scholarly journals Thrips collected in watermelon crops in the semiarid of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewerton Marinho Costa ◽  
Maria Goretti Araújo de Lima ◽  
Rui Sales Junior ◽  
Adriano Cavalleri ◽  
Elton Lucio Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
First Report ◽  
Frankliniella Schultzei ◽  
Production Area

The aim of this research was to report the occurrence of two species of thrips in watermelon crops in the semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. From August to September 2011, we performed weekly sampling of thrips in a commercial watermelon production area with 10,000m2, using 20 Moericke traps. We captured a total of 431 thrips, belonging to Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom) (Thripidae) and Haplothrips gowdeyi (Franklin) (Phlaeothripidae). This is the first report of H. gowdeyi in watermelon crops in Brazil

scholarly journals Plant breeding in the semiarid region of Brazil: examples of success

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (spe) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Abílio de Queiroz ◽  
Levi de Moura Barros ◽  
Luiz Paulo de Carvalho ◽  
Jonas de Araújo Candeia ◽  
Edinardo Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Nut Production ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Naturally Colored Cotton

The Northeastern region of Brazil comprises the Caatinga biome (900,000 km²) part of which is a semiarid region with rainfed and irrigated production systems. Among the successful breeding programs are cashew and cotton. The first led to a substantial increase in nut production in Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte and Piauí and the second bred a naturally colored cotton fiber, now processed in small clothing industries in Paraiba, exporting to 11 countries. In the lower-middle São Francisco valley, the previously grown onion was replaced by improved varieties, on 90% of the production area, and by industrial tomato, introduced by research in 1972, which came to be used on more than 80% of the area at the time. The participation of the private sector and continuity of breeding programs were crucial for the success. More examples of success are expected with the establishment of postgraduate courses in Agricultural Sciences in the Semiarid region.

scholarly journals Botrytis porri in Onion Seed Crops and Onion Seed

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 1178-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. du Toit ◽  
M. L. Derie ◽  
T. Hsiang ◽  
G. Q. Pelter
Keyword(s):  
Natural Infection ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Species Determination ◽  
First Report ◽  
Plant Samples ◽  
Onion Seed ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Petri Plate ◽  
Seed Crops

Nine fields direct-seeded with onion (Allium cepa L.) were surveyed in central Washington in the spring and summer of 2001 for Botrytis species associated with onion seed crops produced in this semiarid region. Forty plants were sampled from each field in a ‘W’ pattern in April, and 20 plants were similarly sampled from each field in June and July. Each plant was placed in a separate plastic bag, stored at 4 ± 2°C for 3 to 5 weeks, sliced lengthwise using a knife sterilized with 70% ethyl alcohol, incubated in a moist chamber for 5 days, and examined under a dissecting microscope. Fungal growth resembling Botrytis spp. was transferred to acidified potato dextrose agar (PDA) for species identification based on colony morphology, rate of growth, and spore and sclerotium characteristics (3). Cultures were incubated on a laboratory bench at 24 ± 4°C with 8 to 16 h of daylight. A species resembling B. porri (3) was detected in 3 fields in April at an incidence ranging from 3 to 28%, and in 2 of the same 3 fields in each of June and July at incidences ranging from 5 to 10%. Infected plants were asymptomatic at the time of sampling. The isolates formed brown, cerebriform sclerotia and sporulated sparsely. Subsamples of seed harvested from each field were assayed for Botrytis spp. To detect internal infection, 400 seeds from each of the nine fields were soaked in 0.525% NaOCl for 60 s, triple-rinsed in sterile deionized water, air dried, placed on a selective agar medium (2) with 20 seed per 9-cm-diameter petri plate, and incubated at 24°C (12 h day/night) for 14 days. Seeds were examined 5, 10, and 14 days after plating, and fungi resembling Botrytis spp. were transferred to acidified PDA for species determination. Isolates resembling B. porri were detected in 0.75% of seed from two of the three fields in which this species was isolated from plant samples. The internal transcribed spacer 1 region of ribosomal DNA of four isolates of the putative B. porri (two from plant samples and two from seed) were sequenced, and all four sequences matched that of B. porri registered in GenBank (Accession No. Z99666) most closely. Botrytis porri is a pathogen of garlic (A. sativum L.), leek (A. porrum L.), and wild garlic (A. vineale L.), but can infect onion and shallot (A. ascalonicum L.) when inoculated on these hosts (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of natural infection of onion by B. porri, and the first report of seedborne B. porri on onion. References: (1) W. R. Jarvis. Pathology. Page 62 in: Botryotinia and Botrytis Species: Taxonomy, Physiology, and Pathogenicity. Canada Department of Agriculture, Monograph No. 15, 1977. (2) G. Kritzman and D. Netzer. Phytoparasitica 6:3, 1978. (3) A. H. Presly. Plant Pathol. 34:422, 1985.

scholarly journals First report of Dendrorchis retrobiloba Volonterio & Ponce de León, 2005 (Digenea, Gorgoderidae) in Astyanax aff. fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819) (Characiformes, Characidae) from southern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moisés Gallas ◽  
Laura Roberta Pinto Utz
Keyword(s):  
Ventral Sucker ◽  
Oral Sucker ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Swim Bladder ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
First Report ◽  
Astyanax Fasciatus

Dendrorchis retrobiloba Volonterio & Ponce de León, 2005 was first described from the swim bladder of Astyanax fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819) from Montevideo, Uruguay. In this study, we necropsied specimens of A. aff. fasciatus collected from Lake Guaíba, in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, for the analysis of their helminths. The digeneans were identified as D. retrobiloba by their elongated body, oral sucker longer than ventral sucker, and 2 posterior lobes. This is the first report of D. retrobiloba in A. aff. fasciatus from Lake Guaíba and extends the known geographic distribution of this parasite.

Erythroxylum pyan (Erythroxylaceae), a new species from the Brazilian semiarid region

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 383 (2) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
JAMES LUCAS DA COSTA-LIMA ◽  
EARL CELESTINO DE OLIVEIRA CHAGAS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Extensive Analysis ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
A New Species

Based on fieldwork and an extensive analysis of herbarium and type collections, a new species which grows in sedimentary soil in the Brazilian semiarid region, Erythroxylum pyan (Erythroxylaceae), is described here. The new species occurs in areas of hyperxerophilic caatinga in the states of Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, and Bahia. Erythroxylym pyan resemble E. nummularium, but can be distinguished by having slender branches, foliar stipules non-striated longitudinally, 2-setulose at apex, leaf blades membranous to slightly chartaceous, emarginate to retuse at apex, inflorescences with 1 flower per node, long, slender and erect pedicels, and calyx lobes cuspidate at apex. Additionally, a distribution map and data about its phenology, conservation status, and uses are provide.

scholarly journals Potato Silver Scurf Affected by Tuber Seed Treatments and Locations, and Occurrence of Fungicide Resistant Isolates of Helminthosporium solani

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Geary ◽  
Dennis A. Johnson ◽  
Philip B. Hamm ◽  
Steve James ◽  
Ken A. Rykbost
Keyword(s):  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Silver Scurf ◽  
Helminthosporium Solani ◽  
Columbia Basin ◽  
Thiophanate Methyl ◽  
First Report ◽  
Production Area

The effectiveness of various seed-tuber treatments was evaluated for control of silver scurf on potato (Solanum tuberosum), caused by Helminthosporium solani, at four locations in Washing-ton and Oregon using seed-tubers from the same source. Disease incidence was determined at harvest and following storage, and differed significantly among locations. The highest incidence of disease was observed at Redmond, OR and the lowest was at Hermiston, OR. Significantly less silver scurf occurred on progeny-tubers, regardless of location, when seed was treated with the fungicide treatments fludioxonil, fludioxonil + quintozene, azoxystrobin, or thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb compared with the nontreated control. A sample of H. solani from seed planted in the Columbia Basin of Washington and Oregon was assessed for resistance to thia-bendazole (TBZ) and thiophanate-methyl (TPM). Sensitivity of 20 isolates of H. solani to TBZ was determined on V8 media amended with TBZ. Four isolates, selected as a subset from the 20 isolates tested for TBZ sensitivity, were tested for resistance to TPM, mancozeb, and TPM + mancozeb on amended V8 media. Isolates differed significantly in sensitivity to both chemicals. Thirteen isolates out of the 20 tested were resistant to TBZ. One out of the four subsets of isolates was resistant to both TBZ and TPM. TBZ sensitivity was not related to geographic origin of the isolates. Variation in resistance was evident on a small scale as seen with one resistant and one sensitive isolate collected from the same tuber. This is the first report that silver scurf incidence is affected by location despite the same tuber-seed source and also the first report of TBZ and TPM resistant isolates of H. solani from the Columbia Basin (Oregon and Washington) production area.

A new species of Diomedenema (Nematoda, Rhabditida, Spiruromorpha) from Spheniscus magellanicus (Aves, Sphenisciformes) found on the southern coast of Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Knoff ◽  
J.N. Santos ◽  
E.G. Giese ◽  
D.C. Gomes ◽  
Â.T. Silva-Souza
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
First Report ◽  
Spheniscus Magellanicus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA new species of the genus Diomedenema, a spiruromorph nematode, collected from the lung of Spheniscus magellanicus (Sphenisciformes) found on the southern coast of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, is described. The new species is differentiated from the only previously described species of the genus, D. diomedeae Johston & Mawson, 1952, by males possessing a set of caudal papillae with three pairs of precloacal, two pairs of adcloacal and one pair of postcloacal papillae; precloacal papillae with the papillae of the first two pairs being closer to each other than those of the third pair; a longer and pointed tail in males; and females with the vulva at mid-body. This is the first report of a nematode infecting the lung of a sphenisciforme host.

scholarly journals First Report of Meloidogyne ethiopica and M. javanica in Rumex spp. in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Yánez Márquez ◽  
M. Divers ◽  
W. R. Silva ◽  
J. V. de Araújo Filho ◽  
C. B. Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
First Report ◽  
Meloidogyne Ethiopica

scholarly journals First Report of Pestalotiopsis clavispora Causing Leaf Spot of Carya illinoensis in Brazil

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 1826-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lazarotto ◽  
M. F. B. Muniz ◽  
T. Poletto ◽  
C. B. Dutra ◽  
E. Blume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
The State ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Carya Illinoensis ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
First Report

Conspicuous leaf spots in combination with fruit spots were observed for the first time in April and May 2010 on a 30-ha pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] orchard in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Initially, tiny grey spots were observed on leaves and, over time, the spots expanded to become gray to light brown circles surrounded by a dark brown border, followed by leaves falling. Eventually, fruits were also attacked, with typical symptoms beginning with tiny water soaked spots which then became necrotic. The disease was also observed in pecan nursery and field seedlings. Isolation of the pathogen from symptomatic leaves and morphological identification by conidia characters (number of cells, color, hyaline terminal cells, number of appendages) revealed Pestalotiopsis sp. (2) as the causal agent of the disease. Conidia constituted of transverse septa with four dark intermediate sections and two hyaline terminal sections. One of the terminal sections presented two or three apical appendages. Conidia averaged 6.88 μm wide × 31.00 μm long, not considering the apical appendages. Primers ITS 1 and ITS 4 were used to amplify the internal transcribes spacer ITS 1-5.8S-ITS 2 region. Nucleotide sequences were 99% similar to Pestalotiopsis clavispora (G.F. Atk.) Steyaert. Conidia produced on potato dextrose agar medium were used to inoculate 8 plants with a spore suspension of 2.0 × 106 conidia/ml. Eight additional plants were used as control (non-inoculated). The inoculation was performed by spraying the suspension onto the leaves of Pecan seedlings and the plants were incubated for 72 h in a humid chamber (1). All inoculated plants showed symptoms 25 days after inoculation and the fungus was reisolated. The pathogenicity test was repeated once. Ten more isolates collected from four different cities in the same state were identified as Pestalotiopsis spp. by morphological characterization and pathogenicity was confirmed. Because this disease causes losses on production of nuts indirectly by reducing photosynthetically active area when the pathogen attacks leaves and directly when attacking fruits, it may restrict the production where the pathogen occurs. On some orchards in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, the attack rate reached 80% of the plants. P. clavispora has been reported causing stem end-rot of avocado in Chile (3), but this note constitutes the first report, to our knowledge, of P. clavispora causing leaf spot on C. illinoensis in Brazil. References: (1) A. C. Alfenas and F. A. Ferreira. Page 117 in: Métodos em Fitopatologia. A. C Alfenas and R. G. Mafia (eds.). Editora: UFV, Viçosa, 2007. (2) S. S. N. Maharachchikumbura et al. Fungal Diversity 50:167, 2011. (3) A. L. Valencia et al. Plant Dis. 95:492, 2011.

scholarly journals First report of Psammolestes tertius Lent & Jurberg, 1965 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) in Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1109-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andressa Noronha Barbosa da Silva ◽  
Liléia Diotaiuti ◽  
Antonia Claudia Jácome da Câmara ◽  
Pedro Igor Câmara de Oliveira ◽  
Lúcia Maria Cunha Galvão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
First Report

We report the first known occurrence of Psammolestes tertius Lent & Jurberg, 1965 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. In 2009 and 2017, 2 adult specimens, a female and a male respectively, were collected at the Seridó Ecological Station, which is located in the municipality of Serra Negra do Norte. These records broadens the geographical distribution of P. tertius in Brazil and the biodiversity of triatomines in Rio Grande do Norte.

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