scholarly journals Performance of the Dot-blot test method for detecting antibodies to Sarcocystis spp. in cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-388
Author(s):  
Maiara S.T. Ferreira ◽  
Fagner D. Fernandes ◽  
Marta E.M. Alves ◽  
Patricia Bräunig ◽  
Luis A. Sangioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Sarcocystis Spp ◽  
Cattle Serum ◽  
Antibody Tests ◽  
Gold Standard Technique

ABSTRACT: Serological techniques can detect antibodies against Sarcocystis spp., Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antigens in single or mixed infections. Immunofluorescent antibody tests (IFAT) is considered the gold standard technique for Sarcocystosis diagnostic in cattle serum and a positive IFAT result reflects Sarcocystis spp. infection. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to compare IFAT and Dot-blot for sarcocystosis diagnostic in experimentally infected mice and to investigate serological cross-reactions with N. caninum and T. gondii in these methods. Mice (Mus musculus) were inoculated intraperitoneally with bradizoites of Sarcocystis spp. or tachyzoites of N. caninum or T. gondii. Serum samples were obtained and analyzed by IFAT and Dot-blot for the three protozoa. Serum from N. caninum and T. gondii experimentally infected mice were tested by IFAT and reacted only to N. caninum or T. gondii antigens, respectively. Specific antibodies against Sarcocystis spp. were present in all animals experimentally infected with this protozoan, with IFAT titers from 10 to 800. Serum samples from mice experimentally infected with Sarcocystis spp., N. caninum and T. gondii and tested by Dot-blot demonstrated no cross reaction between protozoa. A Dot-blot using Sarcocystis spp. antigen appears to be a good alternative to IFAT in the serological diagnosis of Sarcocystosis.

scholarly journals Antibodies against Neospora caninum, Sarcocystis spp. and Toxoplasma gondii detected in buffaloes from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 947-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza P. Portella ◽  
◽  
Gustavo C. Cadore ◽  
Marcelo de Lima ◽  
Luís A. Sangioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Sarcocystis Spp

ABSTRACT: The presence of antibodies against Neospora caninum, Sarcocystis spp. and Toxoplasma gondii was evaluated in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from Rio Grande do Sul state (RS), southern Brazil. Serum samples (n=220) were analyzed for antibodies by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Antibody presence was considered when the titers were equal or higher than 100 for these protozoa. A total of 60.5% (133/220) buffalo serum samples were positive for at least one of the protozoa evaluated in this study. Antibodies for N. caninum, Sarcocystis spp. and T. gondii were found in 36.4% (80/220), 25.5% (56/220) and 16.8% (37/220) of the buffaloes respectively, indicating a higher frequency of N. caninum infection (p=0.0133). The IFAT is a suitable method to diagnose N. caninum, Sarcocystis spp. and T. gondii infection in buffaloes for detecting IgG antibodies. This study demonstrates the presence of these three protozoa in buffalo herds in RS, Brazil, which may be source of infection to other animals. The high frequency of animals positive for N. caninum is important and could be related to reproductive problems. Additionally, the presence of Sarcocystis spp. and T. gondii in buffaloes can be a possible public health issue.

Evaluation of frequency of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii,Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis spp. and transmission routes in sheep from Humid Pampa, Argentina

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanina P. Hecker ◽  
Fernando Mogaburu Masson ◽  
Joaquín I. Armendano ◽  
Juan Cora ◽  
Carlos Flores Olivares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Transmission Route ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Adult Sheep ◽  
Sarcocystis Spp ◽  
Serological Status ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe the frequency of ovine specific antibodies toToxoplasma gondii,Neospora caninumandSarcocystisspp. and to estimate different transmission routes of these infections. One hundred and thirty Texel sheep and their 117 Texel lambs were included in the study. Serum samples were tested for antibodies toT.gondii,N.caninumandSarcocystisspp. using IFAT.Toxoplasma gondiiseroprevalence was 10.00% in sheep (IC95%: 4.80–15.20%), being higher in adult sheep (≥12 year) than in younger sheep (OR 1.30; 95% CI, 1.10–1.50).N.caninumandSarcocystisspp. seroprevalences were 1.54% (IC95%: 0.00–5.70) and 72.09% (IC95%: 67.70–82.70), respectively, with no association between age and seropositivity in sheep (P>0.05).T.gondiiseroprevalence in lambs was 4.27% (IC95%: 0.61–7.94). No association betweenT.gondiiserological status in sheep and their lambs was detected (P= 0.07). TwoT.gondiiandSarcocystisspp. seropositive lambs were euthanized andT.gondiiandSarcocystisspp. DNA was detected by PCR in their tissues. In conclusion, the increase ofT.gondiiseropositivity in relationship with sheep age and the lack of association between sheep-lamb serological status, suggest that horizontal infection is the main transmission route in this flock as reported before. Due to the low number ofN.caninum-seropositive ewes no assumptions can be done about the impact of this parasite in this flock. According with previous reports, the main transmission route forSarcocystisspp. in this species in the present study was horizontal.

Diagnostic significance of Neospora caninum DNA detected by PCR in cattle serum

2006 ◽  
Vol 142 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. McInnes ◽  
Una M. Ryan ◽  
Ryan O’Handley ◽  
Heinz Sager ◽  
David Forshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Cattle Serum

scholarly journals A ten-year follow-up of human leptospirosis in Uruguay: an unresolved health problem

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Schelotto ◽  
Elba Hernández ◽  
Sabina González ◽  
Alicia Del Monte ◽  
Silvana Ifran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Male ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Major Factors

Leptospira spp. are delicate bacteria that cannot be studied by usual microbiological methods. They cause leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease transmitted to humans through infected urine of wild or domestic animals. We studied the incidence of this disease in the Uruguayan population, its epidemiologic and clinical features, and compared diagnostic techniques. After examining 6,778 suspect cases, we estimated that about 15 infections/100,000 inhabitants occurred yearly, affecting mainly young male rural workers. Awareness about leptospirosis has grown among health professionals, and its lethality has consequently decreased. Bovine infections were probably the principal source of human disease. Rainfall volumes and floods were major factors of varying incidence. Most patients had fever, asthenia, myalgias or cephalalgia, with at least one additional abnormal clinical feature. 30-40% of confirmed cases presented abdominal signs and symptoms, conjunctival suffusion and altered renal or urinary function. Jaundice was more frequent in patients aged > 40 years. Clinical infections followed an acute pattern and their usual outcome was complete recovery. Laboratory diagnosis was based on indirect micro-agglutination standard technique (MAT). Second serum samples were difficult to obtain, often impairing completion of diagnosis. Immunofluorescence was useful as a screening test and for early detection of probable infections.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of major infectious causes of dairy cattle reproductive problems in central Ethiopia 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohannes Equar Messele ◽  
Gebrerufael Girmay ◽  
Bezina Arega Emeru ◽  
Shelema Kelbesa Bora ◽  
Workitu Firomsa Gudeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Combined Infection ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Reproductive problem is one of the main constraints of livestock genetic improvement efforts in tropical countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of major infectious causes of reproductive problems of dairy cattle in selected dairy farms in central Ethiopia. Overall 86 serum samples were collected from October 2018 to February 2019 from animals with history of reproductive problems. The collected serum was tested for antibody titer against Brucella species, Neospora caninum, Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and Q-fever using rose-bengal and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests. Result Among the animals with the history of reproductive disordered; abortion, still birth and repeat breeding cases were found in 61.6%, 19.8% and 18.6%, respectively. The prevalence of IBR, BVD, Neospora caninum and Coxiella brunetti was found to be 79.1%, 38.4%, 3.5% and 1.2%, respectively. The combined infection of both BVD and IBR were detected in 21% of animals. Out of the total animals examined in this study, 95.9% of Jersey breeds were found seropositive to IBR than Boran-Friesian crosses (57.7%). The incidence of BVD was significantly higher in Boran-Friesian crossbred cattle than in Jersey which was found to be 69.3% and 14.3, respectively. The prevalence of IBR and BVD was directly proportional with age of the animal and parity. Conclusion Vaccination against IBR and BVD is not practiced in Ethiopia, the rising level of those diseases in dairy sector needs regular surveillance and control program.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a commercial Erns-capture ELISA for detection of BVDV in routine diagnostic cattle serum samples

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaruwan Kampa ◽  
Karl Ståhl ◽  
Lena HM Renström ◽  
Stefan Alenius
Keyword(s):  
Serum Samples ◽  
Capture Elisa ◽  
Cattle Serum

scholarly journals Presence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Leishmania infantum in dogs from Piauí

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Gomes Lopes ◽  
Ivete Lopes Mendonça ◽  
Kleber Portela Fortes ◽  
Marcos Amaku ◽  
Hilda de Fátima Jesus Pena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
And Gender

This study aimed to evaluate the presence of antibodies against Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii and Leishmania infantum in dogs attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Piauí, Northeastern Brazil, where there are no reports of the occurrence of N. caninum and T. gondii in dogs. Serum samples from 530 dogs of genders, different ages and breeds from the municipality of Teresina and nearby towns were analyzed using three indirect fluorescent antibody tests, each one targeting one of the three agents. The associations between the parasites and gender, breed and age of the dogs were assessed by the chi-square test (p > 0.05). The occurrence of antibodies to N. caninum, T. gondii and L. infantum was 3.2, 18.0 and 78.1%, respectively. Toxoplasma gondii was more frequently found in older dogs (p < 0.05) whereas L. infantum was more common in animals aged between 1 to 3 years (p < 0.05). In order to evaluate potential associations between the presence of anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii antibodies and Leishmania infection, 240 dogs were selected (120 positive and 120 negative for Leishmania spp.), based on serological and parasitological diagnoses. No association was found between Leishmania spp. and the coccidian parasites (p > 0.05). The results confirm the exposure of dogs to these parasites in the State of Piauí.

scholarly journals Evidence of Neospora caninum exposure among native Korean goats (Capra hircus coreanae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 637-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
BY Jung ◽  
SH Lee ◽  
D. Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Control

Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that causes abortion in ruminants, including goats. The objective of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of N. caninum in native Korean goats (Capra hircus coreanae). A commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to analyse 464 serum samples for the presence of N. caninum antibodies. Four samples (0.9%, 95% confidence intervals &ndash; CI: 0.0&ndash;1.7) were found to be positive for N. caninum antibodies. The seroprevalence was analysed according to age (less than to one year, young; more than or equal one year, adult; and unknown), sampling season (April to September, warm; October to March, cold), and region (northern, central, and southern). However, there were no statistically significant differences in seroprevalence according to age, season, and region (P &gt; 0.05). This is the first report on the seroprevalence of N. caninum in native Korean goats. The results of this study indicate a nationwide distribution of N. caninum among goats, with a relatively low prevalence. Therefore, the implementation of integrated control strategies as well as measures for prevention and control of N. caninum infection among goats is recommended.

Measurement of Bone Mineral Density

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Nicola Peel
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Risk Categories ◽  
Gold Standard Technique

The development of techniques to measure BMD enables individuals at high risk of osteoporotic fracture to be identified, and their response to treatment to be ascertained. Measurement of the spine and proximal femur by DXA is currently the gold standard technique, but peripheral skeletal measurements using QUS and x-ray based techniques are under evaluation. At the present time measurements should be targeted to individuals within high risk categories in whom knowledge of BMD may influence management. Further development of both diagnostic and therapeutic strategies will require modification of current practice in the future.

scholarly journals Isolated Arthroscopic Radial Styloidectomy: The Three-Portal Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 353-356
Author(s):  
Guillaume Herzberg ◽  
Marion Burnier
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Current Gold Standard ◽  
Clear View ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Portal Technique ◽  
Gold Standard Technique ◽  
Technical Trick

Abstract Background The current gold-standard technique for radial styloidectomy is arthroscopic. The use of only two dorsal portals may not allow a crystal-clear view of the dorsal arthritic rim of the radius because of the dorsal capsule synovitis. Objectives To propose a new technique for isolated arthroscopic radial styloidectomy. The addition of a volar radial portal and a sequential procedure are presented. Patients and Methods Two trochars for alternatively viewing from volar radial or 3–4 are used. A 1–2 portal is used for instrumentation with a motorized burr. We have been using the three-portal technique in 34 cases (26 isolated). Results This modification of the classic arthroscopic radial styloidectomy is technically easy and the view of the dorsal rim of the radius provides a clear definition and treatment of the dorso-radial arthritic pathology. Conclusions The authors recommend this technical trick to perform an easy and comprehensive isolated palliative or curative arthroscopic radial styloidectomy.

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