scholarly journals Calcium and potassium contents in nutrient solution on Phoma leaf spot intensity in coffee seedlings

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aricléia de Moraes Catarino ◽  
Edson Ampélio Pozza ◽  
Adélia Aziz Alexandre Pozza ◽  
Leone Stabile dias Santos ◽  
Gabriel Brandão Vasco ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Coffee is one of the main export commodities of Brazilian agribusiness. Phoma leaf spot [Phoma tarda (Stewart) Boerema & Bollen] is one of the most important coffee fungal diseases in Brazil. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the intensity of Phoma leaf spot in coffee seedlings supplied with different rates of Ca+2 and K+. The study was conducted under controlled conditions in a growth chamber, at the Department of Phytopathology - UFLA, from February 2010 to December 2011. The assay was repeated twice under the same conditions. The nutrient solutions consisted of five concentrations of K+ (3, 4, 5, 6, 7 mmol L-1) and Ca+2 (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mmol L-1). The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, with 25 treatments and three replicates, with two plants per plot. The areas under incidence progress curve (AUIPC) and severity (AUSPC) were calculated. At the lowest rate of Ca2+ (2 mmol L-1) and highest K+ (6 and 7 mmol L-1), approximately, the AUIPC was the smallest. For the AUSPC, the lowest rates of Ca+2 and K+ resulted in the lowest severities. Supply of Ca+2 and K+ in nutrient solution reduced AUIPC and AUSPC of Phoma leaf spot, and these nutrients can be recommended for the management of the disease.

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 818-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEISE SILVA CASTRO PIMENTEL CARDOSO ◽  
MARIA APARECIDA NOGUEIRA SEDIYAMA ◽  
YONARA POLTRONIERI ◽  
MAIRA CHRISTINA MARQUES FONSECA ◽  
YANE FERNANDES NEVES

ABSTRACT The N:K ratio influences the balance between vegetative and reproductive stages, because potassium plays important roles in the processes that regulate plant growth when the nitrogen availability is high. However, there is a lack of information on the N:K ratio suitable for cucumber cultivation in an NFT-hydroponic system. The objective of this study is to evaluate the different N:K ratios in fruiting nutrient solutions for cucumber production in a hydroponic system. Treatments consisted of two cucumber hybrids (Natsuno Kagayaki and Runner) and four nutrition solutions with different N:K ratios (w/w) (1:0.5, 1:1.0, 1:2.0, and 1:3.0) in the reproductive phase arranged as split plots in a randomized block design with four replications. On the 33rd day after sowing (DAS), the SPAD index on the fourth expanded leaf from the plant apex, number of broaches, and harvests were evaluated. The aerial parts of the plants were collected on the 54th DAS for evaluation of fresh mass, dry mass, and number of leaves per plant. The results showed that the highest concentration of K in the fruiting nutrient solution does not alter the length of the fruits but increases their diameter yield. The N:K ratios in the 1:2.0 and 1:3.0 (w/w) nutrient solutions provided greater yields in both evaluated hybrids. The hybrid Natsuno Kagayaki, however, showed the highest productivity, and it is recommended for hydroponic cultivation.


2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 652-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Luiz Cavarianni ◽  
Arthur Bernardes Cecílio Filho ◽  
Jairo Osvaldo Cazetta ◽  
André May ◽  
Mariana Marotti Corradi

Empiricism in the use of nutrient solutions is frequent. Several times the same nutrient solution is used to grow different species based only on morphological similarities. This practice may lead to nutritional imbalances, affecting not only the production but also the quality of the product due to an accumulation of nitrate. An experiment under hydroponic conditions - the NFT system - was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of the concentration of nitrogen in the nutrient solution on the production and on the nutrient and nitrate contents of rocket (Eruca sativa) salad leaves. The experiment was carried out in spring 2003, in a randomized block design and in a 4 x 3 factorial design, with four replicates. Four nitrogen concentrations in the nutrient solution (60.8; 121.6; 182.5; 243.5 mg L-1) and three rocket salad cultivars (Cultivada, Folha Larga and Selvática) were evaluated. Cv. Cultivada produced the tallest plants and the highest leaf fresh fitomass, not differing from cv. 'Folha Larga' in the number of leaves, leaf nitrate content, root dry fitomass and root fresh fitomass. An increment in NO3, N, Ca and P and a reduction in Mg, K and S occurred when the concentration of N in the nutrient solution was increased. Cultivation of cv. Cultivada at the concentration of 93 mg L-1 is the most recommended as it provides the highest yield and low nitrate content.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Francisco de A. de Oliveira ◽  
Isabelly C. da S. Marques ◽  
Ana Jacqueline de Oliveira Targino ◽  
Carla J. X. Cordeiro ◽  
Mychelle K. T. de Oliveira ◽  
...  

This study aimed to evaluate the use of saline solutions enriched with calcium nitrate in the production of lettuce grown in coconut fiber. The experiment was carried out from July to August 2017 in a greenhouse, at the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region (UFERSA), Mossoró-RN, Brazil. A randomized block design was used, in 2 × 5 factorial scheme, with three replicates. Treatments resulted from the combination of two lettuce cultivars [Elba (Curly) and Irene (Crisphead)] and five nutrient solutions (S1- standard nutrient solution; S2-S1 + NaCl (28.48 mmol L-1); S3-S2 + Ca(NO3)2 (6.89 mmol L-1); S4-S2 + Ca(NO3)2 (9.15 mmol L-1); S5-S2 + Ca(NO3)2 (11.43 mmol L-1)]. Plants were harvest 30 days after transplantation and the following variables were analyzed: head diameter, stem diameter, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight, leaf area, specific leaf area and leaf succulence. The cv. Irene (Crisphead) is more tolerant to nutrient solution salinity compared with the cv. Elba (Curly). Nutrient solutions enriched with 50 and 100% of Ca(NO3)2 promoted better performance of the cultivars Elba and Irene, respectively, fertigated with saline nutrient solution.


Author(s):  
Francisco de A. de Oliveira ◽  
Mychelle K. T. de Oliveira ◽  
Sandy T. dos Santos ◽  
Jessilanne P. B. M. Costa ◽  
José F. de Medeiros ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Substrate cultivation has been gaining interest from vegetable producers, however technical information for many crops is still recent, such as the gherkin, especially regarding the nutrient solution. This study was developed with the objective of evaluating the performance of three gherkin cultivars (Do Norte, Liso de Calcutá and Liso Gibão) grown in coconut fiber and fertigated with nutrient solutions of different concentrations (50, 75, 100 and 125% of the recommendation for melon), using a randomized block design, in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme, with four repetitions and plots composed of three plants. Growth and production variables were evaluated. In general, cv. Liso de Calcutá produced heavier fruits (35.69 g fruit-1), however cv. Liso Gibão produced an average of 21.6 fruits plant-1, being more productive (542.19 g planta-1). The cultivars Do Norte and Liso de Calcutá were less demanding on nutrients. In order to obtain the highest production of gherkin fruits cultivated in coconut fiber, fertigations must be carried out using nutrient solutions diluted in 50% for the cultivars Do Norte and Liso de Calcutá, while for cv. Liso Gibão it is recommended to use nutrient solution diluted in 75% of the concentration of nutrients recommended for the cultivation of melon.


2021 ◽  
Vol 888 (1) ◽  
pp. 012068
Author(s):  
R Sriagtula ◽  
I Martaguri ◽  
S Sowmen ◽  
Zurmiati

Abstract This study aims to evaluate the effects of adding nutrient solutions and different harvest ages to the productivity and quality of sorghum forage hydroponically. The study was conducted experimentally using a 3x3 factorial randomized block design with 5 groups. Factor A dose of commercial nutrient solution (0, 3, and 5 ml/l). Factor B is the age of harvest (7, 10, and 13 days). The observed variables were plant productivity, nutrient, fiber fraction, and Hydrogen cianide (HCN) content. The results showed that there was a very significant interaction (P<0.01) between the nutrient solution factor and the age of harvest on the content of dry matter (DM), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), ash, and nitrogen free extract (NFE), while the single factor of harvest age had a very significant effect (P<0.01) reducing the content of DM, CP, EE, and NFE. There was no interaction between the addition of nutrient solution and age of harvest to the content of fiber fractions. A single factor in nutrient solution significantly increased (P<0.01) content of acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), cellulose, and lignin, but not hemicellulose. The conclusion is the addition of a nutrient solution to increase growth and fresh production, the content of CF, ash, ADF, NDF, cellulose, lignin and HCN, but a decrease in the content of DM, CP, EE, and NFE. The longer the harvest age will increase growth and fresh production, the content of CF, ash, ADF, cellulose, lignin and HCN, but reduce DM, CP, EE, and NFE.


2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus Guerino Töfoli ◽  
Ricardo José Domingues ◽  
Walter Jacobelis Jr. ◽  
Marina Pacheco Lombardi Tortolo

ABSTRACT: Late blight (Phytophthora infestans ) is among the most important and destructive diseases in potato cultivation. Aiming to evaluate the efficacy of the new fungicide ametoctradin, mixed with dimethomorph and metiram, an experiment was carried out in commercial potato crops (Ágata cultivar) in Pilar do Sul, São Paulo state, Brazil, during the growing season in 2013. A randomized block design was used, with 4 replications, on plots of 15 m2. Applications were carried out using a backpack sprayer with a spray-bar under 3 bar of constant pressure. The application volume varied from 300 L to 600 L.ha-1 based on crop development. The variables evaluated were leaf severity (0 to 100%), area under the disease progress curve, and yield. Ametoctradin + dimethomorph (1.25 L.ha-1) provided significant control of late blight, exceeding benthiavalicarb + fluazinam, dimethomorph + metiram, dimethomorph + pyraclostrobin, cymoxanil + mancozeb, metalaxyl-M + mancozeb, ametoctradin + metiram, and pyraclostrobin + metiram, although similar to ametoctradin + dimethomorph (1.00 L.ha-1), fluopicolide + propamocarb, and fenamidone + propamocarb. Ametoctradin + metiram resulted in moderate control, which was always similar to the standard. Ametoctradin and its associations represent a new alternative for the management of potato late blight.


2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
CLEITON DALASTRA ◽  
MARCELO CARVALHO MINHOTO TEIXEIRA FILHO ◽  
PABLO FORLAN VARGAS

ABSTRACT A balanced periodicity of the nutrient solution flow is essential for better agronomic performances and low production costs in hydroponic systems. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of periodicity of exposure of lettuce plants to the nutrient solution in an NFT hydroponic system on the production, nutrition, and profitability of this crop. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with five replications. The treatments consisted of four periodicities of exposure of lettuce plants to the nutrient solution, consisting of intervals of 60, 30, and 15 minutes between pumping periods of 15 minutes; and uninterrupted flow of the nutrient solution. The plants were harvested at 30 days after transplanting, and 15 lettuce plants of each experimental plot were used to determine total fresh weight; root fresh weight; shoot freshweight; and contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in shoots, roots, and in the diagnostic leaf; accumulation of these nutrients in shoots and roots; and nitrate and ammonium contents in plant shoot. The highest production and profitability of lettuce were found using uninterrupted nutrient solution flow, which provided higher shoot and root nutrient contents to plants, and resulted in a better nutrient use efficiency.


2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Maria Ulfa ◽  
Hadi Pranoto ◽  
Susylowati Susylowati

This research aims to find out 1) the interaction between the medium of planting and the concentration of nutrient solutions to the growth and yield of celery plants hydroponically. 2) types of planting media that can give different influences on the growth and yield of celery plants, and 3) concentration of nutrient solution that provides the best growth and yield of celery plants in different planting media.The research was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020 at the Integrated Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture of Mulawarman University, Samarinda. The research used factorial exsperiment 3×4 on Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD), replicated three times with each treatment consisting of three plants. The first factor is the planting medium consisting of rockwool, charcoal husk, and combination of charcoal husk + tea amps. The second factor is the concentration of AB Mix nutrient solution consists of 500, 1,000, 1,500, and 2,000 ppm. The data was analyzed with test F and continued Least Significant Difference (LSD) test with a level of 5%.  The results showed that there is an interaction between planting media and concentration of nutrient solution in the growth and yield of celery plants. The interaction between the combination of charcoal planting media + tea pulp and concentration of 1,500 ppm is not real with the interaction of rockwool planting media and concentration of 1,500 ppm. From various types of planting media used, charcoal husk planting media provides the best influence on the growth and yield of celery plants. Based on polynomial orthogonal test the concentration of nutrient solution with an optimum point of 1,460.84 ppm affects the growth and yield of celery plants with a maximum dry weight of 2.14 g.


Irriga ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-96
Author(s):  
Fabio Tayrone Oliveira de Freitas ◽  
Tales Miler Soares ◽  
Mairton Gomes da Silva ◽  
Maria Raphaela Severo Rafael

CULTIVO DE ALFACE SOB INTERVALOS DE RECIRCULAÇÕES DAS SOLUÇÕES NUTRITIVAS EM SISTEMAS HIDROPÔNICOS USANDO ÁGUA SALOBRA     FABIO TAYRONE OLIVEIRA DE FREITAS1; TALES MILER SOARES1; MAIRTON GOMES DA SILVA1 E MARIA RAPHAELA SEVERO RAFAEL2   1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Núcleo de Engenharia de Água e Solo, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia-UFRB, Rua Rui Barbosa, 710 - Campus Universitário, CEP: 44380-000, Cruz das Almas-BA, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco-UNIVASF, Av. Antônio Carlos Magalhães, 510 Country Club, CEP: 48.902-300, Juazeiro-BA, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]     1 RESUMO   Objetivou-se no presente estudo avaliar o crescimento e a produção da alface usando água salobra sob diferentes intervalos de recirculações das soluções nutritivas em sistemas hidropônicos. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos concomitantemente em blocos casualizados com cinco repetições. Três cultivares de alface (‘Gloriosa’, ‘Robusta’ e ‘Tainá’) foram cultivadas no mesmo canal hidropônico, sob as seguintes interações: dois sistemas hidropônicos (NFT – técnica do fluxo laminar de nutrientes e DFT – técnica do fluxo profundo, ambos em tubos de PVC) e dois níveis de condutividade elétrica da água – CEa (0,3 e 5,3 dS m–1), no Experimento I; no Experimento II, os mesmos dois níveis de CEa e três intervalos de recirculações das soluções nutritivas (0,25; 2 e 4 h), apenas no sistema DFT. No Experimento I, em geral, os sistemas hidropônicos não promoveram mudanças significativas nas variáveis de crescimento e produção das alfaces. Para o Experimento II, foi viável adotar intervalos de recirculações das soluções de até 2 h (cultivar ‘Robusta’) e 4 h (cultivares ‘Gloriosa’ e ‘Tainá’) no sistema DFT em tubos. De modo geral, apesar das reduções no crescimento e produção da alface utilizando-se água salobra (CEa 5,3 dS m–1), não houve depreciação da qualidade visual do produto para comercialização.   Palavras-chave: Lactuca sativa L., cultivo sem solo, oxigênio dissolvido, salinidade, temperatura da solução nutritiva.     FREITAS, F. T. O.; SOARES, T. M.; SILVA, M. G.; RAFAEL, M. R. S. LETTUCE CULTIVATION UNDER DIFFERENT RECIRCULATION INTERVALS OF THE NUTRIENT SOLUTION IN HYDROPONIC SYSTEMS USING BRACKISH WATER     2 ABSTRACT   This study aimed to evaluate the growth and production of lettuce using brackish water under different recirculation intervals of the nutrient solution in hydroponic systems. Two experiments were conducted concomitantly, in a randomized block design with five replicates. Three lettuce cultivars (Gloriosa, Robusta and Tainá) were grown in the same hydroponic channel, under the following interactions: between two hydroponic systems (NFT – Nutrient Film Technique and DFT – Deep Flow Technique, both in PVC tubes) and two levels of electrical conductivity of water – ECw (0.3 and 5.3 dS m–1), in Experiment I; in Experiment II, between the same two levels of ECw (0.3 and 5.3 dS m–1) and three recirculation intervals of the nutrient solution (0.25, 2 and 4 h), only in the DFT system. In Experiment I, in general, hydroponic systems caused no significant changes in the growth and production variables of lettuce. For Experiment II, it was viable to adopt recirculation intervals of the nutrient solution of up to 2 h (cultivar Robusta) and 4 h (cultivars Gloriosa and Tainá) in the DFT system in tubes. Generally, despite the reductions in growth and production of lettuce using brackish water (ECw 5.3 dS m–1), but without deleterious effects on the visual quality of the product for commercialization.   Keywords: Lactuca sativa L., soilless cultivation, dissolved oxygen, salinity, nutrient solution temperature.


2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Dagiimaa Ivanov ◽  
Otgonbayar Baasansuren ◽  
Mayagmarsuren Yadamsuren ◽  
Ulziisaikhan Davaasambuu

Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by the ascomycete fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph S. tritici) is currently one of the most serious foliar disease of wheat in Mongolia and other world regions characterized by temperate and wet environment during growing season. Fifty-one  wheat genotypes with different resistance levels were evaluated in natural conditions for their reaction to S. tritici attack during 2017-2019 year. The experimental design was a randomized block design with two replications. Disease rating was visually recorded by using the scale (0-9) in two different times and crop stages (Z53-1/4 head out and Z70-milk development). There were also calculated the Septoria Progress Coefficient (SPC) and Area under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) for each wheat genotype evaluated. SPC was low for the higher genotypes comparatively with the shortest ones leading to the conclusion that disease progress is higher as plant height is low (r=-0.96**). The same aspect was also emphasized by the waek correlation between plants height and disease progress height (r=0.28**).The shortest genotypes showed higher necrosis percentage and AUDPC values. There was also a correspondence between genotype susceptibility and AUDPC showing that the most susceptible wheat cultivars recorded higher AUDPC values. The highest AUDPC values while Darkhan-201 (131), Darkhan-218 (163) and Omskau-36 (82) had the best resistance reaction to S. tritici attack. Зусах буудайн сортуудад септориоз (Septoria nodorum) өвчний тэсвэрлэлтийг үнэлсэн дүн Сүүлийн үеийн газар тариалангийн менежмент болон практик арга нь ээлжлэн тариалалтын сэлгээг баримтлахгүй жил дараалан үр тарианы ургамлыг тариалах болсон зэрэг нь навчны өвчлөл болон түрүүний өвчлөл ихсэх зүй тогтол ажиглагдаж байна. Талбайн нөхцөлд нийт 51 сортод септориоз өвчин тэсвэрлэлтийн үнэлгээг ерөнхий мөрддөг 0-9 баллаар буудайн түрүүлэлтээс, сүүн болц хүртлэх хугаанд ажиглалт хэмжилт хийсэн. Септориозийн тархалтын коэффициент (SPC), өвчний тархалтын муруй (AUDPC)-г тооцолсон. Септориоз өвчин тэсвэрээр Дархан-201, Дархан-217, Омская-36 сортууд тэсвэртэй ангилалд хамаарагдаж байна. Тэсвэртэй сортууд нь өртөмтгий сортууд өвчлөлийн хувьд 81.0-737.7 хэлбэлзэл ихтэй нь сортуудын хооронд ялгаа их байгааг өвчний тархалтын муруй нь (AUDPC) –ийн утга харуулж байна. Өвчний тархалтын муруй (AUDPC) нь ургамлын өндөр болон өвчлөлтийн өндрийн хязгаар (r=-0.78**) сөрөг хамааралтай. Харин  өвчний тархалтын хувь нь септориозийн тархалтын коэффициент (r=0.789**), өвчлөлтийн өндрийн хязгаартай (r=0.651**) нягт хамааралтай байна. Септориоз өвчний хор хөнөөлийн коэффициентыг гаргахад ургацыг 22.4-67.2%-иар бууруулаж байна. Септориоз өвчний халдвар ихсэх тусам ургацын бууралт нэмэгдэх зүй тогтол ажиглагдаж байна.  Түлхүүр үг: AUDPC, септориоз, өвчин тэсвэрлэлт, сорт


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