scholarly journals Initial Recovery of Organic Matter of a Grass-Covered Constructed Soil after Coal Mining

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Otávio dos Anjos Leal ◽  
Rosa Maria Vargas Castilhos ◽  
Luiz Fernando Spinelli Pinto ◽  
Eloy Antonio Pauletto ◽  
Elisa Souza Lemes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Initial Recovery

scholarly journals Organic Matter Fractions and Quality of the Surface Layer of a Constructed and Vegetated Soil After Coal Mining. I - Humic Substances and Chemical Characterization

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 886-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otávio dos Anjos Leal ◽  
Rosa Maria Vargas Castilhos ◽  
Eloy Antonio Pauletto ◽  
Luiz Fernando Spinelli Pinto ◽  
Flávia Fontana Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Chemical Fractions

After open coal mining, soils are “constructed”, which usually contain low levels and quality of organic matter (OM). Therefore, the use of plant species for revegetation and reclamation of degraded areas is essential. This study evaluated the distribution of carbon (C) in the chemical fractions as well as the chemical characteristics and humification degree of OM in a soil constructed after coal mining under cultivation of perennial grasses. The experiment was established in 2003 with the following treatments: Hemarthria altissima (T1), Paspalum notatum (T2), Cynodon dactilon (T3), Urochloa brizantha (T4), bare constructed soil (T5), and natural soil (T6). In 2009, soil samples were collected from the 0.00-0.03 m layer and the total organic carbon stock (TOC) and C stock in the chemical fractions: acid extract (CHCl), fulvic acid (CFA), humic acid (CHA), and humin (CHU) were determined. The humic acid (HA) fraction was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and the laser-induced fluorescence index (ILIF) of OM was also calculated. After six years, differences were only observed in the CHA stocks, which were highest in T1 (0.89 Mg ha-1) and T4 (1.06 Mg ha-1). The infrared spectra of HA in T1, T2 and T4 were similar to T6, with greater contribution of aliphatic organic compounds than in the other treatments. In this way, ILIF decreased in the sequence T5>T3>T4>T1>T2>T6, indicating higher OM humification in T3 and T5 and more labile OM in the other treatments. Consequently, the potential of OM quality recovery in the constructed soil was greatest in treatments T1 and T4.

scholarly journals Metamorphism Indicators for Establishing the Endogenic Fire Hazard of Coal Mining Plants in Mining

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
V. Tarasov ◽  
◽  
M. Antoshchenko ◽  
Ye. Rudniev ◽  
O. Zolotarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Entire Range ◽  
Spontaneous Combustion ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Main Components

In coal mining, the problem of particular importance is the occurrence of endogenous fires and explosions of the methane-air mixture, which lead to the death of people. The aim of the study is to establish indicators that directly characterize the change in the elemental composition in the process of metamorphic transformations of coals and determine them tendency to spontaneous combustion. Statistical multivariate analysis showed that the degree of metamorphism is the most significant characteristic of the propensity of coal to oxidize. The sum of the content of the main components decreases inversely to the increase in carbon content over the entire range of coal conversion from a small degree of their metamorphism from coal to anthracites. The dependence of decrease in oxygen content with increased carbon is nonlinear. With carbon content of more than 88%, there is a slight decrease in the rate of oxygen reduction in comparison to its decrease at earlier stages of metamorphism. A significant correlation of carbon with oxygen and hydrogen is observed. A characteristic feature of coals containing up to 75% carbon is a wide range of changes in formation moisture and oxygen content in organic matter. It indicates minor transformations of coals at the early stages of metamorphism. One of the signs of an increase in the influence of metamorphic processes is a one-sided increase in the carbon content in organic matter and a functional decrease in the sum of the remaining components - hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen.

scholarly journals Assessing Soil Organic Matter Content in a Coal Mining Area through Spectral Variables of Different Numbers of Dimensions

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanmei Zhu ◽  
Zipeng Zhang ◽  
Hongwei Wang ◽  
Jingzhe Wang ◽  
Shengtian Yang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Spectral Feature ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Coal Mining Area ◽  
Band Combination ◽  
First Choice

Soil organic matter (SOM) is a crucial indicator for evaluating soil quality and an important component of soil carbon pools, which play a vital role in terrestrial ecosystems. Rapid, non-destructive and accurate monitoring of SOM content is of great significance for the environmental management and ecological restoration of mining areas. Visible-near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy has proven its applicability in estimating SOM over the years. In this study, 168 soil samples were collected from the Zhundong coal field of Xinjiang Province, Northwest China. The SOM content (g kg−1) was determined by the potassium dichromate external heating method and the soil reflectance spectra were measured by the spectrometer. Two spectral feature extraction strategies, namely, principal component analysis (PCA) and the optimal band combination algorithm, were introduced to choose spectral variables. Linear models and random forests (RF) were used for predictive models. The coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), and the ratio of the performance to the interquartile distance (RPIQ) were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the model. The results indicated that the variables (2DI and 3DI) derived from the optimal band combination algorithm outperformed the PCA variables (1DV) regardless of whether linear or RF models were used. An inherent gap exists between 2DI and 3DI, and the performance of 2DI is significantly poorer than that of 3DI. The accuracy of the prediction model increases with the increasing number of spectral variable dimensions (in the following order: 1DV < 2DI < 3DI). This study proves that the 3DI is the first choice for the optimal band combination algorithm to derive sensitive parameters related to SOM in the coal mining area. Furthermore, the optimal band combination algorithm can be applied to hyperspectral or multispectral images and to convert the spectral response into image pixels, which may be helpful for a soil property spatial distribution map.

scholarly journals Organic Matter Fractions and Quality of the Surface Layer of a Constructed and Vegetated Soil After Coal Mining. II - Physical Compartments and Carbon Management Index

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otávio dos Anjos Leal ◽  
Rosa Maria Vargas Castilhos ◽  
Eloy Antonio Pauletto ◽  
Luiz Fernando Spinelli Pinto ◽  
Clenio Nailto Pillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Light Fraction ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Organic C ◽  
C Stocks

Soils constructed after mining often have low carbon (C) stocks and low quality of organic matter (OM). Cover crops are decisive for the recovery process of these stocks, improving the quality of constructed soils. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of cover crops on total organic C (TOC) stocks, C distribution in physical fractions of OM and the C management index (CMI) of a soil constructed after coal mining. The experiment was initiated in 2003 with six treatments: Hemarthria altissima (T1), Paspalum notatum (T2), Cynodon dactylon (T3), Urochloa brizantha (T4), bare constructed soil (T5), and natural soil (T6). Soil samples were collected in 2009 from the 0.00-0.03 m layer, and the TOC and C stocks in the physical particle size fractions (carbon in the coarse fraction - CCF, and mineral-associated carbon - MAC) and density fractions (free light fraction - FLF; occluded light fraction - OLF, and heavy fraction - HF) of OM were determined. The CMI components: carbon pool index (CPI), lability (L) and lability index (LI) were estimated by both fractionation methods. No differences were observed between TOC, CCF and MAC stocks. The lowest C stocks in FLF and OLF fractions were presented by T2, 0.86 and 0.61 Mg ha-1, respectively. The values of TOC stock, C stock in physical fractions and CMI were intermediate, greater than T5 and lower than T6 in all treatments, indicating the partial recovery of soil quality. As a result of the better adaptation of the species Hemarthria and Brizantha, resulting in greater accumulation of labile organic material, the CPI, L, LI and CMI values were higher in these treatments, suggesting a greater potential of these species for recovery of constructed soils.

scholarly journals Analysis of Plant and Soil Restoration Process and Degree of Refuse Dumps in Open-Pit Coal Mining Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1975
Author(s):  
Xinhui Li ◽  
Shaogang Lei ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Weizhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Soil Restoration ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Total N ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Refuse Dumps ◽  
Restoration Age

Vegetation and soil restoration are the key to ecological reconstruction in the damaged areas of open-pit coal mining areas. Ecological stability is an important indicator of the degree of ecological restoration. In this study, the ecological stability and the process of plant and soil restoration were investigated at different refuse dumps in three coal mines, namely, the Wulanhada (WLHD) coal mine, the Liulingou (LLG) coal mine, and the Jinzhengtai (JZT) coal mine, in Jungar Banner. Results show that organic matter, total N, available N, and available K increased with the increase in restoration age at the two coal mines of WLHD and LLG. In the JZT coal mine, organic matter, total N, and available K firstly increased, and then slightly decreased with the increase in restoration age. The redundancy analysis indicates that most reclaimed mine soil properties (including soil moisture content, organic matter, total N, and available K) are positively correlated with plant species diversity in the three coal mines, while soil pH and soil bulk density showed a negative correlation with plant species diversity. Plant parameters increased with the years since revegetation, except the Pielou index for the WLHD coal mine, and the Pielou and Margalef indexes for the JZT coal mine. The Euclidean distance between the restoration areas and the natural reference areas decreased with the increase in restoration age. Our findings suggest that, in the three coal mines, the change law of ecological stability conformed to the logistic succession model. The same degree of ecological stability in different refuse dumps may correspond to different degrees of vegetation and soil development. This study emphasizes that ecological restoration in mining areas could benefit the structure of the plant community and the recovery of soil properties, which would eventually improve the ecological stability of coal mining areas.

scholarly journals Forage Development on ex-Coal Mining Land to Support of Livestock Business

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Harmini Harmini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
The Government

The availability of land for forage development is important to support cattle and buffalo production in Indonesia. The government is paying great attention to accelerate cattle and buffalo populations in Indonesia, one of of the Ministry of Agriculture program UPSUS SIWAB to increase cattle and buffalo population has been established. To support this program, sufficient forage and concentrate are crucial. Usually, the development of forage is allocated on the sub-optimal land and one alternative to sub-optimal land is ex-coal mined land. There are several challenges in forage production including pH, the composition of organic matter, low soil microorganisms and heavy metals. These problems can be minimized by adding organic matter, organic fertilizer, microorganism such fungi mycorrhizae and phytoremediation.

Soil Nutrient Analysis of Different Utilization Types in Coal Mining Subsidence Area

2015 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 752-757
Author(s):  
Xiu Jie Zhou ◽  
Hong Bo Zhao ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Liang Zuo Shu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Mining Subsidence ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Subsidence Area ◽  
Forest Reclamation ◽  
Reclamation Area ◽  
Coal Mining Subsidence

Soil nutrient of different utilization types in coal mining subsidence area had been analyzed. Results showed that: In greenhouse reclamation area, the content of organic matter and elements was higher, the pH-value was slightly high, followed by was cropland reclamation area; but in forest reclamation area (Include new reclamation area and intercropping reclamation area), as the reclamation and cropping were prolonged, soil fertility was improved.

scholarly journals Soil cover under Betula pendula Roth. Stands growing on the coal mining spoils in the Kuznetsk region, Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 00041
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ufimtsev ◽  
Ivan Belanov ◽  
Olga Trefilova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth

The article presents results of the study on the influence of the while birch Betula pendula Roth. stands with varying crown cower (<30, 31-50 and >50%) on the properties of soils developing under these stands on the coal mining spoils in the Kuznetsk hollow (so called Kuzbas region). The studied birch stands were located in two ecotopes, i.e. the northern and southern forest-steppe subzone at Kedrovsk (55°32`33``N 86°04`11``E) and Bungur (54°16`09``N 86°09`00``E) coal mines, respectively. The methodology of the study was based on the concept of plant phytogenic fields. The highest rate of soil organic matter and nutrients accumulation was found under sparse stands in both ecotopes. However, the southern ecotope, as compared to the northern one, was found to have higher organic mater and nutrients content irrespective of the birch stand density.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document