Biological performance of the predatory mite Neoseiulus idaeus (Phytoseiidae): a candidate for the control of tetranychid mites in Brazilian soybean crops

Abstract The soybean (Glycine max (L.): Fabaceae) is considered the most important agricultural crop in Brazil. Phytophagous tetranychid mites as Mononychellus planki McGregor, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher and T. urticae Koch have been considered pest in soybean crops. Neoseiulus idaeus Denmark & Muma (Phytoseiidae) is a predatory mite of T. ludeni and T. urticae. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biological performance of N. idaeus when fed on T. urticae, T. ludeni and M. planki, coming from the Northwest region of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The study was conducted in the laboratory with individual predators supplied with different preys. The mean duration (days) of N. idaeus egg-adult development was similar independently of supplied prey (T. ludeni - 5.29±0.03; M. planki - 5.34±0.05 and T. urticae - 5.23±0.03 days). Female viability was 90% when fed on M. planki and 100% when fed on T. ludeni and T. urticae. Mean fecundity of N. idaeus was lower when fed on M. planki (4.6±1.58 eggs/female) and higher when fed on T. ludeni (21.8±3.22) and T. urticae (26.2±2.41). The mean generation time (T) was lower when N. idaeus fed on M. planki than when fed on T. ludeni and T. urticae. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 4.42±0.49 on M. planki, 17.77±0.55 on T. ludeni and 20.59±0.48 on T. urticae. The innate capacity for increase (rm) was lower when N. idaeus was fed on M. planki (0.09) and higher when such predator was fed on T. ludeni (0.20) and T. urticae (0.22 females/females/day). These results demonstrated that N. idaeus is able to reach the complete development feeding on all the three tetranychid species. Mononychellus planki demonstrated to provide a sub-optimal diet if compared to T. ludeni and T. urticae.

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Influence of various preys in soybean and the biological performance of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (Phytoseiidae)

Systematic and Applied Acarology ◽

10.11158/saa.21.12.7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (10) ◽

pp. 1662

Author(s):

Maicon Toldi ◽

Marliza Beatris Reichert ◽

Priscila De Andrade Rode ◽

Liana Johann ◽

Noeli Juarez Ferla

Keyword(s):

Adult Stage ◽

Predatory Mite ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Neoseiulus Californicus ◽

Biological Parameters ◽

Transgenic Soybean ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Soybean Leaves ◽

Biological Performance

Mites and insects cause damage to soybean crops (Glycine max (L.): Fabaceae). Mononychellus planki McGregor, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Caliothrips phaseoli Hood (Insecta: Thripidae) have been mentioned as pests of soybean crops in Brazil, while Neoseiulus californicus McGregor (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is considered a generalist predatory mite. This work aimed to determine the biological parameters of N. californicus feeding on T. ludeni, M. planki and C. phaseoli on transgenic soybean leaves. Thirty N. californicus eggs were individually placed in arenas with T. ludeni, M. planki and C. phaseoli. Egg-to-adult duration (in days) was longest when fed T. ludeni (5.52±0.06) and shortest when fed C. phaseoli (4.89±0.06). Mean fertility was approximately 32 eggs/female and did not differ significantly when N. californicus fed on T. ludeni or M. planki. During the adult stage, N. californicus did not lay eggs when feeding on C. phaseoli and survived for only a few days. The net reproductive rate (Ro) of N. californicus was larger when fed T. ludeni (20.30±0.68) than M. planki (14.66±0.29). Both M. planki and T. ludeni were suitable prey for N. californicus, while C. phaseoli was not.

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Feeding preference and predation rate of Neoseiulus idaeus(Acari: Phytotseiidae) feeding on different preys

Systematic and Applied Acarology ◽

10.11158/saa.21.12.4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (10) ◽

pp. 1631

Author(s):

Marliza Beatris Reichert ◽

Maicon Toldi ◽

Noeli Juarez Ferla

Keyword(s):

Control Program ◽

Predation Rate ◽

Feeding Preference ◽

Predatory Mite ◽

Oviposition Site ◽

Agricultural Crop ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Neoseiulus Idaeus ◽

Prey Stage Preference

Soybean (Glycine max (L.): Fabaceae) is considered the most important agricultural crop in Brazil. Phytophagous tetranychid mites such as Mononychellus planki McGregor, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher, and T. urticae Koch are considered pests of soybean crops. Neoseiulus idaeus Denmark & Muma (Phytoseiidae) is a predatory mite of T. ludeni and T. urticae. This study aimed at analyzing the feeding preference of N. idaeus among three types of prey (M. planki, T. ludeni, and T. urticae), its prey-stage preference, and its predation rate under controlled conditions. During immature stages of N. idaeus, we carried out observations to monitor predator survival and to ensure food availability (eggs and different prey stages) throughout the study period. Neoseiulus idaeus preferred T. urticae compared to T. ludeni and M. planki, and it preferred T. ludeni compared to M. planki. This predator preferred T. urticae and T. ludeni when compared to leaves without prey; however, when analyzed with M. planki and leaves without prey, it showed no preference. Regarding oviposition site, T. urticae was preferred over T. ludeni or M. planki. However, between T. ludeni and M. planki, N. idaeus preferred T. ludeni. This predator preferred to oviposit where T. urticae and T. ludeni were located instead of leaves without prey. However, when it was assessed with M. planki and on dry leaves without prey, there was no preferred oviposition site. These results show a strong preference for T. urticae as food; however, in the absence of this prey, N. idaeus feeds on T. ludeni and M. planki. In all immature stages and as adults, N. idaeus preferred T. urticae eggs. In protonymphal, deutonymphal, and adult stages it also consumed prey larvae and nymphs. Only adult N. idaeus consumed adult prey. The total predation rate for eggs, larvae, nymphs, and adults of T. urticae was 55.9%, 14.34%, 22.11%, and 7.65%, respectively. The average lifespan of females of this predator was 16.07 days, when they consumed 3.05 prey/female/day. These results suggest that N. idaeus has potential to be used in an applied biological control program for T. urticae.

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Life cycle of the predatory mite Cheyletus malaccensis (Acari: Cheyletidae) fed on Poultry Red Mite Dermanyssus gallinae (Acari: Dermanyssidae)

Systematic and Applied Acarology ◽

10.11158/saa.22.9.9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 1422 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maicon Toldi ◽

Daiâni Cristina Cardoso Faleiro ◽

Guilherme Liberato Da Silva ◽

Noeli Juarez Ferla

Keyword(s):

Predatory Mite ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Poultry Red Mite ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

The Mean ◽

Cheyletus Malaccensis ◽

Capacity For Increase

This study evaluated the biological characteristics of predatory mite Cheyletus malaccensis fed on Dermanyssus gallinae at different temperatures. The study started with thirty individual eggs of C. malaccensis each isolated in an experimental unit, which developed throughout their life stages while feeding on D. gallinae at each temperature tested (20ºC, 25ºC and 30±1ºC and 80±5% relative humidity). Emerged adult females were not mated, thus producing only male offspring (arrhenotoky). Fecundity was the highest at 25°C (415.62±24.78 eggs/female) and lowest at 20°C followed at 30ºC. The mean length of a generation did not displayed difference among the three temperatures, but the net reproductive rate (Ro), innate capacity for increase (rm) finite increase rate (λ) were significantly higher at 30°C and lower at 20°C. Cheyletus malaccensis was able to develop and reproduce successfully when fed D. gallinae, and the optimum temperature for development, fertility and survival was 25°C. Our findings proved that C. malaccensis might be a natural enemy of D. gallinae, because it was able to develop and reproduce while feeding exclusively on this ectoparasite.

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Life Tables of Two-Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its Predator Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Journal of Bio-Science ◽

10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3733 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M Fazlul Hoque ◽

W Islam ◽

M Khalequzzaman

Keyword(s):

Tetranychus Urticae ◽

Generation Time ◽

Development Time ◽

Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Finite Capacity ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Mean ◽

Capacity For Increase

Life table of Tetranychus urticae and Phytoseiulus persimilis on bean leaflets were studied under laboratory conditions in three seasons. For T. urticae the development time from egg to adult varied from 7 to 24 days and the highest immature mortality was 78.70 % in winter. Eggs laid by females were 88.1 eggs in autumn and 70.6 eggs in summer season. The gross reproductive rate (GRR) was the highest (65.51) in autumn and 52.50 in summer. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was the highest (15.862) in autumn and 8.916 in summer. The intrinsic rates of increase (rm) and finite capacity for increase (λ) reached maximal values (0.1873 and 1.206) in autumn, whereas minimal values (0.056 and 1.058) were in winter season. The mean generation time (T) was the shortest in summer and double (3.701) days in autumn. The development time of P. persimilis from egg to adult varied from 5 to 14 days. The highest immature mortality was 60% in summer. Eggs laid by females were 39.4 eggs in autumn and 30.2 eggs in summer. The gross reproductive rate (GRR) was the highest (31.4) in autumn and 24.0 in summer. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was the highest (10.573) in autumn and 8.460 in winter. The intrinsic rates of increase (rm) and finite capacity for increase (λ) reached maximal values (0.1823 and 1.200) in summer, whereas minimal values (0.1025 and 1.108) were in winter. The mean generation time (T) was the shortest in summer. The results suggested that P. persimilis could develop and reproduce within a wide range of temperatures. Key words: Tetranychus urticae, Phytoseiulus persimilis, immature mortality, intrinsic rates of increase, reproductive rate, Survival DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3733 J. bio-sci. 16: 1-10, 2008

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Effects of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam on the development and reproduction of the soybean aphid Aphis glycines

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0250311 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. e0250311

Author(s):

Aonan Zhang ◽

Lin Zhu ◽

Zhenghao Shi ◽

Tianying Liu ◽

Lanlan Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Soybean Aphid ◽

Aphis Glycines ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Control Group ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

The Mean

The soybean aphid Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a primary pest of soybeans and poses a serious threat to soybean production. Our studies were conducted to understand the effects of different concentrations of insecticides (imidacloprid and thiamethoxam) on A. glycines and provided critical information for its effective management. Here, we found that the mean generation time and adult and total pre-nymphiposition periods of the LC50 imidacloprid- and thiamethoxam-treatment groups were significantly longer than those of the control group, although the adult pre-nymphiposition period in LC30 imidacloprid and thiamethoxam treatment groups was significantly shorter than that of the control group. Additionally, the mean fecundity per female adult, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, and finite rate of increase of the LC30 imidacloprid-treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group and higher than those of the LC50 imidacloprid-treatment group (P < 0.05). Moreover, both insecticides exerted stress effects on A. glycines, and specimens treated with the two insecticides at the LC50 showed a significant decrease in their growth rates relative to those treated with the insecticides at LC30. These results provide a reference for exploring the effects of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam on A. glycines population dynamics in the field and offer insight to agricultural producers on the potential of low-lethal concentrations of insecticides to stimulate insect reproduction during insecticide application.

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Biology and life-table of Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) athenas (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed with the Old World Date Mite, Oligonychus afrasiaticus (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Acarologia ◽

10.24349/acarologia/20184229 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 52-61

Author(s):

Samah Ben Chaaban ◽

Brahim Chermiti ◽

Serge Kreiter

Keyword(s):

Life Table ◽

Intrinsic Rate ◽

Phoenix Dactylifera ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Old World ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Mean

The old world date mite Oligonychus afrasiaticus is an important spider mite pest of the date palms Phoenix dactylifera L. mostly in North Africa and the Middle East. A population of the predaceous mite Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) athenas has been recently found in Tunisia in association with a decrease of O. afrasiaticus densities. The objective of this paper was to assess the development and reproduction abilities of T. ( A.) athenas on O. afrasiaticus under laboratory conditions at two temperatures: 27 and 32 °C. The results obtained show that females of T. (A.) athenas develop in 5 days at 27 °C and 4.1 days at 32 °C. The mean fecundity of T. (A.) athenas was 32.1 and 23.2 eggs per female at 27 and 32 °C, respectively. Life table parameters were stimated: the net reproductive rate (Ro) 27.9 and 17.9 eggs/female, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) 0.322 and 0,344 female/female/day and the mean generation time (T) 10.3 and 8.4 days at 27 and 32 °C, respectively. At both temperatures tested, T. (A.) athenas intrinsic rate of increase was greater than that of O. afrasiaticus (rm = 0.213 at 32 °C,against rm = 0.166 day1 at 27 °C). Typhlodromus (A.) athenas would be able to develop at a wide range of temperatures feeding on O. afrasiaticus and seems to be able to potentially control it.

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Phytophagy of the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas, 1851) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) fed on prey and Brassicaceae

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.16615 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

pp. 703-709 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. F. J. Grigolli ◽

M. M. Kubota Grigolli ◽

D. G. Ramalho ◽

A. L. Martins ◽

A. M. Vacari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Generation Time ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Egg Mass ◽

Reproductive Parameters ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Laboratory Rearing ◽

Males And Females ◽

The Mean ◽

Heteroptera Pentatomidae ◽

Alternative Diet

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the development and reproduction of the zoophytophagous predator Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) fed kale, broccoli and cabbage affects its. Nymphs and adults of this predator were fed on larvae of Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) as prey with kale, cabbage, or broccoli. In the nymph period, the duration and prey consumption were similar with all the Brassicacea cultivar. However, nymph viability was higher for predators with broccoli leaves. The mean weight of 5th-instar nymphs, newly emerged females and the sex ratio were similar among the Brassicacea cultivars, while newly emerged males were heavier with kale and broccoli leaves. The supply of broccoli leaves resulted in greater oviposition, higher number of eggs per egg mass and longer longevity of P. nigrispinus males and females. Furthermore, the consumption of P. xylostella larvae by adult predators was higher with these cultivars. The net reproductive rate (R0) and mean generation time (T) were highest for predators with prey and broccoli leaves. The reproductive parameters of P. nigrispinus were enhanced when fed on P. xylostella larvae with and broccoli leaves, which can be an alternative diet in laboratory rearing of this predator.

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Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Tables of the Predatory Mite Cheyletus Malaccensis Oudemans at Different Temperatures

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11030181 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 181

Author(s):

Weiwei Sun ◽

Miao Cui ◽

Liyuan Xia ◽

Qing Yu ◽

Yang Cao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intrinsic Rate ◽

Predatory Mite ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Life Tables ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Acarus Siro ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Cheyletus Malaccensis

Cheyletus malaccensis Oudemans is a predatory mite inhabiting grain depots in China. The relationship between temperature and the population growth rate of C. malaccensis is useful for predicting its population dynamics. Age-stage, two-sex life tables of the predator, C. malaccensis, reared on Acarus siro were constructed under laboratory conditions at 22, 24, 28, 30, and 32 °C, 75% relative humidity, and a 0:24 h (L:D) photoperiod. Increasing temperature shortened the development time of the immature stages. The complete generation time of C. malaccensis ranged from 11.10 d to 27.50 d. Life table parameters showed that 28 °C was the optimum temperature for the growth and development of C. malaccensis; populations could increase rapidly at this temperature. The highest net reproductive rate (R0 = 290.25) and highest fecundity (544.52) occurred at 28 °C. Temperature significantly affected the intrinsic rate of increase (r), fecundity, and finite rate of increase (λ). The values of age-specific fecundity (high to low) were 28 °C > 24 °C > 30 °C > 32 °C > 22 °C, while the values of age-stage-specific fecundity had the same trend.

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Biotic potential, fertility and life table ofSpodoptera albula (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), under controlled conditions

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/0001-3765201402812 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 723-732 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

DÉBORA G. MONTEZANO ◽

ALEXANDRE SPECHT ◽

DANIEL R. SOSA-GÓMEZ ◽

VÂNIA F. ROQUE-SPECHT ◽

TARCISO M. BORTOLIN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Table ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Strong Negative Correlation ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Biotic Potential ◽

Controlled Conditions ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

The Mean

This study aimed to evaluate the biotic potential, life table parameters and fertility of Spodoptera albula (Walker, 1857) under controlled conditions (25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% RH and 14 hour photo phase). The longevity, pre, post and oviposition periods, fecundity and fertility of 13 couples were evaluated. The longevity of females (13.500 days) was significantly higher than those of males (11.154 days). The mean durations of the pre, post and oviposition periods were 2.615, 1.769 and 9.385 days, respectively. The mean fecundity was 1.417.69 eggs and mean fertility was 1.340.401 larvae, per female. On average, females copulated 1, 231 times. A strong positive correlation was observed between the number of copulations and fecundity (r = 0.847, p <0.001), as well as a strong negative correlation between the number of copulations and the duration of the pre-oviposition period (r = -0.762, p = 0.002), and longevity (r = -0.788, p = 0.001). The biotic potential of S. albula was estimated at 8.768 x 1022 individuals / female / year. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 353,904 times per generation and the mean generation time (T) was 37.187 days. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 1,105, with a finite rate of increase (λ) of 3,019.

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A life table analysis to evaluate biological control of banks grass mite using the predatory mite, Galendromus flumenis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Systematic and Applied Acarology ◽

10.11158/saa.22.1.2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fatemeh Ganjisaffar ◽

Thomas M. Perring

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Intrinsic Rate ◽

Developmental Time ◽

Predatory Mite ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Banks Grass Mite

The predatory mite, Galendromus flumenis (Chant) (Acari: Phytoseiidae), has shown promising traits for biological control of Banks grass mite, the major pest of date palms in California. In the present study, reproduction and population growth parameters of G. flumenis on Banks grass mite eggs were studied at 34ºC, 50±10% RH and a photoperiod of 16: 8 (L: D) hours. 100 percent of eggs hatched and 63.5 percent of the emerged larvae survived to adulthood. The total immature developmental time was 5.7 and 5.5 days for females and males, respectively. The sex ratio of G. flumenis was 0.70 (females/ females+ males). Mated females laid on average 1.6 eggs per day and 19.9 eggs during their mean ovipositional period of 12.5 days. The net reproductive rate (R0) was 11.5 females/ female/ generation, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.200 females/ female/ day, the finite rate of increase (λ) was 1.222 population multiplication/ day, the mean generation time (T) was 12.2 days, and the doubling time (DT) was 3.5 days. The lower rm value of G. flumenis than that of its prey (0.24–0.48) explains why Banks grass mite escapes control by G. flumenis in field. These results suggest that augmentative release of this predator would offset the lower rm of the predator, thereby contributing to the control of Banks grass mite. Combined with the benefit of early releases determined in companion studies, future field studies with G. flumenis are being planned.

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