scholarly journals MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF A MODEL FOR THE DYNAMICS OF BROILER PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Broiler Production

Density waves in disk galaxies

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Lin ◽  
F. H. Shu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Spiral Structure ◽  
Stellar System ◽  
Collective Modes ◽  
Disk Galaxies ◽  
Spiral Pattern ◽  
Density Waves ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Detailed Mathematical Analysis

Density waves in the nature of those proposed by B. Lindblad are described by detailed mathematical analysis of collective modes in a disk-like stellar system. The treatment is centered around a hypothesis of quasi-stationary spiral structure. We examine (a) the mechanism for the maintenance of this spiral pattern, and (b) its consequences on the observable features of the galaxy.

Computing cell tractions from particle displacements on silicone rubber substrata

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
Tim Oliver ◽  
Akira Ishihara ◽  
Ken Jacobsen ◽  
Micah Dembo
Keyword(s):  
Plane Stress ◽  
Linear Elasticity ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
Video Images ◽  
Cell Traction Forces ◽  
Latex Beads ◽  
Cell Traction ◽  
Better Than

In order to better understand the distribution of cell traction forces generated by rapidly locomoting cells, we have applied a mathematical analysis to our modified silicone rubber traction assay, based on the plane stress Green’s function of linear elasticity. To achieve this, we made crosslinked silicone rubber films into which we incorporated many more latex beads than previously possible (Figs. 1 and 6), using a modified airbrush. These films could be deformed by fish keratocytes, were virtually drift-free, and showed better than a 90% elastic recovery to micromanipulation (data not shown). Video images of cells locomoting on these films were recorded. From a pair of images representing the undisturbed and stressed states of the film, we recorded the cell’s outline and the associated displacements of bead centroids using Image-1 (Fig. 1). Next, using our own software, a mesh of quadrilaterals was plotted (Fig. 2) to represent the cell outline and to superimpose on the outline a traction density distribution. The net displacement of each bead in the film was calculated from centroid data and displayed with the mesh outline (Fig. 3).

Evaluation of unconventional poultry feed in broilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Trial Period ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Broiler Production ◽  
Group I ◽  
Unconventional Feed

Background: Commercial broiler is a rapidly growing sector in Bangladesh. The broilers are supplied with the balanced ration prepared from a number of ingredients which are not available uniformly throughout the years. On the other hands, manufactured feeds are costly and inconvenient for the rural farmers. This study is undertaken to use unconventional feed ingredients aiming to decrease the broiler production cost. Method: A total of ninety-nine day- old broiler chicks (Hubbard) of either sex were used in this study in 3 treatment groups to assess processed unconventional feed item (shoti, blood meal, poultry dropping and molasses) on growth and profitability upon rearing for 60 days. Broilers were reared in dip litter system and were fed ad libitum on conventional and unconventional diet dividing into 3 treatment diets namely, treatment diet 1 (T1: Conventional as control), treatment diet 2 (T2: unconventional with blood meal and shoti), and treatment diet 3 (T3: unconventional with blood meal, shoti, poultry droppings and molasses) throughout the trial period. Treatment group 1 (T1) was used as control. Results: Broilers fed on control diet (conventional feed) achieved higher (P<0.01) body weight, while the broilers offered diets with the highest amount of unconventional feed had the lowest body weight. Increased (P<0.01) feed intake was observed during 21days and 49 days of age when broilers fed diets with the supplementation, but no significant differences were found among the groups in terms of feed consumption during 33 day of age. FCR differed significantly (P<.01) throughout the trial period with the broilers fed diets without supplementation of unconventional feed item had the superior FCR than the others. Mortality rate was 6.06%,9.09%, and 9.09% in treatment group I, treatment group II, and treatment group III respectively while live weights, feed conversion and feed consumption was unaffected by all the dietary groups with/without incorporation of unconventional feed item up to day 60 days of age. Statistically significant (P<0.01) decreased live weight was observed among the treatment groups in 60-day-old birds. Productivity and cost-benefit analysis were performed. Conclusion: Use of unconventional feed ingredients in broiler production greatly reduces the feed cost with little hampering the growth rate and hence, it is profitable for the farmers.

Equilibrium Profile of Modern Belted Radial Ply Tires: Its Determination and Performance Benefits

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-151
Author(s):  
Rudolf F. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Finite Element Methods ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Equilibrium Profiles ◽  
Equilibrium Profile ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Beneficial Property

ABSTRACT The benefits of a tire's equilibrium profile have been suggested by several authors in the published literature, and mathematical procedures were developed that represented well the behavior of bias ply tires. However, for modern belted radial ply tires, and particularly those with a lower aspect ratio, the tire constructions are much more complicated and pose new problems for a mathematical analysis. Solutions to these problems are presented in this paper, and for a modern radial touring tire the equilibrium profile was calculated together with the mold profile to produce such tires. Some construction modifications were then applied to these tires to render their profiles “nonequilibrium.” Finite element methods were used to analyze for stress concentrations and deformations within all tires that did or did not conform to equilibrium profiles. Finally, tires were built and tested to verify the predictions of these analyses. From the analysis of internal stresses and deformations on inflation and loading and from the actual tire tests, the superior durability of tires with an equilibrium profile was established, and hence it is concluded that an equilibrium profile is a beneficial property of modern belted radial ply tires.

A Simple Model for Cornering and Belt-edge Separation in Radial Tires

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Popper ◽  
C. Miller ◽  
D. L. Filkin ◽  
W. J. Schaffers
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Transverse Shear ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Pure Bending ◽  
Radial Tire ◽  
Optimum Angle ◽  
Shear Strains ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Edge Separation ◽  
Shear Bending

Abstract A mathematical analysis of radial tire cornering was performed to predict tire deflections and belt-edge separation strains. The model includes the effects of pure bending, transverse shear bending, lateral restraint of the carcass on the belt, and shear displacements between belt and carcass. It also provides a description of the key mechanisms that act during cornering. The inputs include belt and carcass cord properties, cord angle, pressure, rubber properties, and cornering force. Outputs include cornering deflections and interlaminar shear strains. Key relations found between tire parameters and responses were the optimum angle for minimum cornering deflections and its dependence on cord modulus, and the effect of cord angle and modulus on interlaminar shear strains.

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