scholarly journals Assessment of soil loss vulnerability in data-scarce watersheds in southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 575-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Alonzo Steinmetz ◽  
Felício Cassalho ◽  
Tamara Leitzke Caldeira ◽  
Vinícius Augusto de Oliveira ◽  
Samuel Beskow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Agricultural Watersheds ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Soil Surveys

ABSTRACT Soil erosion is currently one of the main concerns in agriculture, water resources, soil management and natural hazards studies, mainly due to its economic, environmental and human impacts. This concern is accentuated in developing countries where the hydrological monitoring and proper soil surveys are scarce. Therefore, the use of indirect estimates of soil loss by means of empirical equations stands out. In this context, the present study proposed the assessment of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) with the aid of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing for two agricultural watersheds in southern Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil. Among all RUSLE factors, LS showed the closest patterns to the local when compared to the total annual soil loss, thus being a good indicator t of risk areas. The total annual soil loss varied from 0 to more than 100 t ha-1 yr-1, with the vast majority (about 65% of the total area) classified from slight to moderate rates of soil loss. The results estimated according to RUSLE indicated that over 10% of the study area presented very high to extremely high soil loss rates, thus requiring immediate soil conservation practices. The present study stands out as an important scientific and technical support for practitioners and decision-makers, being probably the first of its nature applied to extreme southern Brazil.

INTEGRATING SCAT DATA AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS TO SUPPORT SHORELINE CLEANUP OPERATIONS

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Lamarche ◽  
Edward H. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information System ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gis Technology

ABSTRACT An analysis of the work performed by the various teams involved in shoreline cleanup operations has been applied to the design of an approach for the integration of data collected by the SCAT process with electronic maps produced by geographical information system (GIS) technology. This has led to the implementation of a PC-based system that incorporates a database of SCAT information, a knowledge base on oil behavior and shoreline cleanup, and a GIS. The system provides support to data collection using the SCAT approach for field teams and to map-based data analysis for planners and managers. In the course of this work, a set of the maps that are considered the most useful for summarizing information about shoreline conditions was designed and evaluated. This evaluation initially involved consultation with individuals experienced in shoreline cleanup. The applicability of the map representation for decision making was further tested during spill drills. SCAT surveys generate a large volume of data that need to be captured and integrated. There is a risk that this large amount of information might overwhelm decision makers involved in the management of shoreline cleanup operations. The paper describes the various modifications that were made to the SHORECLEAN software package to provide some solutions to these problems. These include providing specialized SCAT data entry forms, automating the links between a SCAT database and a GIS, and producing map representations that provide clear, useful, and nonmisleading information for decision makers.

scholarly journals SIMULASI PEMANFAATAN LAHAN BERDASARKAN PENDUGAAN EROSI TANAH: STUDI KASUS SUB DAS MOWEWE DI DAS KONAWEHA SULAWESI TENGGARA

PERENNIAL ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Miranda R. Malamassam ◽  
Sandra E. Pakasi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Watershed Land Use ◽  
Great Responsibility

Sub watershed of Mowewe has been considered as important regions in South East Sulawesi because it takes a great responsibility as a water supplier in Konaweha watershed. Konaweha watershed is a source of irrigation and domestic water for Kolaka Regency, Konawe Regency, South Konawe Regency and Kendari Municipality which have been recently in a critical condition. For this reason, it should be well managed. This study was implemented with the aim of establishing model of land use in Mowewe sub watershed that can preserve the land and water resources. The method employs a system analysis with simulation technique by using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) model based on Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The result of the research revealed that the predicting soil erosion is 68,58 ton/ha/year, more than the Tolerable Soil Loss (TSL) value of 21,52 ton/ha/year. Therefore, restructuring of land use pattern should be done to improve the condition of the area to achieve a sustainability. Keywords : Watershed, land use, soil erosion, GIS

Effects of human occupation on soil loss over the past two millennia in the Teotihuacan Valley, central Mexico

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110477
Author(s):  
María Lourdes González-Arqueros ◽  
Armando Navarrete-Segueda ◽  
Lorenzo Vázquez-Selem ◽  
Emily McClung de Tapia
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
The Face

Soil erosion is one of the greatest risks worldwide for land degradation. Avoiding it is one of the greatest socio-environmental and economic challenges within sustainable development in connection with food production and maintenance of soil functions in the context of climate change. This study will allow us to answer how long-term occupation dynamics influenced by notable changes in the landscape have led to soil erosion through time. We used Geographical Information Systems to apply the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation to assess soil erosion on prehispanic and present occupation scenarios that differ in climate and land use management in the Teotihuacan Valley, central Mexico. We analyzed how a heterogeneous landscape and its occupation dynamics over the last two millennia were affected by soil erosion in order to identify which biophysical and anthropogenic components affect soil loss. The settlements extended during Aztec periods over previously forested hillslopes which caused an increase in erosion rates. The greatest soil loss occurred during the humid Aztec period, followed by the Modern period. The differences between average erosion and potential erosion of these periods demonstrate greater effectiveness in controlling erosion during the Aztec period. The most relevant factors involved were land use and soil management, followed by climate and support practices. Our results indicate that in the face of climatic variations, soil management has a significant impact, even greater than rain erosivity. Our results suggest that pre-Hispanic cultures in the highlands of central Mexico may have caused soil erosion at least at rates similar to or even higher than those at present. The comparisons of the scenarios enable researchers and decision makers to identify high-risk areas and to implement sustainable measures against soil erosion.

scholarly journals Mapping malaria risk using environmental and anthropic variables

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Edilberto Rincón-Romero ◽  
Julián Esteban Londoño
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Distributed Modeling ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Mapping Techniques ◽  
Climatic Information ◽  
Very High

Despite much research in the identification of areas with malaria, it is urgent to further investigate mapping techniques to achieve better approaches in strategies to prevent, mitigate, and eradicate the mosquito and the illness eventually. By using spatial distributed modeling techniques with Geographical Information Systems (GIS), the study proposes methodology to map malaria risk zoning for the municipality of Buenaventura in Colombia. The model proposed by Craig et al.¹ using climatic information was adapted to the conditions of the study area regarding scale and spatial resolution. Geomorphologic and anthropic variables were added to improve spatial allocation of areas with higher risk of contracting the illness, refining zoning. Then, they were contrasted with the locations reported by health entities², taking into account spatial distribution. The comparison of results shows a decrease in the area obtained initially using the Craig et al. model¹ (1999), from 5,422.4 km² (89.1% of the municipality's territory) to 624.3km² (approximately 10% of the municipality's area), yielding a total reduction of 78.8% when environmental and anthropic variables were included in the model. Data show that of the 9,863 cases reported during 2001 to 2005 for 20 selected towns as basis for the amount of surveyed malaria cases², 1,132 were located in the very high-risk areas, 7,662 were in the areas of moderate risk, and 1,066 cases in low-risk areas, showing that 89% of the cases reported fell into the areas with higher risk for malaria.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF TEMPORAL CHANGE OF LAND USE IN ELMALI BASIN USING REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W5-2021 ◽  
pp. 373-378
Author(s):  
H. Menteşe ◽  
A. Eymen
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Temporal Change ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing

Abstract. The sustainable use of water and soil, which are indispensable for living things, is closely related to the concept of land use. While land use is becoming gradually modern as a necessity of the age, urbanization and industrialization are also gaining great importance. So much so that, in Turkey, where agriculture-based economy was emphasized until the 1980s, interest in exports of industrial products has increased in recent years and industrial investments especially in the Marmara region have increased considerably. This situation has increased job opportunities due to the industrialization developing in the region and has led to an increase in the population in parallel. The structure process has accelerated in order to meet the needs of the increasing population.Basin areas, which contain a wide variety of classes, are among the regions that are highly affected by these changes. Within the scope of the study, Elmalı Basin, which is used to supply potable and utility water to the province of Istanbul, was chosen as the study area. Within the scope of the research, the temporal change of the land use in Elmalı Basin has been investigated by using Landsat-8 satellite with a spatial resolution of 30 meters for the years 2013, 2015, 2018 and 2020 taking advantage of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies. Classification was made with support vector machines, one of the controlled classification methods on satellite images, and the changes in land use were evaluated by comparing the images of working years.

scholarly journals Annotation Bibliography for Geographical Science Field

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Sukendra Martha ◽  
T Bayuni ◽  
A Riyani ◽  
E Faridl
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Science Field ◽  
Spatial Concepts ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Present Information

This annotated bibliography is gathered specially for the field of geography obtained from various scientific articles (basic concept in geography) of different geographical journals. This article aims to present information particulary for geographers who will undertake researches, and indeed need the geographical References with all spatial concepts. Other reason defeated by the rapid development of the branch of technical geography such as geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensing. It hopes that this bibliography can contribute of remotivating geographers to learn and review their original geographical thought.

scholarly journals Geo-online explanatory data visualization tools as crisis management and communication instruments

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Silvia Grandi ◽  
Anna Bernasconi
Keyword(s):  
Data Visualization ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
Available Information

Abstract. Communication during emergency and crises times is a critical aspect. When available information contains a spatial dimension, maps and interactive localization features may help conveying strong messages to audiences that are otherwise difficult to reach. The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted the design and implementation of a great number of online tools to communicate data of the disease spread and its dynamics that are helpful to support informed decisions for both people in their everyday life and decision makers. Observing this phenomenon has inspired this conceptualization of the geo-Online Explanatory Data Visualization (geo-OEDV) tools, set in the context of available geospatial information, of statistical visualisation tools and of the solid tradition of Geographical Information Systems. Blending classical statistical tools, digital cartography, and the confluence of many elements into a single screen, has produced the currently most spread geo-OEDV instance, i.e., the geo-dashboard and geo-infographics. In particular this paper conceptualises geo-OEDV as a category of meta-cartography that blends online communication with cartographic representation and management principles.

scholarly journals Aggregate Analysis of Site-Specific Pollution Problems: The Case of Groundwater Contamination from Agriculture

1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Opaluch ◽  
Kathleen Segerson
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
National Level ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Nonpoint Sources ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Local Decision Makers

Control of nonpoint sources of pollution has traditionally been within the domain of local decision makers in recognition of the critical importance of site-specific issues. More recently attention has turned to the issue of what can and should be done at the regional or national level, while recognizing the importance of site-specific attributes. This paper describes and illustrates an approach for analysis of nonpoint pollution problems that focuses jointly at the aggregate and disaggregate levels of the problem. The approach is based on linking two tools of analysis, the microparameter distribution model and the Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Although there are significant challenges to be overcome in implementing such an approach, linkage of these two policy tools has considerable promise in dealing with site-specific issues within an aggregate framework. Furthermore, GIS is potentially an important source of data for economists to exploit, given the momentum of GIS systems throughout the nation and given the relatively disaggregate nature of the data.

scholarly journals Changes in soil erosion and sediment transport based on the RUSLE model in Zhifanggou watershed, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 377 ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Ju Qian ◽  
Wen-Yan Qi ◽  
Sheng-Shuang Li ◽  
Jian-Long Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Terrain Parameters

Abstract. In this paper, changes of sediment yield and sediment transport were assessed using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). This model was based on the integrated use of precipitation data, Landsat images in 2000, 2005 and 2010, terrain parameters (slope gradient and slope length) and soil composition in Zhifanggou watershed, Gansu Province, Northwestern China. The obtained results were basically consistent with the measured values. The results showed that the mean modulus of soil erosion is 1224, 1118 and 875 t km−2 yr−1 and annual soil loss is 23 130, 21 130 and 16 536 in 2000, 2005 and 2010 respectively. The measured mean erosion modulus were 1581 and 1377 t km−2 yr−1, and the measured annual soil loss were 29 872 and 26 022 t in 2000 and 2005. From 2000 to 2010, the amount of soil erosion was reduced yearly. Very low erosion and low erosion dominated the soil loss status in the three periods, and moderate erosion followed. The zones classified as very low erosion were increasing, whereas the zones with low or moderate erosion were decreasing. In 2010, no zones were classified as high or very high soil erosion.

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