The Relationship between the Trunk Muscles Activities and Postural Sway during Unstable Sitting

Trunk muscles are required for safety of movement in aging. The authors aimed to investigate the relationship between trunk muscle thickness and the static postural balance in older adults. A total of 31 females and 23 males with a mean age of 73.39 ± 6.09 completed the study. The thickness of the trunk muscles was determined with ultrasound imaging. Postural balance was assessed with force plate. There was a positive weak correlation between right and left upper rectus abdominis muscle thickness and anterior stability area (p < .05, r > .3). The negative and moderate correlation was determined between the left lower rectus abdominis and the perturbated stability sway value (p < .01, r > .5). The increase in trunk muscle thickness in older adults increases the postural stability area and decreases the postural sway especially in the mediolateral direction.

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Post-Drive Standing Balance of Vehicle Passengers Using Wearable Sensors: The Effect of On-Road Driving and Task Performance

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21154997 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (15) ◽

pp. 4997

Author(s):

Victor C. Le ◽

Monica L. H. Jones ◽

Kathleen H. Sienko

Keyword(s):

Task Performance ◽

Postural Sway ◽

Wearable Sensors ◽

Standing Balance ◽

Balance Performance ◽

Real Time Traffic ◽

Balance Exercises ◽

Before And After ◽

The Relationship ◽

And Task

Postural sway has been demonstrated to increase following exposure to different types of motion. However, limited prior studies have investigated the relationship between exposure to normative on-road driving conditions and standing balance following the exposure. The purpose of this on-road study was to quantify the effect of vehicle motion and task performance on passengers’ post-drive standing balance performance. In this study, trunk-based kinematic data were captured while participants performed a series of balance exercises before and after an on-road driving session in real-time traffic. Postural sway for all balance exercises increased following the driving session. Performing a series of ecologically relevant visual-based tasks led to increases in most post-drive balance metrics such as sway position and velocity. However, the post-drive changes following the driving session with a task were not significantly different compared to changes observed following the driving session without a task. The post-drive standing balance performance changes observed in this study may increase vulnerable users’ risk of falling. Wearable sensors offer an opportunity to monitor postural sway following in-vehicle exposures.

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The product of trunk muscle area and density on the CT image is a good indicator of energy expenditure in patients with or at risk for COPD

Respiratory Research ◽

10.1186/s12931-021-01621-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Toru Shirahata ◽

Hideaki Sato ◽

Sanehiro Yogi ◽

Kaiji Inoue ◽

Mamoru Niitsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Body Composition ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Trunk Muscle ◽

Rectus Abdominis ◽

Activity Level ◽

Erector Spinae ◽

Trunk Muscles ◽

Muscle Area ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Physical inactivity due to cachexia and muscle wasting is well recognized as a sign of poor prognosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there have been no reports on the relationship between trunk muscle measurements and energy expenditure parameters, such as the total energy expenditure (TEE) and physical activity level (PAL), in COPD. In this study, we investigated the associations of computed tomography (CT)-derived muscle area and density measurements with clinical parameters, including TEE and PAL, in patients with or at risk for COPD, and examined whether these muscle measurements serve as an indicator of TEE and PAL. Methods The study population consisted of 36 male patients with (n = 28, stage 1–4) and at risk for (n = 8) COPD aged over 50 years. TEE was measured by the doubly labeled water method, and PAL was calculated as the TEE/basal metabolic rate estimated by the indirect method. The cross-sectional areas and densities of the pectoralis muscles, rectus abdominis muscles, and erector spinae muscles were measured. We evaluated the relationship between these muscle measurements and clinical outcomes, including body composition, lung function, muscle strength, TEE, and PAL. Results All the muscle areas were significantly associated with TEE, severity of emphysema, and body composition indices such as body mass index, fat-free mass, and trunk muscle mass. All trunk muscle densities were correlated with PAL. The product of the rectus abdominis muscle area and density showed the highest association with TEE (r = 0.732) and PAL (r = 0.578). Several trunk muscle measurements showed significant correlations with maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, indicating their roles in respiration. Conclusions CT-derived measurements for trunk muscles are helpful in evaluating physical status and function in patients with or at risk for COPD. Particularly, trunk muscle evaluation may be a useful marker reflecting TEE and PAL.

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THE RELATIONSHIP OF POSTURAL SWAY IN STANDING TO THE INCIDENCE OF FALLS IN GERIATRIC SUBJECTS

Age and Ageing ◽

10.1093/ageing/11.1.11 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 11-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 259

Author(s):

G. R. FERNIE ◽

C. I. GRYFE ◽

P. J. HOLLIDAY ◽

A. LLEWELLYN

Keyword(s):

Postural Sway ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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The relationship between lower limb maximal and explosive strength and change of direction ability: Comparison of basketball and tennis players, and long-distance runners

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0256347 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0256347

Author(s):

Žiga Kozinc ◽

Darjan Smajla ◽

Nejc Šarabon

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Trunk Muscles ◽

Distance Runners ◽

Long Distance ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Tennis Players ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

Explosive Strength ◽

The Relationship

Change-of-direction (CoD) ability is an important determinant of athletic performance. Muscle strength is among the most important determinants of CoD ability. However, previous studies investigating the relationship between CoD ability and muscle strength focused mostly on flexor and extensor muscle groups, or used multi-joint exercises, such as jumps, squats or mid-thigh pull. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between CoD ability and strength of ankle, knee, hip and trunk maximal and explosive strength. The participants (n = 327), consisting of male and female basketball players, tennis players and long-distance runners completed isometric strength assessments and CoD testing (90° and 180° turn tests). The times of both CoD tests were associated with muscle strength (peak torques and the rate of torque development variables), with correlation coefficients being mostly weak to moderate (r = 0.2–0.6). Strength variables explained 33%, 62% and 48% of the variance in the 90° turn task, and 42%, 36% and 59% of the variance in the 180° turn task, in basketball players, long-distance runners and tennis players, respectively. Hip and trunk muscle strength variables were the most prevalent in the regression models, especially hip adduction and abduction strength. Our results suggest that the strength of several lower limb muscles, in particular of the hip abductors and adductors, and trunk muscles, but also hip rotators, extensors and flexors, as well as knee and ankle flexors and extensors should be considered when aiming to improve CoD performance.

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Musicians body sway embodies musical structure and expression: A recurrence-based approach

Musicae Scientiae ◽

10.1177/1029864916685928 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 244-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alexander P. Demos ◽

Roger Chaffin ◽

Topher Logan

Keyword(s):

Serial Position ◽

Linear Models ◽

Postural Sway ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Body Sway ◽

Musical Structure ◽

Mixed Linear Models ◽

Self Similarity ◽

Performance Style ◽

The Relationship

Musicians’ sway during performance seems to be related to musical structure. However, it has yet to be shown that examples of the relationship are not simply due to chance. Progress has been impeded by three problems: the assumption that musical structure is constant across performances; the complexity of the movements; and the inability of traditional statistical tests to accurately model the multilevel temporal hierarchies involved. We solved these problems in a study of the side-to-side postural sway of two trombonists as they each recorded two performances of each of two solo pieces in each of three different performance styles (normal, expressive, non-expressive). The musicians reported their phrasing immediately after each performance by marking copies of the score. We measured the rate and stability (mean line) of recurrence (self-similarity) and assessed the effect of serial position within a phrase, using mixed linear models to model the nesting of phrases within pieces, within performances, across expressive styles and musicians. Recurrence and stability of recurrence changed systematically across the course of a phrase, producing sinusoidal-like and arch-shaped phrasing contours that differed with the performance style and length of phrase. As long suspected, musicians’ expressive movements reflect musical structure.

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Manual tracking impairs postural stability in older adults

British Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/0308022617712206 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 80 (9) ◽

pp. 539-548

Author(s):

Anna Rossiter ◽

Matthew J Allsop ◽

Rachael K Raw ◽

Lindsay Howard ◽

Raymond J Holt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Postural Control ◽

Postural Sway ◽

Tracking Error ◽

Task Demands ◽

Falls Prevention ◽

Cognitive Capacity ◽

Risk Of Falls ◽

The Relationship ◽

Manual Performance

Introduction Older adults show increased postural sway and a greater risk of falls when completing activities with high cognitive demands. While dual-task approaches have clarified an association between cognitive processes and postural control, it is unclear how manual ability, which is also required for the successful completion of cognitively demanding tasks (such as putting a key into a lock), affects this relationship. Method Kinematic technology was used to explore the relationship between postural sway and manual control in healthy younger and older adults. Participants ( n = 82) remained standing to complete a visual-motor tracking task on a tablet computer. Root mean square tracking error measured manual performance, and a balance board measured deviations in centre of pressure as a marker of postural sway. Results Older adults displayed poorer manual accuracy and increased postural sway across all testing conditions. Conclusions Cognitive capacity can interact with multiple task demands, and in turn affect postural sway in older adults. Improving our understanding of factors that influence postural control will assist falls-prevention efforts and inform clinical practice.

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On the relationship between pain intensity and postural sway in patients with non-specific neck pain

Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation ◽

10.3233/bmr-130399 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 401-409 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Alexander Ruhe ◽

René Fejer ◽

Bruce Walker

Keyword(s):

Neck Pain ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Postural Sway ◽

The Relationship

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The Relationship Between Foot Width, Postural Sway, Upper Extremity Isometric Muscle Strength and Shot Performance

Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences ◽

10.5336/sportsci.2018-63405 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 14-20

Author(s):

Tuğba KOCAHAN ◽

Bihter AKINOĞLU ◽

Abdullah GENÇ ◽

Banu KABAK ◽

Gökhan DELİCEOĞLU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Postural Sway ◽

The Relationship ◽

Isometric Muscle

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Reduced strength, poor balance and concern about falls mediate the relationship between knee pain and fall risk in older people

10.21203/rs.2.12970/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Cameron J Hicks ◽

Pazit Levinger ◽

Jasmine C Menant ◽

Stephen R Lord ◽

Perminder S Sachdev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Knee Pain ◽

Fall Risk ◽

Postural Sway ◽

Knee Extension ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Pain Group ◽

Eyes Closed ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Aims Pain is an independent risk factor for falling. One in two older community-dwelling people with musculoskeletal pain fall each year. This study examined physical, psychological and medical factors as potential mediators to explain the relationship between knee pain and falls.Methods Three hundred and thirty-three community-dwelling people aged 70+ years (52% women) participated in this cohort study with a 1-year follow-up for falls. Participants completed questionnaires (medical history, general health and concern about falls) and underwent physical performance tests. Participants were classified into ‘pain’ and ‘no pain’ groups based on self-reported knee pain. Poisson Regression models were computed to determine the Relative Risk (RR) of having multiple falls and potential mediators for increased fall risk.Results One hundred and eighteen (35.5%) participants were categorised as having knee pain. This group took more medications and had more medical conditions (P <0.01) compared to the no pain group. The pain group had poorer balance, physical function and strength and reported increased concern about falls. Sixty one participants (19.5%) reported ≥ 2 falls, with the pain group twice as likely to experience multiple falls over the 12 month follow up (RR = 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.27 – 3.13). Concern about falls, knee extension torque and postural sway with eyes closed were identified as significant and independent mediators of fall risk, and when combined explained 23% of the relationship between knee pain and falls.Conclusion This study has identified several medical, medication, psychological, sensorimotor, balance and mobility factors to be associated with knee pain, and found the presence of knee pain doubles the risk of multiple falls in older community living people. Alleviating knee pain, as well as addressing associated risk factors may assist in preventing falls in older people with knee pain.

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