Societies “against” and “in ” the State - from Exiwa to the Retakings: Territory, autonomy and hierarchy in the history of the indigenous peoples of Chaco-Pantanal

Abstract The purpose of this article is to conduct an exercise in historic anthropology and an anthropology of territory, based on an ethnography of the experiences of domination and resistance experienced by the indigenous peoples of Pantanal, in particular the Terena, within the processes of colonization, formation of nation states and capitalist development in South America. We will analyze experiences of indigenous autonomy against and in the state, and their dialectical territorial expression in the colonial world and in the contemporary dynamics of territorial and interethnic conflict in twenty-first century Brazil.

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THE PURSUIT OF REALITY: RECENT RESEARCH INTO THE HISTORY OF WITCHCRAFT

The Historical Journal ◽

10.1017/s0018246x0800719x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 1069-1088 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

MALCOLM GASKILL

Keyword(s):

Geographical Area ◽

The State ◽

First Century ◽

Social Scientists ◽

Psychological Phenomenon ◽

The Future ◽

History Of ◽

Twenty First Century ◽

State Of The Field

ABSTRACTIn recent years the outpouring of historical work on witchcraft has been prodigious. Twenty-first-century studies encompass every conceivable chronological and geographical area, from antiquity to the present, Massachusetts to Muscovy. Approaches have been varied, with witchcraft explored as an intellectual, legal, political, social, cultural, and psychological phenomenon. Of particular interest – and difficulty – is the ‘reality’ of witchcraft: how historians might recover contemporary meanings, beyond the meanings imposed by rationalists, romantics, and social scientists. This article examines nine books from the last five years to assess the state of the field, and to offer some suggestions for research in the future.

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Insurrection as history from Guy Fawkes to black blocs

The Politics of Attack ◽

10.7228/manchester/9781526114457.003.0002 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Loadenthal

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

September 11 ◽

The State ◽

First Century ◽

Guerrilla Warfare ◽

Modern History ◽

History Of ◽

Twenty First Century ◽

Cell Networks

This chapter develops the pre-modern history of insurrectionary methods, pursued through a genealogical account of history and discourse. Beginning with a discussion of the genealogical approach as presented by Michele Foucault, this is followed by an exploration of insurrectionism as a form of guerrilla warfare. After affirming that insurrectionary action is indeed within a militant tradition, the reader is led through several hundred years of history that traces the roots of those advocating direct, unmediated attacks on the state—latter termed “propaganda of the deed.” Through examples drawn largely from Europe and North America, special attention is paid to those engaged in theatrical, public attacks, as well as the networks surrounding Luigi Galleani and the Bonnot Gang. Finally, this history is brought into the twenty-first century, linking the anti-globalization movement of the late 1990 and early 2000s, to the decline of that movement following the attacks of September 11, 2001. In its conclusion, the chapter considers whether the decline of the anti-globalization, counter-summit movement emboldened the formation and internationalization of clandestine cell networks promoting insurrectionary attack.

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The End of Neoliberalism?

The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science ◽

10.1177/0002716211406846 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 637 (1) ◽

pp. 141-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

John Comaroff

Keyword(s):

Political Economy ◽

Public Debate ◽

The State ◽

Common Noun ◽

First Century ◽

Finance Capital ◽

History Of ◽

Twenty First Century ◽

The Relationship

In the wake of the economic “meltdown” of 2008, there arose considerable public debate across the planet over the fates and futures of neoliberalism. Had it reached its “natural” end? What, historically, was likely to become of “it”? How might the crisis in the Euro-American economies of the period transform the relationship between economy and the state? This article addresses these questions. It argues against treating neoliberalism as a common noun, a fully formed, self-sustaining ideological project and makes the case that its adjectival and adverbial capillaries alive, well, and, if in complicated ways, central to the unfolding history of contemporary capitalism. Finally, the article offers a reflection on the ways in which twenty-first-century states have become integral to the workings of finance capital, with important consequences for the conception of political economy.

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Economic Origins of Witch Hunting

Studies in Business and Economics ◽

10.2478/sbe-2018-0044 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 214-229

Author(s):

Aleksandr Shmakov ◽

Sergey Petrov

Keyword(s):

Middle Ages ◽

Political Power ◽

State Power ◽

The State ◽

First Century ◽

The Political ◽

Economic Instruments ◽

History Of ◽

Twenty First Century ◽

Witch Hunt

Abstract A number of events taking place in the twenty-first century such as mass arrests of members of the Iran President Mahmud Ahmadinezhad's executive office accused of witchcraft make one doubt that witch hunt trials remained in the far Middle Ages. It is religious motives that are usually considered the main reason for anti-witchcraft hysteria. When analyzing the history of anti-witchcraft campaigns we came to the conclusion that in the majority of cases witchcraft was a planned action aimed at consolidating the state power and acquiring additional sources of revenue. By using economic instruments we tried to reveal some general regularities of witch hunt in various countries as well as conditions for this institution to emerge and for ensuring its stability by the state power We show that witch hunt was an instrument of implementing institutional transformations aimed to consolidate the political power or to forfeit wealth by the state power.

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Capitalist Crises and the State

The Oxford Handbook of Karl Marx ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190695545.013.29 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 498-518

Author(s):

Leo Panitch ◽

Sam Gindin

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

The State ◽

First Century ◽

Late Nineteenth Century ◽

Specific Class ◽

Capitalist Development ◽

Late Nineteenth ◽

Twenty First Century

Capitalist development is a contradictory process prone to structural crises—the genesis, nature, and outcome of which are historically contingent and the resolution of which changes the terrain for the development of future crises. Crises are always historically specific; they occur within particular periods of capitalist development and must be theorized using the tools of historical materialsm in relation to the class and state matrices of that period. This article analyzes the specific class, state, and imperial configurations of the particular historical conjunctures in which the four structural crises of capitalism’s history have occurred from the late nineteenth century to the opening decades of the twenty-first century

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The Rise and Return of the Indo-Pacific

10.1093/oso/9780198739524.001.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Timothy Doyle ◽

Dennis Rumley

Keyword(s):

Common Ground ◽

First Century ◽

Regional Security ◽

Pacific Region ◽

Nation States ◽

The Us ◽

Us Hegemony ◽

Twenty First Century ◽

Under Construction ◽

Political Realities

In the twenty-first century, the Indo-Pacific region has become the new centre of the world. The concept of the ‘Indo-Pacific’’, though still under construction, is a potentially pivotal site, where various institutions and intellectuals of statecraft are seeking common ground on which to anchor new regional coalitions, alliances, and allies to better serve their respective national agendas. This book explores the Indo-Pacific as an ambiguous and hotly contested regional security construction. It critically examines the major drivers behind the revival of classical geopolitical concepts and their deployment through different national lenses. The book also analyses the presence of India and the US in the Indo-Pacific, and the manner in which China has reacted to their positions in the Indo-Pacific to date. It suggests that national constructions of the Indo-Pacific region are more informed by domestic political realities, anti-Chinese bigotries, distinctive properties of twenty-first century US hegemony, and narrow nation-statist sentiments rather than genuine pan-regional aspirations. The book argues that the spouting of contested depictions of the Indo-Pacific region depend on the fixed geostrategic lenses of nation-states, but what is also important is the re-emergence of older ideas—a classical conceptual revival—based on early to mid-twentieth century geopolitical ideas in many of these countries. The book deliberately raises the issue of the sea and constructions of ‘nature’, as these symbols are indispensable parts of many of these Indo-Pacific regional narratives.

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History of Recording Demotic Epigraphy

The Oxford Handbook of Egyptian Epigraphy and Paleography ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190604653.013.34 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 491-507

Author(s):

Jan Moje

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Seventh Century ◽

First Century ◽

Third Century ◽

Late Period ◽

Greco Roman ◽

Rosetta Stone ◽

Roman Egypt ◽

History Of ◽

Twenty First Century

This chapter gives an overview of the history of recording and publishing epigraphic sources in Demotic language and script from the Late Period to Greco-Roman Egypt (seventh century bce to third century ce), for example, on stelae, offering tables, coffins, or votive gifts. The history of editing such texts and objects spans over two hundred years. Here, the important steps and pioneering publications on Demotic epigraphy are examined. They start from the beginning of the nineteenth century, when Napoleon’s expedition to Egypt found the Rosetta stone, until the twenty-first century.

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