scholarly journals Diallel analysis of popcorn lines and hybrids for baby corn production

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Rafael de Souza Camacho ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Henrique José Camargo Senhorinho ◽  
Thiago Vincenzi Conrado
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Group I ◽  
Synthetic Populations ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

The aim of this study was to evaluate the combining ability of popcorn lines and hybrids with favorable traits for baby corn production, using lines extracted from the major genotypes of the Brazilian germplasm. From nine popcorn lines, derived from the genotypes Zélia, CMS 42, CMS 43, UEM M2, Zaeli and IAC 112, 36 single-cross hybrids were obtained without reciprocals. In partial diallel crosses, 25 single-cross hybrids were obtained, derived from crosses of five lines of the Zaeli (group I) with five lines from IAC 112 (group II). We recommend using lines derived from Zaeli and CMS 42 in hybrid breeding programs for higher ear yields. The lines P9.5.1 and P9.5.5 (group I) and P8.3 and P8.5 (group II) can be recommended for recombination within each group and for the formation of two synthetic populations for recurrent selection, in order to increase ear yield.

scholarly journals Performance of irrigated green corn cultivars in different plant populations at sowing

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-272
Author(s):  
José C. Soares Neto ◽  
Antônio L. dos Santos Neto ◽  
Wellington M. dos Santos ◽  
Daline T. S. Barros ◽  
Ademária A. de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
The City ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the yield of green corn hybrids grown under irrigation in different plant populations at sowing. The assay was carried out in the experimental area located in the city of Arapiraca, Alagoas State, Brazil, from November 2015 to January 2016. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used, in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme with four replicates. A double- and a single-cross hybrid (AG 1051 and BM 3061), which are suitable for green corn production, were cultivated in five spacings between plants at sowing (15.0, 17.5, 20.0, 22.5 and 25.0 cm). The characteristics photosynthetic rate (PR), ear length with rusk (HEL) and without husk (UEL), husked ear weight (HEW), unhusked ear weight (UEW), percentage of marketable ears (%ME) and weight of husk (HW) were evaluated. The double- and single-cross hybrids AG 1051 and BM 3061 showed green ears with commercial standard. The cultivar BM 3061 showed the best results for most of the characteristics related to the performance of green corn (PR, HEL, UEL, UEW, HEW, %ME). The spacing of 17.5 cm between plants at sowing was the most indicated for irrigated green corn cultivation.

scholarly journals Estimates for Genetic Variance Components in Reciprocal Recurrent Selection in Populations Derived from Maize Single-Cross Hybrids

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Costa dos Reis ◽  
José Maria Villela Pádua ◽  
Guilherme Barbosa Abreu ◽  
Fernando Lisboa Guedes ◽  
Rodrigo Vieira Balbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Covariance Components ◽  
Variance And Covariance Components ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

This study was carried out to obtain the estimates of genetic variance and covariance components related to intra- and interpopulation in the original populations (C0) and in the third cycle (C3) of reciprocal recurrent selection (RRS) which allows breeders to define the best breeding strategy. For that purpose, the half-sib progenies of intrapopulation (P11and P22) and interpopulation (P12and P21) from populations 1 and 2 derived from single-cross hybrids in the 0 and 3 cycles of the reciprocal recurrent selection program were used. The intra- and interpopulation progenies were evaluated in a10×10triple lattice design in two separate locations. The data for unhusked ear weight (ear weight without husk) and plant height were collected. All genetic variance and covariance components were estimated from the expected mean squares. The breakdown of additive variance into intrapopulation and interpopulation additive deviations (στ2) and the covariance between these and their intrapopulation additive effects (CovAτ) found predominance of the dominance effect for unhusked ear weight. Plant height for these components shows that the intrapopulation additive effect explains most of the variation. Estimates for intrapopulation and interpopulation additive genetic variances confirm that populations derived from single-cross hybrids have potential for recurrent selection programs.

scholarly journals Diallel analysis and prediction of untested maize single cross hybrids

2019 ◽  
pp. 148-158
Author(s):  
José Lidércio Matias Júnior ◽  
Maurício Carlos Kuki ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Ronald José Barth Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Performance evaluation and genetic analysis of maize populations and diallel crosses under irrigated and drought-stressed conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-265
Author(s):  
G. Evgenidis ◽  
V. Mellidis ◽  
C. Karamaligkas ◽  
M. Koutsika-Sotiriou
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Crosses ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Source Populations ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

This study aimed to assess the response of eight maize populations and their 28 diallel crosses to water stress and conventional irrigation. The source populations consisted of maize germplasm from CIMMYT and the F 2 generation of commercial single-cross hybrids. The trials were conducted at three locations in two successive years. Six characteristics relevant to drought stress were recorded. On average, water stress reduced the plant height and ear attachment height, and increased the number of days to silking and the anthesis to silking interval (ASI). The reductions were greater in the diallel crosses, and the increases in the parental populations. At one location, where irrigated and drought-stressed treatments were established side by side, diallel analysis for yield revealed that: (i) the control (B73 × Mo17) and the commercial hybrid Costanza had significantly reduced yield under drought stress; (ii) the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability were significantly higher in the irrigated experiments; and (iii) populations derived from the F 2 generation showed higher GCA.

scholarly journals Isoenzymatic variability in wild potatoes

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 781-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Helena Gomes Rocha ◽  
Eliane Augustin ◽  
João Baptista da Silva ◽  
Judith Viégas
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Wild Potato ◽  
Solanum Commersonii ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Electrophoretic Variants ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Solanum Spp

Two species of wild potato Solanum commersonii, subspecies commersonii and malmeanum, and S. chacoense, subspecies muelleri occur in southern Brazil. Their rusticity and easy adaptation to extreme climatic conditions make them valuable for breeding programs. The objective of this work was to analyze the isoenzymatic variability of 113 clones of wild potato subspecies. They were collected and maintained at Embrapa-Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Clima Temperado, at Pelotas, RS, Brazil. Enzymes involved in energetic (group I) or in peripherical (group II) metabolism constituted the material used. Polyacrylamide horizontal gel electrophoresis was used to analyze peroxidase, aspartate transaminase, phosphoglucomutase and isocitrate dehydrogenase isoenzymes. Solanum spp. has considerable genetic variability for isoenzymatic patterns. Cluster analysis classified the clones into 51 subgroups, based on electrophoretic variants of group I enzymes, and into 89, when group II enzyme variants were added. Genotypic differentiation of S. chacoense muelleri in relation to S. commersonii commersonii and S. commersonii malmeanum is evident when expressed through similarity and cluster analysis.

scholarly journals Combining Ability for Yield of Single-Cross Hybrids Derived from Maize Composites (Zea mays L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Daniela ONA ◽  
Leon MUNTEAN ◽  
Voichița Virginia HAȘ ◽  
Andrei VARGA
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Synthetic Populations ◽  
Yield Trait ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Development of high-yielding hybrids of maize depends on good understanding of combining ability and inheritance of yield trait. To achieve this goal, synthetic populations of lines are developed and improved upon by recurrent selection to be utilized as initial material for the creation of inbred lines. Therefore, the aims of the present paper were: to determine the combining ability among some inbred lines developed from composites and commercial hybrids by recurrent selection method and to choose the most promising inbreds for maize yield improvement and the most suitable hybrid combinations. The highest value of the general combining ability (GCA) was obtain from inbred line TA 447 (1,655 kg ha-1) followed by tester TC 399 (233 kg ha-1). For the specific combining ability (SCA), TA 447 × TC 385 A, TA 427 × TC 399, TA 428 × TC 399 and CO 305 × TD 268 had good compatibility. The research concluded that GCA was more important that SCA, indicating that the additive genetic effects are mainly involved in the heredity of yield potential of maize. For the non-additive effects to increase, the next selection cycles must focus on plants’ pairs with more pronounced heterosis for the yield trait.

scholarly journals Selection of squash “Menina Brasileira” carrying the allele “Bush” with high yield potential

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane G Ferreira ◽  
Gabriella Q de Almeida ◽  
Herika P Pessoa ◽  
Françoise D Dariva ◽  
Felipe de O Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Group I ◽  
High Production ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT This study was performed to introduce the allele Bush of commercial cultivars with a bush growth habit into Cucurbita moschata accessions and select the best crossings for production potential and standard fruit shape “Menina Brasileira” through general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). To determine GCA and SCA, a partial diallel analysis was performed. The parental group (group I) consisted of two cultivars containing the dwarfism bush gene, and the second group (Group II), formed by five accessions of UFV Vegetable Germplasm Bank, with high production potential and fruit shape “Menina Brasileira”. We evaluated: productivity (PROD), fruit shape (FORM), growth rate until the 50th day after transplanting (CRESC), and length of the main stem on the 50th day (COMP). Significant differences were noticed for CRESC and COMP only between GCA of parents belonging to group I, in which Zapallo stood out. For PROD and FORM, diallel analysis proved to be efficient in studying GCA effects. Cultivar Piramoita (group I) and accessions BGH-4360 and BGH-5253 (group II) showed positive values for GCA, suggesting that these parents possess a higher frequency of favorable alleles for these two traits. Significance in SCA effects was also verified, highlighting the crossing Piramoita x BGH-4360, for PROD, indicating that this combination is the most promising for breeding purposes.

scholarly journals Combining ability of inbred lines of maize and stability of their respective single-crosses

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélio Mendes Aguiar ◽  
Luciana Aparecida Carlini-Garcia ◽  
Adelmo Resende da Silva ◽  
Mateus Figueiredo Santos ◽  
Antonio Augusto Franco Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Ear Height

The utilization of diallel crosses for identification of superior combinations is a common practice in maize (Zea mays L.) breeding programs. This methodology allows the estimation of the combining ability of genotypes being evaluated. In this work, five inbred lines were evaluated as to their general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities, by using a complete diallel scheme. The single-crosses produced between these inbred lines were evaluated in seven environments, along with two checks, by using a randomized complete block design. Traits analized were: grain yield, plant height, ear height, ear placement, and prolificacy. A diallel analysis was carried out, following an adaptation of Griffing's method IV, in addition to hybrid stability and adaptability analyses. Significant differences were detected for entries and environments for all traits. The interaction genotype vs. environment was significant for all traits. GCA's were significant for all traits, while SCA's were non-significant only for ear placement. For grain yield, both additive (GCA) and non-additive (SCA) effects were important, while for the remaining traits additive effects were more important. The high yielding single-cross was obtained from the cross of lines L-08-05F and L-38-05D. Those inbred lines showed higher GCA's and their cross also had high SCA; also, it is responsive to environment improvements and reasonably stable. The second in rank high yielding single-cross, L-46-10D x L-08-05F, showed wide adaptability and stability.

scholarly journals FACTORS AFFECTING THE NUMBER AND USE OF BULL CALVES FROM ONTARIO DAIRY FARMS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-617
Author(s):  
J. E. CORE ◽  
J. B. STONE ◽  
T. D. BURGESS ◽  
P. A. WRIGHT
Keyword(s):  
Mail Survey ◽  
Production Level ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Group I ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Dairy Bulls ◽  
Dairy Bull

A 1971 mail survey of a sample including 924 Ontario dairy farmers was conducted to gather information on the use of dairy bull calves born on their farms. Factors affecting the breeding programs (dairy × dairy, beef × dairy, or both) on these farms were investigated, along with the factors affecting the number of bull calves raised (89,800) versus sold (111,900) from these farms. Three types of producers were considered: group I or fluid milk shippers; group II or manufactured milk shippers; and cream producers. It is shown that the type of breeding program used by Ontario dairy farmers (beef or dairy bulls), the type of calves born (dairy or crossbred), the number of dairy bull calves raised versus sold, the use for which dairy bull calves are raised on the home farm, and the destination of dairy bull calves sold are dependent on: (1) type of producer; (2) region of group I production; (3) production level of group I producers; (4) region of group II production; and (5) production level of group II producers. The number of producers raising versus selling these calves was dependent only on factors (1) and (4).

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