scholarly journals Clinico-epidemiological and sociodemographic profile of HIV/AIDS patients who are co-infected with Toxoplasma gondii in the border region of Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
JANIELLE C. MORO ◽  
NEIDE M. MOREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Sociodemographic Profile ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Toxoplasmosis in Pregnant Women and HIV/AIDS Patients in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Getacher Feleke ◽  
Angesom Gebreweld ◽  
Gashaw Zewde
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Women And Hiv ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background. Although Toxoplasma gondii infection in immune-competent individuals is usually asymptomatic or causes a mild flu-like illness, it may become severe and can occasionally be fatal in immune-compromised people, such as AIDS patients or pregnant women. Method. Electronic English databases (Pubmed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Scopus), parasitology congresses, and theses of Ethiopian medical universities, were systematically searched (published or unpublished data). Full-length articles and abstracts were collected using keywords such as Toxoplasma gondii, Toxoplasmosis, pregnant women, HIV/AIDS, and Ethiopia. Results. Analysis of seroprevalence estimates was pooled using a random effects meta-analysis. Seventeen studies were included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. One of these studies reported seroprevalence of T. gondii in HIV/AIDS patients and pregnant women. In this review, a total of 4,030 individuals were included and analyzed. The pooled prevalence of T. gondii in this review was 81.00% (95% CI = 69.10–89.78). Sub-group analysis showed that 2,557 pregnant women were evaluated. In pregnant women, the pooled sero-prevalence was 71.2 (95% CI = [51.9%, 87.1%]. In HIV/AIDS patients, 1,473 individuals were evaluated and the pooled seroprevalence was 88.45 (95% CI = 80.87%–94.31%). Conclusion. This systematic review and meta-analysis identified a high seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection of 81% among immunocompromised patients. Scaling up prevention and control methods mainly strengthening educational efforts are necessary to avoid reactivation and to stop the spread of T. gondii infection.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Infection among HIV/AIDS Patients in Eastern China

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Shen ◽  
Xiaoming Wang ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
Yaying Gao
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Sero-Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection among HIV-Positive Patients in Khartoum : A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Elghazali Mohammed ◽  
Mustafa Yassin ◽  
Khalid Anan ◽  
Awadalkareem Omer ◽  
Mutaz A. Elsir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background and Aim : Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common comorbidities in HIV-positive patients with CD4+ T lymphocytes below 200 cells/μl. Toxoplasmosis with encephalitis may affect HIV infection, in particular in patients with developing AIDS. Early diagnosis and treatment of toxoplasmosis reduces the mortality rate in HIV-positive people. The aim of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in HIV-positive patients in Khartoum, Sudan using serological and molecular methods. Methods : This was a descriptive cross sectional, hospital based study, blood sample were collected from 100 participants; out of them were 50 HIV/AIDS patients and 50 were healthy Blood donors attending HIV Center -Omdurman Hospital, and Sudan Heart Center blood bank respectively. Socio- demographic data were collected by structured questionnaire. Of the 50 HIV/AIDS patients, 25 (50%) were from each gender, their age ranged between 22 and 62 with mean of 39.5+10.69. They were classified into two age groups; from 22 to 42 years, and from 43 to 62 years, and their distribution was 29 (58%), and 21 (42%) respectively. According to the clinical stage they were classified into the four clinical-stage groups and their distribution was as following: 06 (12.0%) in stage 1, 02 (04%) in stage 2, 40 (80.0%) in stage 3, and 02 (04.0%) in stage 4. Twelve of them (22%) were under ART treatments. The 50 blood donors on their hand were all males, their age was ranged between 18 and 42 years old. Regarding their educatio, 15 (30%) were educated, while the remaining 35 (70%) were none educated. Mentioning their marital status 10 (20%) were married, while 40 (80%) were single. Regarding the contact with cats 25 (50%) has contact with cats. All samples collected were tested for anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies by ELISA, and by PCR for detection of Toxoplasma DNA.. Results: Out of the 50 HIV/AIDS patients; Anti-Toxoplasma IgM was detected in two patients (04%), while IgG was detected in 08 (16%) patients, the Toxoplasma DNA was detected in three (06%) patients.Regarding the blood donors group; all studied blood donors showed negative results for anti-toxoplasma IgM, while 16 (32%) showed positive anti-Toxoplasma IgG.No blood donors sample was detected positive for Toxoplasma DNA with PCR. There were no significant differences in comparison between the blood donors and the HIV/AIDS patients regarding serological and molecular toxoplasma test results. Conclusion : The current study showed a relatively high seroprevalance of anti-T.gondii IgG and low IgM antibodies in HIV-positive patients in comparison with previous studies in Sudan. Considering the relatively high seroprevalance rate of toxoplasma infection in blood donors reported in this study, toxoplasmosis should be considered as a significant transfusion risk.

scholarly journals Sero–Prevalence, and Associated Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Pregnant Women and HIV/AIDS Patients in Selected Cities of Ethiopia

2014 ◽  
Vol V (10) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anteneh HAILU HAILU ◽  
Kassahun NEGASHE NEGASHE ◽  
Aweke TASE TASEW ◽  
Medhint GETACH GETACHEW ◽  
Tesfaye SISAY SISAY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Women And Hiv ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii GRA28 Is Required for Placenta-Specific Induction of the Regulatory Chemokine CCL22 in Human and Mouse

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth N. Rudzki ◽  
Stephanie E. Ander ◽  
Rachel S. Coombs ◽  
Hisham S. Alrubaye ◽  
Leah F. Cabo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Immune Tolerance ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Specific Induction ◽  
Human And Mouse ◽  
Hiv Aids

Toxoplasma gondii is a globally ubiquitous pathogen that can cause severe disease in HIV/AIDS patients and can also cross the placenta and infect the developing fetus. We have found that placental and immune cells infected with T. gondii secrete significant amounts of a chemokine (called CCL22) that is critical for immune tolerance during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii IgG Seroprevalence in HIV/AIDS Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozlem Altuntas Aydin ◽  
Hayat Kumbasar Karaosmanoglu ◽  
Ramazan Korkusuz ◽  
Ozcan Nazlican
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals High seroprevalence of specific Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies among HIV/AIDS patients with immunological failure attending a tertiary hospital in northwestern Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam M. Mirambo ◽  
Charles Kivambe ◽  
Martha F. Mushi ◽  
Maria Zinga ◽  
Elifuraha B. Mngumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
World Health ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Immunological Failure ◽  
Immunological Treatment ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Immunological Treatment Failure ◽  
Hiv Aids

 Toxoplasmosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced HIV disease. However, there is limited data on the magnitude of toxoplasmosis among HIV patients with immunological treatment failure. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of specific Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies among HIV/AIDS patients attending Bugando Medical Centre in Mwanza, Tanzania. Immunological treatment failure was defined using the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria and specific T.gondii IgG antibodies were determined using indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent (ELISA). A total of 178 non-repetitive sera from HIV/AIDS patients were analyzed. The mean age of study participants was 38.5±11.3 years. Majority of study participants were males 120 (67.42%). Out of 178 patients, 38 (21.34%) were diagnosed to have immunological failure. T.gondii specific IgG antibodies were found in 26 (68.4%) of the patients with immunological failure compared to 46 (32.86%) of those without immunological failure (OR: 4.42, CI: 2.05-9.55; p<0.001). The seroprevalence of T.gondii infection is high among patients with immunological treatment failure and place them at a high risk of T. gondii encephalitis necessitating sustained trimethoprim-sulfamethaxazole prophylaxis to prevent reactivation.   

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