scholarly journals Low specificity and sensitivity of smell identification testing for the diagnosis of Parkinson?s disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayela Rodríguez-Violante ◽  
Paulina Gonzalez-Latapi ◽  
Azyadeh Camacho-Ordoñez ◽  
Daniel Martínez-Ramírez ◽  
Hugo Morales-Briceño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University ◽  
Smell Identification

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine if the University of Pennsylvania’s Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) is an accurate diagnostic tool for olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Method: We included 138 non-demented PD subjects and 175 control subjects matched by gender. Smell identification was tested using UPSIT. Results: The mean number of UPSIT items correctly identified by controls was 27.52±5.88; the mean score for PD subjects was 19.66±6.08 (p=<0.001). UPSIT sensitivity was 79.7% with a specificity of 68.5% using a cut-off score of ≤25. The overall accuracy for the diagnosis of PD was of 75.3%. Conclusion: UPSIT accuracy and specificity were lower than what has been previously reported. Our data demonstrates that 17.5% of items of the UPSIT were not well identified by healthy controls. Further research of the identification of a truly cross-cultural test is warranted.

scholarly journals Olfactory identification in young relatives at risk for schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matcheri S. Keshavan ◽  
Anvi Vora ◽  
Debra Montrose ◽  
Vaibhav A. Diwadkar ◽  
John Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Prodromal Symptoms ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Olfactory Identification ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
The University ◽  
Smell Identification

Objective:Olfactory identification deficits (OIDs) are seen in schizophrenia, but it is unclear whether they are state- or trait-related.Methods:We examined the prevalence of OIDs, as assessed by the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), and their correlations with prodromal symptoms in young relatives at risk for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (HR-S).Results:UPSIT scores were lower in HR- S than in healthy controls, but were non-significant after covarying the effects of age, gender and IQ. OID deficits in HR-S were correlated, after covarying out the effects of age and IQ, with prodromal disorganisation.Conclusion:The potential value of OID deficits as markers of psychopathological vulnerability in young relatives at risk for schizophrenia deserves further investigation.

scholarly journals Prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bayat ◽  
Amirmohammad Arabi ◽  
Amirali Assadi ◽  
Saina Nezami Nia ◽  
Masoud Mortezazadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Population ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
The University ◽  
Smell Identification

Back ground: Nowadays COVID-19 has become a pandemic in which global society experience multiple difficulties in management. It seems that olfactory dysfunction is one of the early occurring symptoms of this viral infection and many patients just show this symptom after they got infected. Considering so, olfactory dysfunction especially a decline in olfaction could potentially be used for screening purposes and preventing the disease to spread. Methods: 50 PCR-verified SARS-CoV-2 infected participants were assessed about their olfactory function adequacy using a Modified Version of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) for the Iranian population called Iran Smell Identification Test (Iran-SIT). Participants scores were compared against normal population scores in this test and possible correlations of age and scores were explored as well Results: Participants with SARS-CoV-2 infection generally obtained lesser scores in the mentioned test which means they experience a decline in olfactory function more, significantly. Aging also has a negative correlation with olfaction adequacy. Conclusion: Based on this article’s finding, olfactory function decrease is more frequent among SARS-CoV-2 infected people and potentially could be a suggestive indicator for screening programs. This indicator should be interpreted concerning patients’ age.

THUR 037 Identification of biofluid markers of TDP-43 pathology

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. A5.4-A6
Author(s):  
Shafei Rachelle ◽  
Foiani Martha ◽  
Heller Carolin ◽  
Heslegrave Amanda ◽  
Woollacott Ione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
University College ◽  
University College London ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University

IntroductionFrontotemporal dementia (FTD) is usually caused pathologically by either tau or TDP-43. Previous biofluid assays of TDP-43 have not so far proved to be sensitive or specific for identifying those cases with TDP-43 pathology.Material and methodsWe set out to investigate the novel TDP-43 Simoa assay (Quanterix) assay in both plasma and CSF in a cohort of patients recruited from the University College London FTD observational studies with known or likely TDP-43 pathology (17), non-TDP-43 pathology (13), and healthy controls (10).ResultsThe mean [standard deviation] plasma TDP-43 concentration was higher in those with likely TDP-43 pathology (155.1 [223.4] pg/ml) than those with non-TDP pathology (112.39 [252.9] pg/ml), and healthy controls (50.0 [23.1] pg/ml), but the differences between groups was non-significant, with substantial overlap in concentrations between all three groups. The mean CSF TDP-43 concentration was 2.9 [0.3] pg/ml in those with likely TDP-43 pathology, 2.8 [0.4] pg/ml in those with non-TDP pathology, and 3.1 [0.5] pg/ml in healthy controls. DiscussionThe assay tested in this study does not accurately distinguish between those with likely TDP-43 pathology and either disease controls or healthy individuals. There remains an urgent need to develop a better biofluid assay for pathological TDP-43.

scholarly journals Olfaction and essential tremor

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Barasnevicius Quagliato ◽  
Maura Aparecida Viana ◽  
Elizabeth Maria Aparecida Barasnevicius Quagliato ◽  
Samuel Simis
Keyword(s):  
Essential Tremor ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Scale ◽  
Olfactory Identification ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
The University ◽  
Smell Identification

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the olfactory identification in 40 essential tremor (ET) patients, with the University of Pennsylvania 12 Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), to correlate UPSIT scores to clinical and epidemiological data and to compare it to 89 aged matched controls. METHOD: Patients were assessed using ET Clinical Scale of Evaluation and UPSIT. RESULTS: In patients with ET, the UPSIT medium score was 9.10, similar to the control group (9.11), which was also observed in all age groups. ET severity did not correlate to UPSIT scores. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated normality of olfactory identification on ET, qualifying UPSIT to be an important tool on tremor differential diagnosis of undetermined origin.

scholarly journals Olfactory Dysfunction in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients: Observational Cohort Study and Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Wai-Hin Chung ◽  
Siddharth Sridhar ◽  
Anna Jinxia Zhang ◽  
Kwok-Hung Chan ◽  
Hang-Long Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Threshold Test ◽  
Clinical Recovery ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Smell Identification ◽  
Nasal Biopsy

Abstract Background Olfactory dysfunction (OD) has been reported in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there are knowledge gaps about the severity, prevalence, etiology, and duration of OD in COVID-19 patients. Methods Olfactory function was assessed in all participants using questionnaires and the butanol threshold test (BTT). Patients with COVID-19 and abnormal olfaction were further evaluated using the smell identification test (SIT), sinus imaging, and nasoendoscopy. Selected patients received nasal biopsies. Systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed items from January 1, 2020 to April 23, 2020 were searched. Studies that reported clinical data on olfactory disturbances in COVID-19 patients were analyzed. Results We included 18 COVID-19 patients and 18 controls. Among COVID-19 patients, 12 of 18 (67%) reported olfactory symptoms and OD was confirmed in 6 patients by BTT and SIT. Olfactory dysfunction was the only symptom in 2 patients. Mean BTT score of patients was worse than controls (P = .004, difference in means = 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 0.6–2.9). Sinusitis and olfactory cleft obstruction were absent in most patients. Immunohistochemical analysis of nasal biopsy revealed the presence of infiltrative CD68+ macrophages harboring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigen in the stroma. Olfactory dysfunction persisted in 2 patients despite clinical recovery. Systematic review showed that the prevalence of olfactory disturbances in COVID-19 ranged from 5% to 98%. Most studies did not assess olfaction quantitatively. Conclusions Olfactory dysfunction is common in COVID-19 and may be the only symptom. Coronavirus disease 2019-related OD can be severe and prolonged. Mucosal infiltration by CD68+ macrophages expressing SARS-CoV-2 viral antigen may contribute to COVID-19-related OD.

Unirhinal Norms for the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley P. Good ◽  
Jeffrey S. Martzke ◽  
Marie Abi Daoud ◽  
Lili C. Kopala
Keyword(s):  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
The University ◽  
Smell Identification
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