Fluency in Parkinson’s disease: disease duration, cognitive status and age

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of occurrence and to characterize the typology of dysfluencies in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD), including the variables age, gender, schooling, disease duration, score on the Hoehn and Yahr scale and cognitive status (score on Mini-Mental State Examination). A cross-sectional study of a sample comprising 60 adults matched for gender, age and schooling was conducted. Group I comprised 30 adults with idiopathic PD, and Group II comprised 30 healthy adults. For assessment of fluency of speech, subjects were asked to utter a narrative based on a sequence of drawings and a transcription of 200 fluent syllables was performed to identify speech dysfluencies. PD patients exhibited a higher overall number of dysfluencies in speech with a large number of atypical dysfluencies. Additionally, results showed an influence of the variables cognitive status, disease duration and age on occurrence of dysfluencies.

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Polypharmacy Associated with Cognitive Decline in Newly Diagnosed Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra ◽

10.1159/000502351 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 338-343

Author(s):

Nobuyuki Ishii ◽

Hitoshi Mochizuki ◽

Katsuya Sakai ◽

Go Ogawa ◽

Kazutaka Shiomi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Mini Mental State Examination ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Inverse Probability ◽

State Examination

Aims: Polypharmacy is well known to affect cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults. However, the effect of polypharmacy on cognitive function in patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson’s disease remains unknown. Here, we evaluated the association between polypharmacy and cognitive function in patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson’s disease. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 131 consecutive hospitalized patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson’s disease. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Examination and analyzed between groups of patients with or without polypharmacy. Comparisons were adjusted for confounders by performing inverse probability weighting with propensity scores. Results: After inverse probability weighting, patients in the polypharmacy group had a significantly lower Mini-Mental State Examination score than patients in the nonpolypharmacy group (26.2 vs. 27.7, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Polypharmacy was associated with cognitive decline in patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson’s disease. This finding suggests that medication reduction might serve as a promising intervention to prevent the development of dementia in patients with early Parkinson’s disease. Further prospective studies are needed to determine whether medication reduction improves cognitive function in patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson’s disease.

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Nonmotor Symptoms in a Malaysian Parkinson’s Disease Population

Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.1155/2014/472157 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shahrul Azmin ◽

Abdul Manaf Khairul Anuar ◽

Hui Jan Tan ◽

Wan Yahya Nafisah ◽

Azman Ali Raymond ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Nonmotor Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Duration Of Illness ◽

Nonmotor Symptom ◽

State Examination

Background. The nonmotor symptoms are important determinants of health and quality of life in Parkinson’s disease but are not well recognized and addressed in clinical practice. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of nonmotor symptoms and their impact on quality of life in patients with Parkinson’s disease.Methods. This was a cross-sectional study among patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Exclusion criteria were a Mini Mental State Examination score of <21/30. Prevalence of nonmotor symptoms was determined using the NMSQuest. The severity of nonmotor symptoms and the quality of life were assessed using validated disease-specific questionnaires (PDQ-39 and NMSS).Results. A total of 113 patients consisting of 60 males and 53 females were recruited. The median duration of illness was 5.0 (2.0–8.0) years. The prevalence rate of nonmotor symptoms in our cohort was 97.3%. The most common reported nonmotor symptom in our cohort was gastrointestinal (76.1%). We found that the severity of the nonmotor symptoms was associated with poorer quality of life scores (rs: 0.727,P<0.001).Conclusions. Nonmotor symptoms were highly prevalent in our patients with Parkinson’s disease and adversely affected the quality of life of our patients. In contrast to western studies, the most common nonmotor symptom is gastrointestinal. The possibility of an Asian diet playing a role in this observation requires further study.

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Gender and Age Difference in Clinical Features and severity of Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Southern Morocco

Archives of Neuroscience ◽

10.5812/ans.106239 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Abderrahmane Achbani ◽

Sofiane Ait Wahmane ◽

Mohamed Elatiqi ◽

Hasnaa Sine ◽

Ahmed Kharbach ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Early Stage ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Difference ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gender And Age ◽

Initial Symptoms ◽

Yahr Scale

Background: Parkinson’s disease is the second most frequently reported neurodegenerative disease, behind Alzheimer’s disease. In Morocco, enough information are not available about its prevalence, progression, and characteristics, particularly in Southern regions of the country. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate gender and age differences in the sociodemographic and clinical profile of Parkinson’s disease patients in southern Morocco. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on a selected cohort of 180 patients, previously diagnosed with Parkinson’s. Results: The results showed that the onset of the disease was earlier in females compared to males. Besides, we found that the prevalence of rigidity symptoms was slightly higher in younger patients and in patients aged 61 to 70 years old, at the onset of the disease. Importantly, the results showed that the initial symptoms of males were different than females. According to the Hoehn and Yahr scale, the majority (82.6%) of patients of both genders were in the early stage of the disease. Additional statistical analyses, confirmed that the severity of the disease was strongly related to gender (P = 0.02). Conclusions: The findings confirmed that males and females had different clinical motor characteristics in the initial symptoms and progression of Parkinson’s disease. Nevertheless, experimental studies should be conducted to arrive at a real understanding of what underlies these differences.

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Factors associated with depression in Parkinson’s disease: a cross-sectional study in a Polish population

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2006.01.012 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 21 (8) ◽

pp. 516-520 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Hubert M. Wichowicz ◽

Jarosław Sławek ◽

Mirosława Derejko ◽

Wiesław Jerzy Cubała

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Polish Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Disability Scale ◽

Yahr Scale ◽

Specific Outcome

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and factors influencing depression in PD patients in a cross-sectional outpatient clinic - based Polish patients sample.Materials and methodsOne hundred consecutive PD patients were included in this study; 35 of them fulfilled DSM-IV criteria for Major Depression and its severity was assessed with Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). A structured interview and a neurological examination, including Hoehn and Yahr scale (H–Y), Schwab–England disability scale, II, III, IV parts of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were performed. The parameters obtained were analysed between the depressed and non-depressed PD patients.ResultsThe prevalence of depression in PD in Polish population was established at the level of 35%. PD patients with depression scored significantly higher in all UPDRS scales (except for the subscale of clinical fluctuation) and in H–Y scale. PD with depression was also associated with longer PD duration, higher doses of L-dopa equivalents, patients' age, general impairment of daily living in Schwab and England disability scale, lower MMSE and higher clinical fluctuations. However, those six differences were insignificant.ConclusionsDepression prevalence rate among PD patients in Polish population is slightly lower than in most of other published studies. This may result from strict selection criteria, use of specific outcome measures and restricted criteria for depression that were applied.

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Comparison of Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Ratings Across Levels of Parkinson’s Disease Severity

Journal of Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.3233/jpd-212705 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Allison Snyder ◽

Ann L. Gruber-Baldini ◽

F. Rainer von Coelln ◽

Joseph M. Savitt ◽

Stephen G. Reich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Mental State ◽

Cognitive Assessment ◽

Mini Mental State Examination ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽

State Examination

Background: Cognitive impairment (CI) is common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and an important cause of disability. Screening facilitates early detection of CI and has implications for management. Preclinical disability is when patients have functional limitations but maintain independence through compensatory measures. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) with levels of PD severity and disability. Methods: PD patients (n = 2,234) in a large observational study were stratified by disease severity, based on Total Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (Total UPDRS) and Hoehn and Yahr (HY) stage. Using MMSE (n = 1,184) or MoCA (n = 1,050) and basic (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scales for disability, linear regression analysis examined associations between cognitive status and disability. Results: Cognition and disability were highly correlated, with the strongest correlation between IADL and MoCA. Only 16.0% of mean MMSE scores were below threshold for CI (28) and only in advanced PD (Total UPDRS 60+, HY≥3). MoCA scores fell below CI threshold (26) in 66.2% of the sample and earlier in disease (Total UPDRS 30+, HY≥2), corresponding with impairments in ADLs. Conclusion: In a large clinical dataset, a small fraction of MMSE scores fell below cutoff for CI, reinforcing that MMSE is an insensitive screening tool in PD. MoCA scores indicated CI earlier in disease and coincided with disability. This study shows that MoCA, but not MMSE is sensitive to the emergence of early cognitive impairment in PD and correlates with the concomitant onset of disability.

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Correlation of Visuospatial Ability and EEG Slowing in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.1155/2017/3659784 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Dominique Eichelberger ◽

Pasquale Calabrese ◽

Antonia Meyer ◽

Menorca Chaturvedi ◽

Florian Hatz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Quantitative Eeg ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Visuospatial Ability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lower Performance

Background.Visuospatial dysfunction is among the first cognitive symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is often predictive for PD-dementia. Furthermore, cognitive status in PD-patients correlates with quantitative EEG. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the correlation between EEG slowing and visuospatial ability in nondemented PD-patients.Methods.Fifty-seven nondemented PD-patients (17 females/40 males) were evaluated with a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery and a high-resolution 256-channel EEG was recorded. A median split was performed for each cognitive test dividing the patients sample into either a normal or lower performance group. The electrodes were split into five areas: frontal, central, temporal, parietal, and occipital. A linear mixed effects model (LME) was used for correlational analyses and to control for confounding factors.Results.Subsequently, for the lower performance, LME analysis showed a significant positive correlation between ROCF score and parietal alpha/theta ratio (b=.59,p=.012) and occipital alpha/theta ratio (b=0.50,p=.030). No correlations were found in the group of patients with normal visuospatial abilities.Conclusion.We conclude that a reduction of the parietal alpha/theta ratio is related to visuospatial impairments in PD-patients. These findings indicate that visuospatial impairment in PD-patients could be influenced by parietal dysfunction.

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Metabolic syndrome and dementia associated with Parkinson's disease: impact of age and hypertension

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2012000200008 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 114-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Arthur Oscar Schelp ◽

Cristiane Lara Mendes-Chiloff ◽

Rodrigo Bazan ◽

Vanessa Cristina Paduan ◽

Ana Beatriz Maringolo Pioltini

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age Dependent ◽

Estimated Risk ◽

Disease Impact

OBJECTIVE: To determine correlations between age and metabolic disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. METHODS: This observational cross-sectional study included brief tests for dementia and the Mattis test. Signals of metabolic syndrome were evaluated. RESULTS: There was no significant effect from the presence of hypertension (OR=2.36 for patients under 65 years old and OR=0.64 for patients over 65), diabetes or hypercholesterolemia regarding occurrences of dementia associated with PD (24% of the patients). The study demonstrated that each year of age increased the estimated risk of dementia in PD patients by 9% (OR=1.09; 95%CI: 1.01-1.17). CONCLUSION: There was no evidence to correlate the presence of metabolic syndrome with the risk of dementia that was associated with PD. The study confirmed that dementia in PD is age dependent and not related to disease duration.

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Daytime Sleepiness in Parkinson's Disease: Perception, Influence of Drugs, and Mood Disorder

Sleep Disorders ◽

10.1155/2014/939713 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

M. Ataide ◽

C. M. R. Franco ◽

O. G. Lins

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Subjective Perception ◽

Self Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sleep Complaints ◽

Assessment Scales

Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with sleep complaints as excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and several factors have been implicated in the genesis of these complaints.Objective. To correlate the subjective perception of EDS with variables as the severity of the motor symptoms, medications, and the presence of depressive symptoms.Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study, using specific scales as Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Beck depression inventory (iBeck) and Hoehn and Yahr (HY), in 42 patients with PD.Results. The patients had a mean age of61.2±11.3years and mean disease duration of4.96±3.3years. The mean ESS was7.5±4.7and 28.6% of patients reached a score of abnormally high value (>10). There was no association with gender, disease duration, and dopamine agonists. Patients with EDS used larger amounts of levodopa (366.7±228.0versus460.4±332.25 mg,P=0.038), but those who had an iBeck>20reached lower values of ESS than the others (5.9±4.1versus9.3±4.8,P=0.03).Conclusions. EDS was common in PD patients, being related to levodopa intake. Presence of depressed mood may influence the final results of self-assessment scales for sleep disorders.

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Association between strength with day sleepiness in individuals with Parkinson’s disease

Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance ◽

10.1590/1980-0037.2020v22e67953 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

Author(s):

Sacha Clael ◽

Camila Wells ◽

Raphael Olegário ◽

Sandro Nobre Chaves ◽

Elaine Brandão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Epworth Sleepiness Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Yahr Scale

Abstract The aim of this study is to analyze if there is an association between excessive daytime sleepiness with muscle strength in people with Parkinson’s disease. This study is a cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach. A total of 29 individuals with Parkinson’s disease were recruited and classified in one of four stages of the modified Hoehn and Yahr scale. To assess the excessive daytime sleepiness the Epworth Sleepiness scale was used. The muscle strength was assess with handgrip and isokinetic dynamometers. There are non-significant correlation between Epworth Sleepiness scale with muscle strength, p < 0.05 and rho < 0.3. The muscle strength assessed by handgrip and isokinetic dynamometers does not associated with excessive daytime sleepiness assessed by Epworth Sleepiness scale.

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