scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN SOWING AND FERTILIZER APPLICATION SYSTEMS AND WEEDS IN SOYBEAN CROPS

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-286
Author(s):  
ELIAKIN FREDERICO RAFAIN ◽  
JOÃO EDSON GUBIAN ◽  
DAVID PERES DA ROSA ◽  
ANDERSON LUIS NUNES

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects sowing systems and fertilizer application systems on the incidence of weeds and on yield components in soybean crops. Two experiments were conducted in soils with different fertility levels. An experimental design in split-plot was used; the plots consisted of four sowing systems: crossed sowing (0.45×0.45 m), and spacings between rows of 0.35 m, 0.175 m, and 0.45 m; and the subplots consisted of fertilizer application systems: application in the sowing row, broadcast fertilizer application at sowing, and no fertilizer application. The variables evaluated were: grain yield, 1000-grain weight, and weed incidence at 30 and 50 days after sowing (DAS). The weed incidence at 30 DAS was lower when using spacing between rows of 0.45 m, which was correlated with the lower turning of the soil surface layer. The plant spacing between rows of 0.175 m resulted in a lower competition with weeds at 50 DAS and in a higher shading, generating higher grain yields. The fertilizer application in the sowing row resulted in a higher grain yield and 1000-grain weight. The sowing system affects the weed population dynamics, which directly affects the grain yield of soybean crops.

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
M. K. J. El-Shatnawi ◽  
N. I. Haddad

Greenhouse pot trials and field experiments were carried out under rain-fed condition in north-eastern Jordan during 1997–98 and 1998–99 growing seasons, to test 3 barley genotypes for their suitability for both forage and grain production. The varieties Rehani and ACSAD176 produced higher forage yields than Rum. In the field, clipping reduced subsequent grain yield per plant by about 18%, lowering grain weight of the main spike from 2.3�g in the control to 1.8 g in the clipped plants. Clipping increased tiller density of barley plants in the field. Decreases in grain yield following clipping could also be attributed to reductions in the number of grains per spike. Clipping decreased the number of grains per spike by about 9% by reducing the number of spikelets per spike. Cutting reduced 1000-grain weight by about 9%. Clipping induced changes in the relative importance of yield components influencing subsequent grain yield. The yield components reduced by clipping were the most important contributors to loss of grain yield.


2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Tawaha ◽  
M. A. Turk

Field experiments were conducted during the winter seasons of 1998–1999 and 1999–2000 at Houfa in northern Jordan, to study the effect of the date and rate of sowing on the yield and yield components of narbon vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.). Progressive delays in sowing beyond 1 st January led to yield reductions of 11.1 and 17.9 at successive 15-day intervals. Plant height, pods stem –1, stems m –2 and 1000-grain weight followed the same trend as the yield. Grain yield was not significantly affected by the sowing rate.


1983 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-344
Author(s):  
Reijo Karjalainen ◽  
Aino Laitinen ◽  
Tapio Juuti

Data from two experiments was analysed in order to determine the effects of Septoria nodorum Berk. on the yield of spring wheat. In the first experiment the cultivar Hankkija’s Taava was artificially inoculated with low spore concentration suspensions of S. nodorum. The resulting disease reduced grain yield by 10%, 1000-grain weight by 14%, and hectorlitre weight by 5.7 %. An examination of the ears from the main stems revealed that the pathogen induced a reduction in all yield components but especially in grain number/ear and grain weight. In the second experiment a total of 28 cultivars or lines were studied and the correlation between grain yield/ear and disease severity was found to be negative but low. No consistent trend among the correlations was seen and some susceptible cultivars suffered only slightly from the disease while other fairly resistant cultivars showed great losses. The results are discussed in relation to compensatory mechanisms and potential disease tolerance in wheat.


2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
B Mondal ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
SK Paul ◽  
F Zaman

A field experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from April to July 2012 to study the effect of variety and weeding regime on the yield components and yield of Aus rice. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental treatments comprised four varieties viz. BR 26, BRRI dhan27, BRRI dhan48 and Pariza; and five weeding treatments viz. no weeding, one hand weeding at 20 DAS(Days after sowing), two hand weeding at 20 DAS and 30 DAS, three hand weeding at 20, 30 and 40 DAS and weed free. Here broadcasting method of planting was used. Results revealed that varieties had significant effect on plant height, number of total tillers hill-1, number of effective tillers hill-1, number of non-effective tillers hill-1, number of grains panicle-1, number of unfilled spikelets panicle-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index. Grain yield was the highest in BRRI dhan48. Weeding regime had also significant effect on all the studied crop parameters except 1000-grain weight. The highest grain yield was obtained from weed free condition followed by three, two and one weeding conditions. Interaction between variety and weeding regime significantly influenced all the studied crop parameters except 1000-grain weight and harvest index. In interaction it was observed that the highest grain yield was obtained from BRRI dhan48 under two weeding condition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18198 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 17-21, 2013


1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Salahuddin ◽  
SH Chowdhury ◽  
S Munira ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
S Parvin

An experiment was conducted during July-December 2001 at the Agronomy field laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to study the effect of nitrogen levels and plant spacing on the yield and yield contributing characters of transplant Aman rice (var. BRRI Dhan 31). Five levels of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 kg N/ha) and three spacings (25 cm x 20 cm, 25 cm x 15 cm, 25 cm x 10 cm) were included as treatment variables. A gradual increase in panicle length (24.50 cm), grains/panicle 110) and grain yield (4.91 t/ha) were observed with the increase in nitrogen levels upto 150 kg/ha and declined thereafter. Thousand-grain weight was not significantly influenced by application of different levels of nitrogen. The maximum grain yield (4.22 t/ha) was observed at the spacing 25 cm x 10 cm closely followed by 25 cm x 15 cm (4.21 t/ha). Wider spacing (25 cm x 10 cm) produced the tallest plant (108.38 cm), but significantly highest tllers/hill (8.06) and grains/panicle was recorded from (25 cm x 20 cm). Plant spacing had also no significant effect on 1000-grain weight. The interaction effects of nitrogen and plant spacing was significant in panicle length, grains/panicle, and grain yield. The higher grain yield (5.00 t/ha) was recorded from the treatment combination of 150 kg N/ha with 25 cm x 15 cm spacing, but statistically identical to same N dose with other two spacings. Response of grain yield to added N was quadratic. The optimum doses were found to be 132 kg N/ha for 25 cm x 20 cm, 119 kg N/ha for 25 cm, and 177 kg N/ha for 25 cm x 10 cm spacing, yielding 4.38, 4.63 and 4.75 t/ha, respectively. Key Words: Nitrogen; plant spacing; aman rice. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i2.5801Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(2): 279-285, June 2009


2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Klikocka ◽  
B. Narolski ◽  
G. Michałkiewicz

A field experiment with a malting spring barley crop (2007&ndash;2009) was conducted in south-eastern Poland on Cambisols. Conventional (CST) and simplified soil tillage systems (SST) were used in combination with NPK fertilizer enriched with S and Mg. Analysis of the results showed a beneficial effect of CST and NPK fertilization with S and Mg on yield and yield structure. SST and NPK fertilization decreased grain yield by 6.6% and 6.2%. CST increased grain number per ear, grain weight per ear and plant height, while the SST decreased the value of these characteristics by 7.9, 5.7 and 5.3%. Number of ears (standardized regression coefficient b = 0.330), grain number per ear (b = 0.488) and 1000 grain weight (b = 0.360) were found to be significant for predicting grain yield. Significant correlations were found between grain yield and yield components of spring barley. Grain yield per ha was positively correlated with number of ears (r<sub>n</sub> = 72 = 0.330), grain number per ear (r<sub>n</sub> = 72 = 0.488), 1000 grain weight (r<sub>n</sub> = 72 = 0.359), grain weight per ear&nbsp;(r<sub>n</sub> = 72 = 0.528) and plant height (r<sub>n</sub> = 72 = 0.246).


2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. MAQBOOL ◽  
A. TANVEER ◽  
A. ALI ◽  
M.N. ABBAS ◽  
M. IMRAN ◽  
...  

A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years to study the effect of fertilizer application methods and inter and intra-row weed-crop competition durations on density and biomass of different weeds and growth, grain yield and yield components of maize. The experimental treatments comprised of two fertilizer application methods (side placement and below seed placement) and inter and intra-row weed-crop competition durations each for 15, 30, 45, and 60 days after emergence, as well as through the crop growing period. Fertilizer application method didn't affect weed density, biomass, and grain yield of maize. Below seed fertilizer placement generally resulted in less mean weed dry weight and more crop leaf area index, growth rate, grain weight per cob and 1000 grain weight. Minimum number of weeds and dry weight were recorded in inter-row or intra-row weed-crop competition for 15 DAE. Number of cobs per plant, grain weight per cob, 1000 grain weight and grain yield decreased with an increase in both inter-row and intra-row weed-crop competition durations. Maximum mean grain yield of 6.35 and 6.33 tha-1 were recorded in inter-row and intra-row weed competition for 15 DAE, respectively.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 18767-18783
Author(s):  
Samia Fernane-Meliani ◽  
◽  
Z Abdellaoui ◽  
S Akretche-Kelfat ◽  
B Ancer ◽  
...  

RESUME: L'objectif de cette étude était de déterminer les effets de diverses doses de rayons gamma sur les paramètres morphologiques et agronomiques de semences de blé (Anza). L’expérimentation a été menée à la station expérimentale de l’Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, El Harrach (Alger, Algérie), sur une parcelle en bloc aléatoire complet, en évaluant la croissance et les composantes de rendement d’une culture, sur deux années consécutives, de cette variété locale de blé tendre (Anza) cultivée en Algérie. Les graines ont été irradiées avec des rayons gamma de 0,10, 0,15 et 0,20 KGy (KiIoGry), tandis que la dose de 0KGy a été retenue comme témoin. Les résultats ont montré que la germination n'a pas été affectée par l'irradiation. La hauteur de la tige la plus marquée a été donnée par le témoin pendant les deux années de culture. A la première année, la dose de 0,20KGy et le témoin ont manifesté la meilleure longueur de l’épi (8,97cm) et le plus grand nombre de pieds levés/m2 a été noté à la deuxième année avec le blé traité à 0,20KGy (149). Le nombre le plus élevé d’épis /m2 est obtenu par les échantillons irradiés à 0,20 KGy et le témoin a donné le plus grand nombre de grains par épi, alors qu’une amélioration de la masse de 1000 grains a été constatée à 0,20KGy. La dose de 0,20KGy a également produit le meilleur rendement en grains à la récolte des deux année (56 et 55q/ha). Il y a eu une interaction entre l'année de culture et la dose d’irradiation pour le nombre de pieds levés et le nombre d’épis/m2. Les faibles doses de rayons gamma, notamment la dose de 0,20 KGy ont contribué à l’amélioration des caractéristiques morphologiques et agronomiques de la variété locale de blé tendre (Anza) cultivée en Algérie, à savoir : la longueur de l’épi, le nombre de pieds levés et d’épis/m2, la masse de 1000 grains et le rendement en grains. ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different doses of gamma rays on morphological and agronomical parameters of wheat seeds (Anza). The experiment was conducted in the experimental station of the National School of Agricultural Sciences, El Harrach, Algiers (Algeria). The wheat crop was carried out on a plot in complete random block, by evaluating the growth and yield components of a crop, over two consecutive years, of this common wheat variety (Anza) grown in Algeria. Seeds samples were irradiated with low doses of gamma rays at 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 KGy (KiIoGry), while 0KGy dose was used as a control. The results showed that the number of germinated seeds was not affected by the irradiation treatment. The highest stem height was given by the control in both years, whereas in the first crop year, the 0.20KGy dose with the control showed the best spike length (8.97cm). In the second year, the highest number of raised feet/m2 was recorded with wheat at 0.20KGy (149). The evolution of yield components according to irradiation doses revealed that the highest number of spikes/m2 was also obtained from samples irradiated at 0.20KGy, the control gave the highest number of seeds by spike, while an improvement in 1000 grain weight was seen at 0.20KGy in both crops. The 0.20KGy dose also produced the highest grain yield at harvest of the two years (56 and 55q/ha). There was an interaction between the crop year and the radiation dose for the number of raised feet and the number of spikes/m2. The low gamma ray doses, particularly 0.20 KGy dose, contributed to the improvement of the morphological and agronomical properties of the local common wheat (Anza) grown in Algeria, including spike length, number of raised feet and spikes/m2, 1000 grain weight and grain yield.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
PUNIT KUMAR ◽  
VICHITRA KUMAR ARYA ◽  
PRADEEP KUMAR ◽  
LOKENDRA KUMAR ◽  
JOGENDRA SINGH

A study on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for seed yield and component traits was made in 40 genotypes of riceduring kharif 2011-2012 at SHIATS, Allahabad. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the treatments for all the 13 traits under study.The genotypes namely CN 1446-5-8-17-1-MLD4 and CR 2706 recorded highest mean performance for panicles per hill and grain yield. The highest genotypic and phenotypic variances (VG and VP) were recorded for spikelets per panicle (3595.78 and 3642.41) followed by biological yield (355.72 and 360.62) and plant height (231.48 and 234.35).High heritability (broad sense) coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height, flag leaf length, panicles per hill, tillers per hill, days to maturity, spikelet’s per panicle, biological yield, harvest index, 1000 grain weight and grain yield, indicating that selection will be effective based on these traits because they were under the influence of additive and additive x additive type of gene action. Highest coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV) was recorded for tillers per hill (18.42% and 17.23%), panicle per hill (19.76 % and 18.68%), spikelet’s per panicle (34.30 and34.07 %), biological yield (28.31 % and 28.12 %), 1000 grain weight (15.57 % and 15 31 %) and grain yield (46.66% and 23.54 %), indicating that these traits are under the major influence of genetic control, therefore the above mentioned traits contributed maximum to higher grain yield compared to other traits, indicating grain yield improvement through the associated traits.


2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Qurashi ◽  
MA Salam ◽  
M Jannat ◽  
MG Rabbani

An experiment was carried out at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to evaluate the effect of urea super granule (USG) as a source of nitrogen on the yield and yield components of transplant Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan39, BRRI dhan46 and BINA dhan7. Five levels of N (viz., 0, 60, 120 kg ha-1 as prilled urea and 60 and 120 kg ha-1 as USG) were taken as experimental treatments. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plant height, effective tillers hill-1, grains panicle-1 and grain yield varied significantly due to different cultivars. All the yield and yield components except 1000-grain weight were influenced significantly by the levels of nitrogen fertilizer. The highest grain yield (4.82 t ha-1) was recorded in BINA dhan7 and the lowest one (4.30 t ha-1) was recorded in BRRI dhan39. Nitrogen @ 120 kg ha-1 as USG performed the best among the treatments in respect of yield and yield components of rice. The highest grain yield (5.46t ha-1) was obtained from BINA dhan7 with 120 kg N ha-1 as USG which was statistically identical with 60 kg N ha-1 as USG. A considerable amount (31.25%) of prilled urea (PU) nitrogen could be saved by using USG. It may be concluded that USG could be used as N management to achieve better nitrogen use efficiency in reducing N loss than the PU.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v24i1-2.19095 Progress. Agric. 24(1&2): 29 - 37, 2013


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