scholarly journals A 3-D evaluation of transverse dentoalveolar changes and maxillary first molar root length after rapid or slow maxillary expansion in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helder Baldi Jacob ◽  
Gerson Luiz Ulema Ribeiro ◽  
Jeryl D. English ◽  
Juliana da Silva Pereira ◽  
Mauricio Brunetto
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bone Changes

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of the present study was to conduct a randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and slow maxillary expansion (SME). Maxillary permanent first molar root length and tooth movement through the alveolus were studied using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Subjects with maxillary transverse deficiencies between 7 and 10 years of age were included. Using Haas-type expanders, children were randomly assigned to two groups: RME (19 subjects, mean age of 8.60 years) and SME (13 subjects, mean age of 8.70 years). Results: Buccal cortical, buccal bone thicknesses and dentoalveolar width decreased in both groups. In the RME group the greatest decrease was related to distal bone thickness (1.26 mm), followed by mesial bone thickness (1.09 mm), alveolar width (0.57 mm), and the buccal cortical (0.19 mm). In the SME group the mesial bone thickness decreased the most (0.87 mm) and the buccal cortical decreased the least (0.22 mm). The lingual bone thickness increased in the RME and SME groups (0.56 mm and 0.42 mm, respectively). The mesial root significantly increased in the RME group (0.52 mm) and in the SME group (0.40 mm), possibly due to incomplete root apex formation at T1 (prior to installation of expanders). Conclusions: Maxillary expansion (RME and SME) does not interrupt root formation neither shows first molar apical root resorption in juvenile patients. Although slightly larger in the RME group than SME group, both activation protocols showed similar buccal bone thickness and lingual bone thickness changes, without significant difference; and RME presented similar buccal cortical bone changes to SME.

scholarly journals Buccal alveolar bone changes following rapid maxillary expansion and fixed appliance therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Sperl ◽  
Laurence Gaalaas ◽  
John Beyer ◽  
Thorsten Grünheid
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Bone Changes

ABSTRACT Objectives To assess factors that may be associated with buccal bone changes adjacent to maxillary first molars after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and fixed appliance therapy. Materials and Methods Pretreatment (T1) and posttreatment (T2) cone-beam computed tomography scans were obtained from 45 patients treated with RME and preadjusted edgewise appliances. Buccal alveolar bone thickness was measured adjacent to the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary first molar 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction, and anatomic defects were recorded. Paired and unpaired t-tests were used to compare alveolar bone thickness at T1 and T2 and to determine whether teeth with posttreatment anatomic defects had thinner initial bone. Correlation analyses were used to examine relationships between buccal alveolar bone thickness changes and amount of expansion, initial bone thickness, age at T1, postexpansion retention time, and treatment time. Results There was a statistically significant reduction in buccal alveolar bone thickness from T1 to T2. Approximately half (47.7%) of the teeth developed anatomic defects from T1 to T2. These teeth had significantly thinner buccal bone at T1. Reduction in alveolar bone thickness was correlated with only one tested variable: initial bone thickness. Conclusions RME and fixed-appliance therapy can be associated with significant reduction in buccal alveolar bone thickness and an increase in anatomic defects adjacent to the expander anchor teeth. Anchor teeth with greater initial buccal bone thickness have less reduction in buccal bone thickness and are less likely to develop posttreatment anatomic defects of buccal bone.

scholarly journals Tooth and bone changes after initial anterior dental alignment using preformed vs customized nickel titanium archwires in adults: A randomized clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Papatpong Phermsang-ngarm ◽  
Chairat Charoemratrote
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Incisor Tooth ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Objectives: To compare tooth movement achieved, time required for alignment, root resorption, and alveolar bone thickness changes during initial dental alignment between groups treated with 0.012-inch preformed heat-activated or customized nickel titanium (NiTi) archwires. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two subjects (mean age 19.8 ± 1.7 years) with severe crowding of maxillary anterior teeth had premolar extractions and were randomly allocated into control and experimental groups receiving preformed heat-activated and customized NiTi archwires, respectively. Limited field of view cone-beam computed tomographies were taken initially (T0) and three months after final alignment (TF) to evaluate bone changes. Digital model analysis assessed tooth movement at monthly intervals. Time to achieve alignment was assessed in months. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann–Whitney U-tests were used to compare changes within and between groups, as appropriate. Results: Central incisor tooth movement was significantly different (all P ≤ .003) between groups at all time points. TF-T0 showed labial movement (0.75 ± 1.42 mm) in the control group and palatal movement (−0.96 ± 0.41 mm) in the experimental group. The experimental compared to control group showed significantly more canine distal movement (0.60 ± 0.28 mm; P ≤ .049), less labial bone thickness changes (P ≤ .004), less root resorption of the central and lateral incisors (P ≤ .007), and a longer time to achieve alignment (P = .01). Conclusions: The experimental group exhibited palatal movement of the central incisors, more canine distal movement with less bone thickness changes, and less root resorption but took more time to achieve alignment than the control group.

scholarly journals Evaluation of miniscrew-supported rapid maxillary expansion in adolescents: A prospective randomized clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 702-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tugce Celenk-Koca ◽  
Aslihan Ertan Erdinc ◽  
Serpil Hazar ◽  
Lacey Harris ◽  
Jeryl D. English ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Skeletal Changes ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Length Measurements ◽  
Tooth Inclination

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate and compare the dental and skeletal changes with conventional and miniscrew-supported maxillary expansion appliances in adolescents. Materials and Methods: Forty patients were divided into two groups, with one group receiving a tooth-borne expander and the other group receiving an expander supported by four miniscrews (bone-borne). Multiplanar coronal and axial slices obtained from cone-beam computed tomography images were used to measure the changes in transverse skeletal widths, buccal bone thickness, tooth inclination, and root length. Paired t-tests and independent-sample t-tests were used to compare the two expansion methods. Results: Bone-borne expansion increased the maxillary suture opening more than 2.5 times than tooth-borne expansion both anteriorly and posteriorly. Between the maxillary first premolars, sutural expansion accounted for 28% and 70% of the total transverse width increase in the tooth-borne and bone-borne expander groups, respectively. Similarly, 26% and 68% of the total expansion was of skeletal nature in the tooth-borne and bone-borne expander groups between the maxillary first molars. The pattern of expansion was variable, with most of the patients in both groups demonstrating a triangular-shaped sutural opening that was wider anteriorly. Subjects in the conventional group experienced significantly more buccal bone reduction and greater buccal inclination of the teeth. No significant differences were observed for root length measurements between the two groups. Conclusion: Use of bone-borne expansion in the adolescent population increased the extent of skeletal changes in the range of 1.5 to 2.8 times that of tooth-borne expansion and did not result in any dental side effects.

scholarly journals Effects of rapid maxillary expansion in cleft patients resulting from the use of two different expanders

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 82-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Santos Fonseca Figueiredo ◽  
Lucas Cardinal ◽  
Flávia Uchôa Costa Bartolomeo ◽  
Juan Martin Palomo ◽  
Martinho Campolina Rebello Horta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Tomographic Image ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Downward Movement ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maxillary Region

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the skeletal and dental effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in cleft patients using two types of expanders. Methods: Twenty unilateral cleft lip and palate patients were randomly divided into two groups, according to the type of expander used: (I) modified Hyrax and (II) inverted Mini-Hyrax. A pretreatment cone-beam computed tomographic image (T0) was taken as part of the initial orthodontic records and three months after RME, for bone graft planning (T1). Results: In general, there was no significant difference among groups (p > 0.05). Both showed a significant transverse maxillary expansion (p < 0.05) and no significant forward and/or downward movement of the maxilla (p > 0.05). There was greater dental crown than apical expansion. Maxillary posterior expansion tended to be larger than anterior opening (p < 0.05). Cleft and non-cleft sides were symmetrically expanded and there was no difference in dental tipping between both sides (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The appliances tested are effective in the transverse expansion of the maxilla. However, these appliances should be better indicated to cleft cases also presenting posterior transverse discrepancy, since there was greater expansion in the posterior maxillary region than in the anterior one.

scholarly journals Rapid maxillary expansion: Do banded teeth develop more external root resorption than non-banded anchorage teeth?

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora C Martins ◽  
Bernardo Q Souki ◽  
Paula L Cheib ◽  
Gerluza A.B Silva ◽  
Igor D.G Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Resorption ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Orthodontic Anchorage ◽  
External Root Resorption ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Band Group ◽  
Orthodontic Forces ◽  
Root Surfaces

ABSTRACT Objective:  To compare external root resorption (ERR) when bands and wires are used as orthodontic anchorage during rapid maxillary expansion (RME). Materials and Methods:  Histologic analysis was performed on 108 sites from 18 maxillary first premolars and on 36 sites from six mandibular first premolars in nine subjects (mean age = 15.2 ± 1.4 years) 3 months after RME. Maxillary teeth were pooled into two groups (n = 54 each) according to the type of orthodontic anchorage (band group [BG] vs wire group [WG]). Anchorage type was randomly chosen in a split-mouth design. Mandibular first premolars, which were not subjected to orthodontic forces, were used as the control group (CG). Results:  All premolars in the BG and WG showed ERR at the level of the cementum and dentin. Repair with cementum cells was observed in all resorption areas, but complete repair was rarely found. No statistically significant difference was found between the BG and WG with regard to the ERR. No association was found between the root height position (middle or cervical third) and the incidence of ERR. Buccal root surfaces showed a higher amount of ERR compared with the palatal and interproximal surfaces. ERR was not found in any teeth in the CG. Conclusion:  All maxillary first premolars subjected to RME showed ERR and partial cementum repair. Banded teeth did not develop more ERR than nonbanded anchorage teeth.

scholarly journals Effects of different force magnitudes on corticotomy-assisted orthodontic tooth movement in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 632-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kriangkrai Kraiwattanapong ◽  
Bancha Samruajbenjakun
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Histomorphometric Analysis ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Light Force

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the effects of light and heavy forces with corticotomy on tooth movement rate, alveolar bone response, and root resorption in a rat model. Materials and Methods: The right and left sides of 40 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned using the split-mouth design to two groups: light force with corticotomy (LF) and heavy force with corticotomy (HF). Tooth movement was performed on the maxillary first molars using a nickel-titanium closed-coil spring delivering either 10 g (light force) or 50 g (heavy force). Tooth movement and alveolar bone response were assessed by micro–computed tomography (micro-CT) at day 0 as the baseline and on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. Root resorption was examined by histomorphometric analysis at day 28. Results: Micro-CT analysis showed a significantly greater tooth movement in the HF group at days 7 and 14 but no difference in bone volume fraction at any of the observed periods. Histomorphometric analysis found no significant difference in root resorption between the LF and HF groups at day 28. Conclusions: Heavy force with corticotomy increased tooth movement at days 7 and 14 but did not show any difference in alveolar bone change or root resorption.

scholarly journals Image-based study of marginal bone loss in teeth restored with cast endodontic posts

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-359
Author(s):  
Sandro Luiz FARIAS ◽  
Milena Bortolloto Felippe SILVA ◽  
Rielson José Alves CARDOSO ◽  
Marcelo SPERANDIO
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cone Beam Tomography ◽  
Bone Height

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess marginal bone loss in teeth restored with endodontic posts on all four aspects of the teeth using cone beam tomography. Bone loss was assessed via scores (0-5) in relation to root length and bone height. The results showed that the scores for the contralateral and restored sides, respectively, ranged from 0 to 3 and 0 to 5 buccally, 0 to 4 and 0 to 4 palatally, 0 to 3 and 0 and 4 mesially and 0 to 3 and 0 to 4 distally. A significant difference in bone loss was observed between the post-restored teeth and their contralaterals for the buccal, lingual/palatal and mesial aspects (p<0.05), with teeth bearing endodontic posts scoring highest. In conclusion, marginal bone loss was higher in teeth restored with intra-canal posts when compared to their sound contralaterals.

scholarly journals Evaluation of root resorption following rapid maxillary expansion using cone-beam computed tomography

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asli Baysal ◽  
Irfan Karadede ◽  
Seyit Hekimoglu ◽  
Faruk Ucar ◽  
Törün Ozer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Maxillary Expansion

scholarly journals Comparison of Rate of Canine Retraction and Secondary Outcomes Associated With Conventional Fixed Orthodontic Treatment and Minimally Invasive Techniques (MOPs): A Randomized Control Trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 030157422096350
Author(s):  
Ajit Vikram Parihar ◽  
Shivam Verma ◽  
TP Chaturvedi ◽  
Naresh Kumar ◽  
A Kavin Prasanth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pain Level ◽  
Canine Retraction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Anchorage Loss

Introduction: The objective of the study was to assess the rate of canine retraction and secondary outcomes associated with conventional fixed orthodontic treatment (CFO) and CFO with micro-osteoperforation (CFO + MOP), that is, anchorage loss, root resorption, vitality of tooth, pain and discomfort level during the procedure. Methods: A total of 16 patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusion who required upper first premolar extraction with lower non-extraction/single incisor extraction were divided into the test group (MOP) and positive control group (CFO + MOP) for a split-mouth study. Both maxillary canines were retracted with nickel–titanium (NiTi) closed coil springs. Patients were reviewed after 24 hours, 7 days, 28 days, and 4, 8, and 16 weeks to assess the rate of tooth movement, anchorage loss, root resorption, vitality of tooth, pain and discomfort level. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the rate of tooth movement between the CFO and CFO + MOP groups after the first 4 weeks ( P-value = .026), whereas no statistically significant difference was observed at 8, 12, and 16 weeks ( P-value = .33, .99, and .08, respectively). In the CFO group, there was no statistically significant difference in tooth movement between different time intervals ( P-value > .05). There was no significant difference in root resorption between the groups. The pain level was higher in the MOP group in the first 24 hours ( P-value < .05) after the procedure. Later on, the difference in pain level between the groups was not significant ( P-value > .05). The vitality of retracted canines in both groups was healthy. Conclusion: The study recommends that the CFO + MOP procedure has substantial potential to be used as an adjunct to the routine mechanotherapy for faster tooth movement, as it may reduce the treatment time by half in the first 4 weeks after the MOP procedure. There are no potential differences in anchorage loss, tipping, vitality, and apical and lateral root resorption between the CFO and CFO + MOP groups. This trial was registered at Clinical Trial Registry, India.

scholarly journals Evaluation of maxillary central incisors on the noncleft and cleft sides in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate—Part 1: Relationship between root length and orthodontic tooth movement

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Maeda-Iino ◽  
Kanako Marutani ◽  
Minami Furukawa ◽  
Shoko Nakagawa ◽  
Sangho Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Maxillary Protraction ◽  
Alveolar Bone Grafting ◽  
Secondary Alveolar Bone Grafting

ABSTRACT Objectives: To measure the root lengths of maxillary central incisors (U1) and evaluate the relationship among U1 root length, tooth movement, and type of treatment appliance in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate over a long-term follow-up period. Materials and Methods: Occlusal radiographs of 30 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, acquired less than 6 months before secondary alveolar bone grafting (SBG, T1) and after edgewise treatment (T2), were measured for U1 root length (R1 and R2, root lengths at T1 and T2, respectively). Frontal and lateral cephalometric radiographs acquired at eruption of U1 (T0), T1, and T2 were evaluated to determine the inclination and position of U1. Results: The average values of R1 and R2 on the cleft side were significantly lower than those on the noncleft side. Frontal cephalometric analysis revealed that the horizontal distance of the root apex from the median vertical line at T0 on the cleft side was significantly smaller than that on the noncleft side and was correlated with short U1 root length on the cleft side. On the other hand, R1 in patients treated with maxillary protraction appliances between T0 and T1 was significantly shorter than that in patients without maxillary protraction appliances. However, none of the changes in cephalometric measurements were correlated with root length. Conclusions: In patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, the short root length of cleft-adjacent central incisors might be associated with the horizontal position of the root apex. In addition, orthodontic treatment with a maxillary protraction appliance before secondary alveolar bone grafting might be associated with short U1 root length.

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