Evidence-Based Psychotherapies of Depression, Bipolar Disorder, Suicidal Behavior, and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: Current Status and Future Directions

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is the direct and intentional destruction of one’s own body tissue in the absence of suicidal intent. Although NSSI itself is explicitly nonsuicidal, nearly half of individuals who engage in NSSI also engage in suicidal behavior, and nearly all individuals who engage in suicidal behavior also engage in NSSI. Moreover, recent studies suggest that NSSI is one of the strongest known predictors of future suicide attempts, even exceeding the predictive power of prior suicide attempts in some instances. In this chapter we review the basic features and correlates of NSSI, evaluate the evidence for traditional models of NSSI, and discuss how an emerging model of NSSI may provide insight into the strong association between NSSI and suicidal behavior. We conclude by recommending how to evaluate when NSSI is a behavioral emergency and by noting the most crucial future directions for research on this topic.

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Bipolar disorder--methodological problems and future perspectives

Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience ◽

10.31887/dcns.2008.10.2/jangst ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 129-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Current Status ◽

Biological Research ◽

Central Position ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Self Assessment ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Future Directions ◽

Methodological Problems

Since its "rebirth" in 1966, bipolar disorder (BPD) has rapidly come to occupy a central position in the research and treatment of mood disorders. Compared with major depressive disorder (MDD), BPD is a more serious condition, characterized by much more frequent recurrence, more complex comorbidity, and higher mortality. One major problem is the lack of valid definitions in adult and in child psychiatry; the current definitions are unsatisfactory, and heavily favor an overdiagnosis of MDD. Biological research is partially based on those definitions, which have a short half-life. An additional, dimensional, approach, quantifying hypomania, depression, and anxiety by self-assessment and symptom checklists is recommended. A further, related problem is the early recognition of the onset of BPD, especially in adolescence, and the identification of correlates in childhood. Early and timely diagnosis of BPD is necessary to enable prompt intervention and secondary prevention of the disorder. The paper describes the current status and future directions of developing clinical concepts of bipolarity.

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The association between nonsuicidal and suicidal self-injurious behaviors: A systematic review and expanded theoretical model

10.31234/osf.io/r4957 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Brooke A. Ammerman ◽

Taylor A. Burke ◽

Caitlin M. O'Loughlin ◽

Rebecca Hammond

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Theoretical Model ◽

Empirical Research ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Pathway Model ◽

Future Directions ◽

The Past ◽

Self Injury ◽

Potential Factors ◽

The Relationship

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is one of the strongest predictors of suicidal behavior. Despite this, the field still has a limited understanding of the mechanisms by which this relationship is conferred. As there has been a proliferation of research in this area over the past decade, an updated systematic review of the empirical research examining potential factors driving the relationship between NSSI and suicide-related outcomes is needed to move the field forward. We identified only 18 studies examining moderators or mediators of the relationship. Research to date does little to improve our understanding of the robust, prospective relationship between NSSI and suicide outcomes, highlighting a foundational gap in both the empirical and theoretical literature. Thus, we propose the Nonsuicidal to Suicidal Self-Injury Pathway Model, an expanded theoretical model of this relationship drawing on extant theory and empirical research, as well as discuss future directions for work in this area.

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Meta-Analysis and Evidence-Based Career Practice: Current Status and Future Directions

10.17125/svp2016.ch8 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Steven D. Brown

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Current Status ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Future Directions ◽

Career Practice

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The management of treatment-resistant bipolar disorder

10.1093/med/9780198748625.003.0023 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Salih Selek ◽

Ives Cavalcante Passos ◽

Jair C. Soares

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Treatment Resistance ◽

Pole Position ◽

Short Description ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Pharmacological Treatments ◽

Mixed States ◽

Treatment Resistant ◽

Future Directions ◽

Depressive Episodes

Treatment-resistant bipolar disorder is a challenging area in clinical psychiatry and both defining treatment resistance and managing it is difficult despite new emerging pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. This chapter revisits the definition in treatment resistance in bipolar and summarizes the general recommendations in treatment-resistant bipolar disorder by taking revision of the guidelines to ‘pole position’. Manic and depressive episodes are covered in different subtitles. A short description of the complementary and alternative treatments is also mentioned. Special conditions in treatment resistance including co-morbidities, mixed states, and substance abuse are discussed separately. Future directions are also addressed by both evidence-based and naturalistic findings. Final recommendations for mania and depression are discussed after each subtitle and illustrated with a figure to give readers a visual summary.

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