scholarly journals FLORISTIC-STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION AND SUCCESSIONAL GROUP OF TREE SPECIES IN THE CERRADO BIOME OF TOCANTINS STATE, BRAZIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDER PEREIRA MIGUEL ◽  
ALBA VALÉRIA REZENDE ◽  
FABRÍCIO ASSIS LEAL ◽  
REGINALDO SÉRGIO PEREIRA ◽  
RAFAEL RODOLFO DE MELO
Keyword(s):  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Ecological Group ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
Cerrado Biome

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to characterize the floristic composition, vegetation structure and ecological group of tree species in a cerradão forest (Cerrado biome) of Palmas, Tocantins State, Brazil. A forest inventory was performed in an area of 10.15 hectares, using systematic sampling with plots of 400 m², in which all standing trees, alive and dead, that had diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5 cm were sampled and identified. A linear plateau regression model (LPR) was used for sample sufficiency analysis. The Shannon index (H') was used for assess the floristic diversity, and the Importance Value Index (IVI) for assess the horizontal structure. The forest was classified in three strata according to vertical structure analysis. The LPR showed that the sampling size was adequate. The predominate species in the area were Myrcia splendens, Emmotum nitens and Qualea parviflora, and species from the families Fabaceae and Chrysobalanaceae. The pioneer (613 individuals ha-1) and climax (530 individuals ha-1) species were the predominating groups. Regarding the richness index, the number of climax (57 species) and pioneer (25 species) species stood out. The alpha floristic diversity was 3.35 nats individuals-1 and the Pielou equability value J = 0.76. The diametric distribution showed a negative and balanced exponential pattern. Regarding the vertical stratification, the smallest amount of individuals was in the upper stratum (13%) and the highest in the mid stratum (63%) and in the lower stratum (24%). The use of floristic composition tools with horizontal and vertical structure analysis was effective for understand the tree community, which may be considered structured and diverse, thus able to restructure possible disturbances when preserved.

scholarly journals Floristic, structural, and allometric equations to estimate arboreal volume and biomass in a cerradão site

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1691
Author(s):  
Eder Pereira Miguel ◽  
Alba Valéria Rezende ◽  
Fabrício Assis Leal ◽  
Eraldo Aparecido Trondoli Matricardi ◽  
José Marcelo Imana Encinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
Standing Trees

This objective of this study was to characterize the floristic, structural, and ecological groups and to estimate the arboreal volume and biomass of a cerradão site in Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil. A forest inventory was conducted on 10.15 ha of the study area. Plots of 400-m2 were used for systematic sampling. All standing trees (dead or alive) with a breast-height diameter (DHB) greater than 5 cm were identified and measured. Floristic diversity and horizontal structure were assessed using the Shannon and importance value indices, respectively. Forest vertical structure was classified into three stratata and the tree species were categorized into ecological groups. Ninety tree volumes were rigorously cubed and weighed. Fresh- and dry biomass were sampled and estimated. Mathematical models were applied and adjusted to estimate tree volume and biomass. It was observed that the species Myrcia splendens and Emmotum nitens and the families Fabaceae and Chrysobalanaceae were dominant in our study site. The pioneer (613 individuals ha-1) and climax (530 individuals ha-1) tree species group predominated. The floristic diversity index was estimated as 3.35 nats ind- 1. The vertical structure analysis indicated fewer individuals in the superior stratum (13%) compared to the medium (63%) and inferior (24%) stratum. The Schumacher and Hall model showed better results with regard to estimated forest production. Forest volume and biomass estimates were 126.71 m³ ha-1 and 61.67 Mg ha-1, respectively. The studied cerradão area had high floristic diversity and climax species predominated. Since this cerradão is in close proximity to the Amazon biome, its volume and biomass stocks were higher than those estimated for other cerradão and forest formations within the Cerrado biome.

Structure and floristic composition of a tropical evergreen forest in south-west India

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Pascal ◽  
Raphael Pelissier
Keyword(s):  
Western Ghats ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Tropical Evergreen Forest ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
The Western Ghats

ABSTRACTA permanent plot of 28 ha was established in a dense wet evergreen forest in the Western Ghats of India to study the functioning of the ecosystem. Since April 1990, 1981 trees of ≥30 cm gbh have been enumerated in a systematic sampling of five strips totalling 3.12 ha. This paper describes the main structural and floristic characteristics of the plot.The density (635 trees ≥30 cm gbh per hectare) and basal area (39.7 m2 ha−1) are high. Despite the high diversity (Simpson's D = 0.92 and Shannon's H' = 4.56), four species are distinctly, dominant in terms of an importance value index (relative density + relative basal area). Each of these four species occupies a different layer in the ecosystem: Humboldtia brunonis Wall. (Fabaceae) dominates the undergrowth, Myristica dactyloïdes Gaertn. (Myristicaceae) the intermediate strata, Valeria indica L. (Dipterocarpaceae) the higher canopy level and Dipterocarpus indicus Bedd. (Dipterocarpaceae) the emergents. This pronounced species hierarchy is one of the most important characteristics of the evergreen forests of the Western Ghats. The two dipterocarps account for 20.1% of the total number of trees and contribute 40.9% to the total basal area. This formation can, therefore, be considered as the westernmost lowland dipterocarp forest of Asia.Analysis of the spatial variations in the floristic composition and in the structure of the main species populations shows that two kinds of mature phases can be identified: where the topography is raised and gently sloping, the vertical structure of the stand is discontinuous, with Dipterocarpus indicus and Vateria indica forming an emergent layer above a dense undergrowth; on slopes, the stand is lower, vertically continuous and saturated with Valeria indica and Myristica dactyloïdes. The link between the structure of the stand and dynamic processes is discussed.

scholarly journals Woody Species Diversity and Structure of Protected Woodlands Adjacent to Free Grazing Land Woodland at Dugda Woreda, Oromia, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tsegu Ereso Denbel
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Breast Height

The study was conducted in protected woodland and free graze woodland located in Dugda Woreda, Oromia state, Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to explore the floristic composition, structure, and regeneration of woody species. In the park, the vegetation ecology has not been studied up to date, which is necessary for conservation. The systematic sampling technique was used to collect vegetation and human disturbance (presence and absence) data from August to December 2017. The vegetation data were collected from 30 plots from each woodland with a size of 900 m2 (30 m × 300 m) for tree/shrub, while subplots of size 400 m2 (20 m × 20 m) for sapling, respectively, were established in the main plots. Individual tree and shrub diameters at breast height (DBH) ≥2.5 cm and height ≥ 2 m were measured using a tape meter and clinometer, respectively. Diameter at breast height (DBH), frequency, density, basal area, and importance value index (IVI) were used for vegetation structure description, while the densities of mature trees, sapling, and seedling were used for regeneration. A total of 446 individual stems from free grazed woodland and 641 individual stems from protected woodland with a DBH of ≥2.5 cm were encountered from 30 studied sample plots that are protected and free grazed woodlands. Of these, from the total woody species, 68.42% were trees and 31.57% shrubs found in protected woodland; 76.92% were trees and 23.07% shrubs found in free grazed woodland. The total basal area of the woody plant was 3.1 ± 1 m2/ha in free grazed woodland and 4.2 ± 2 m2/ha in protected woodland, calculated for 19 woody species. Fabaceae, Balanitaceae, Capparidaceae, Verbenaceae, and Boraginaceae families were the most abundant families in both woodlands. However, there is a good initiation for the conservation of the park; still, the vegetation of the park was threatened by human-induced fire following intensive farming, gold mining, and overgrazing.

scholarly journals Berücksichtigung neuer parameter in der strukturanalyse von tropischen urwäldern

1971 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Finol
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Horizontal Structure

Consideration of new parameters in the analysis of the  structure of tropical virgin forests - Till now in  the analysis of the structure of tropical forests only parameters of the  horizontal structure have been taken in consideration, when calculating the  importance value index on base of relative frequency, abundancy and  dominance. However in many cases the importance value index did not result to  be a correct ecological value for the species componing the forests. In the  present article it is proposed to take into account the vertical structure  also, based on the new parameters "sociological position", and  "natural regeneration". As the mentioned example shows (table 3),  the ecological value of each species seems more correctly represented in the  investigated forest type in this case as by the importance value index only.

scholarly journals Floristic composition, structure and environmental characterization of Cyathea costaricensis population in a remnant cloud forest in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1079-1097
Author(s):  
Miguel Olvera-Vargas ◽  
Blanca L. Figueroa-Rangel ◽  
Christiam Solís Robles
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Canopy Openness ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Frequency Distributions

Introduction: Tree ferns are significant components of temperate, tropical and subtropical forests, contributing to shape complex forest stand structures. Objectives: 1) to describe the population structure of Cyathea costaricensis in a remnant cloud forest of West-central Mexico; 2) to characterize and relate the floristic composition and the structure of the most important tree species associated to the C. costaricensis population and; 3) to describe the environment where C. costaricensis occurs. Methods: We estimated the Importance Value Index (IVI) to select the most important canopy-dominant species associated to C. costaricensis; we constructed height and Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) frequency distributions for those selected species according to IVI as well as for C. costaricensis population; we computed the asymmetry of the frequency distributions through the coefficient of skewness and the probability density function via the Kernel density estimation. We tested for differences between canopy-dominant tree species and C. costaricensis population structure by the non-parametric Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: C. costaricensis individuals presented the smallest heights and intermediate DBH sizes as compared with the canopy-dominant species, with statistically significant differences for height but not for DBH according to the Wilcoxon test. Most of the tree fern individuals were located in uneven terrains and over the base slope of the terrain; canopy openness and Total Radiation Under the Canopy values were similar to those reported for Cyathea species elsewhere. Conclusions: We confirm the hypothesis of comparable structure between the canopy-dominant species and the C. costaricensis population only for DBH; on the contrary, for trunk height, there were statistically significant differences; the small heights of C. costaricensis suggest their coexistence in the understory through sheltering from the taller canopy-dominants. Mostly all individuals of C. costaricensis were confined to local environmental conditions, particularly to physiography.

scholarly journals Análise fitossociológica de fragmentos florestais da reserva extrativista do Rio Cajari, norte da Amazônia (Phytosociological analysis of forest fragments of the cajari river extractive reserve, northern amazon)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1875
Author(s):  
João Da Luz Freitas ◽  
Raullyan Borja Lima e Silva ◽  
Adriano Castelo dos Santos ◽  
Francisco de Oliveira Cruz Júnior ◽  
Erick Silva dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Species Trees ◽  
Terra Firme ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
Species Being

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a composição florística, diversidade, distribuição diamétrica e estrutura horizontal de fragmentos florestais de terra firme e várzea no trecho médio da Reserva Extrativista do Rio Cajari, município de Mazagão, estado do Amapá. As florestas apresentaram relevante riqueza e diversidade florística. Registraram-se 1068 indivíduos com DAP ≥ 9,5 cm, distribuídos em 29 famílias, 68 gêneros e 84 espécies. A distribuição diamétrica das árvores apresentou-se em forma de “J” invertido, conforme tendência natural das florestas heterogêneas. As famílias Fabaceae, Lecythidaceae, Malvaceae, Chrysobalanaceae e Lauraceae foram as mais representativas em número de espécies, sendo que as espécies com maior valor de importância foram Swartzia polyphylla, Caryocar glabrum, Hevea brasiliensis, Vatairea guianensis e Virola surinamensis. A ampliação dos estudos na Resex é necessária tanto para o auxílio na criação de seu plano de manejo quanto para a subsistência das populações que vivem dentro e no seu entorno. A B S T R A C T The objective of this study was to analyze the floristic composition, diversity, diametric distribution and horizontal structure of forest fragments of firm ground and lowland in the middle section of the Extractivist Reserve of the Cajari River, municipality of Mazagão, state of Amapá. The forests presented significant richness and floristic diversity. There were 1068 individuals with DBH ≥ 9.5 cm, distributed in 29 families, 68 genera and 84 species. The diametrical distribution of the trees was inverted "J", according to the natural tendency of the heterogeneous forests. The families Fabaceae, Lecythidaceae, Malvaceae, Chrysobalanaceae and Lauraceae were the most representative in number of species, being that the species with greater value of importance were Swartzia polyphylla, Caryocar glabrum, Hevea brasiliensis, Vatairea guianensis and Virola surinamensis. The expansion of the studies in Resex is necessary both for the aid in the creation of its management plan and for the subsistence of the populations that live inside and in its surroundings. Keywords: floristic composition, floristic diversity, species trees, horizontal structure.

FLORISTIC COMPOSITION AND DIVERSITY OF TREE SPECIES IN KUMO TOWN AND ITS ENVIRONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 560-566
Author(s):  
Sadiq Abdullahi ◽  
H. M. Abba
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
Simpson Index ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
The Family

Study was conducted on Floristic Composition and Diversity of Tree Species in Kumo Town and its Environs.  The aim was to investigate the Tree Species Structure, composition and diversity. Systematic random sampling method was used to sample the Tree species. The result showed that a total number of Twenty –Seven (27) species belonging to 8 genera and 12 families were identified. The family Leguminosae: Mimosoideae had the highest number of 4 species. The family Combretaceae, Moraceae, Caesalpinoidceae, and Palmae had 3 species each. The family Anacaediaceae, Myrtaceae, were represented by 2 species each. The remaining 5 families; Balanitaceae, Bombacaceae, Meliaceae, Rhamnaceae and Sterculiaceae were represented by 1 species each. The plant with the highest dominance was Adansonia digitata. The Shannon Weiner index was 2.45 and Simpson index was 0.48. This study therefore concluded that the species Azadirachta indica was the most abundant, with highest Relative Density, Relative Frequency, and Importance Value Index in the study area. This study recommended that the plants that had the lowest IVI such as Prosopis africana, Cassia sieberiana, need urgent conservation measures

scholarly journals Vegetation Analysis in Community Forests of Terai Region, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-82
Author(s):  
Rajeev Joshi ◽  
Ramesh Chhetri ◽  
Karan Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Vegetation Analysis ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Individual Trees

This paper deals with the study of vegetation analysis of tree species in Ganesh and Ramnagar community forests (CF) of the Terai region.  For the study, altogether 63 concentric sample plots (each plot of 500 m2) were laid using systematic sampling with a sampling intensity of 0.5%.  A total of 967 individual trees representing 16 different tree species were identified. Both CF was dominated by monospecies such as Mallotus philippensis (Ganesh CF) and Shorea robusta (Ramnagar CF) based on the Importance Value Index (I.V.I). Likewise, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was higher in Ganesh CF whereas the dominance index was low. Similarly, the index of evenness and richness was also slightly higher in Ganesh CF than Ramnagar CF. The study provided information about the structure, composition, and dominance of tree species which is essential for conservation and sustainable management of community forests. Therefore, this article serves as an example of establishing community forests so as to initiate the conservation and preservation of local biodiversity.

scholarly journals Vegetative structure, floristic composition and natural regeneration of a species in Ylat Forest, Meket Woreda, Northeastern Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-53
Author(s):  
SISAY TEGEGNE ◽  
BIKILA WORKINEH
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Woody Plant Species ◽  
Vegetative Structure

Tegegne S, Workineh B. 2017. Vegetative structure, floristic composition and natural regeneration of a species in Ylat Forest in Meket Woreda, Northeastern Ethiopia. Asian J For 1: 40-53. The natural forest of Ylat in Meket Woreda, Northeastern Ethiopia was examined to decide the vegetative structure, floristic formation and natural regeneration of woodland species and to supply data on sustainable administration of the woody plants in specific and the woodland founts in common. Systematic sampling design was used in this study to gather vegetation information. For each of the sampling sites, five transect lines having fiftyfour primary plots with 400 m2 (20m × 20m) each were laid out to gather the information on woody species along 200m line transects. A total of 60 vascular plant species having a place to 41 families and 56 genera were identified of which 13 (21.67%) were trees, 31 (51.67%) bushes, 6 (10%) climbers and 10 species (16.66) of herbs. Of all the families, Lamiaceae (8.33%) and Fabaceae, Rosaceae, Solanaceae and Euphorbiaceae 3 species (5%) were the most overwhelming woody plant species and followed by Sapindaceae, Aloaceae, Ranunclaceae, Poaceae, Oleaceae, Polygonaceae and Cucurbitaceae contains 2 species each (3.33%). A total of 2652 woody plant species individuals (1227.77 individual/ha) were found of which 405 individuals were Myrsine africana and 19 individuals were Millettia ferruginea and 20 individuals were Dombeya torrida. This data showed the highest and the lowest number of woody plant species. The thickness of woody species with DBH ≥ 2.5cm was 1227.77 individual/ha, basal zone was 1 m2 /ha, frequency of woody species was 258. The overall Shannon diversity and evenness of woody species was 2.94 and 0.84 respectively, demonstrating that the diversity and evenness of woody species within the timberland is moderately high. The woody plant species having the highest importance value index (IVI) were Erica arborea (36.31) followed by Allophylus abyssinicus (28.65) whereas Hagenia abyssinica, Myrica salicifolia, Euphorbia tirucalli, Calpurnia aurea were the lowest IVI and should be given conservation priority. Finally, this study showed that the population structure of the most woody plant species in Ylat Timberland was in a great state of regeneration recruitment level.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS POHON DI REPONG DAMAR PESISIR TENGAH DAN PESISIR SELATAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Mefki Sunardi ◽  
Afif Bintoro ◽  
Rusita Rusita
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products

Repong Damar is a form of hereditary since the days of the Dutch colonial government owned by the Krui Lampung people in the West Coast. Repong damar functions as a buffer zone in the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park. The flagship product from Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in Indonesia found in Krui Pesisir Barat is Damar Mata cat (Shorea javanica). The management and use of resin repong can cause various types of plants. Damar reong found in the Regency of Pesisir Barat has very important benefits for life, and therefore it is necessary to act as a preservation effort for this repong damar to remain sustainable and continue to grow. One of the efforts made is to analyze the diversity of tree species that are in the resin dunk. This study aims to determine the diversity of tree species in the Central Pongir Pongon Repong Pahmungan and Tenumbang Pekon Coastal Equipment and to compare the diversity of tree species in the Central Pekon Pahmungan and South Pekon Tenumbang Pekon Coastal Areas. This research was conducted in August-September 2019 which is located in two locations, namely Tenumbang Pekon, Pesisir Selatan District and Pahmungan Pahmungan Tengah Pesisir Tengah District, Pesisir Barat District. The method used to determine the diversity of tree species using the plot line method where the determination of the plot starting point is done by Systematic sampling with random sampling. Analysis of the data to be used is the relative density (KR), relative frequency (FR), and relative closure area (CR). Importance Value Index (INP) = KR + FR + CR (Indriyanto, 2006). The Diversity Index used is the Shanon Wiener Diversity Index (H '). The results of the research that have been carried out there are 28 species of trees found in Pahonungan Pahmungan, Central Pesisir Tengah and 32 species found in Tenumbang Pekon, Pesisir Selatan District and Diversity of tree species in Pahonungan Pekm Tengah, Pesisir Tengah District, 1.86 and Diversity of tree species in Pekon Tenumbang. Pesisir Selatan District at 2.44.

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