scholarly journals Primary thyroid tuberculosis: a rare etiology of hypothyroidism and anterior cervical mass mimicking carcinoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Paulino da Silva ◽  
Erico Gurgel Amorim ◽  
Elizabeth João Pavin ◽  
Antonio Santos Martins ◽  
Patrícia Sabino de Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Neck Dissection ◽  
Fine Needle Biopsy ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Cervical Mass ◽  
Caseous Necrosis ◽  
Node Involvement ◽  
Thyroid Tuberculosis

OBJECTIVE: The involvement of the thyroid by tuberculosis (TB) is rare. Hypothyroidism caused by tissue destruction is an extremely rare report. Our aim was to report a patient with primary thyroid TB emphasizing the importance of diagnosis, despite the rarity of the occurrence. CASE REPORT: Women, 62 years old, showing extensive cervical mass since four months, referring lack of appetite, weight loss, dysphagia and dysphonia. Laboratorial investigation revealed primary hypothyroidism. Cervical ultrasound: expansive lesion in left thyroid lobe, involving adjacent muscle. Computed tomography scan: 13 cm diameter cervical mass with central necrosis. Fine needle biopsy: hemorrhagic material. Surgery: total thyroidectomy, left radical neck dissection and protective tracheotomy. The pathological examination showed chronic granulomatous inflammatory process with areas of caseous necrosis and lymph node involvement. The thyroid baciloscopy was positive. Pulmonary disease was absent. The patient was treated with antituberculosis drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Thyroid TB is not frequent, and should be considered as differential diagnosis of hypothyroidism and anterior cervical mass.

Evaluation of pre-operative clinical finding and per-operative assessment of carcinoma stomach in tertiary settings of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Mst Jesmen Nahar ◽  
Md Mahiuddin Matubber ◽  
Md Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Md Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Syed Muhammad Baqul Billah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Lesion Detection ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
P Value ◽  
Operative Finding ◽  
Node Involvement ◽  
Carcinoma Stomach

Background: Carcinoma stomach, a major killer cancer all over the world, is still presenting late in developing countries due to delay in early diagnosis, lack of awareness, infrastructure etc. Objectives: To establish the importance of preoperative evaluation on operability of carcinoma stomach. Methods: Sixty clinically and histopathologically diagnosed ca stomach cases who underwent surgery in department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, and Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka in 2011 were assessed with clinical picture, investigations, preoperative evaluation and peroperative findings were recorded. Z test for proportion was used to assess clinical decision predictability with a p value of :s;0.05 as significant. Results: Male (73.33%) predominant with 2.75:1 male:female ratio was observed. Mobility, fixity and abdominal lymphadenopathy were not well detected through clinical assessment (p=0.001) while ascites, metastasis and Shelf of Slummer were similar in both clinical and operative finding. The endoscopy of upper GIT finding gave a unique picture as the findings were almost same as were found during operation. USG detected a lesser proportion of the clinical condition compared to peroperative condition whereas CT performed better than the USG except for the lesion detection. Though Computed Tomography (CT) detected higher percentage of lesion, metastasis, ascites and lymph node involvement compared to ultrasonogram (USG), it was significantly higher only for lesion detection (p=0.002) and lymph node involvement (p=<0.001). In the similar manner USG assessment of lesion detection (p=<0.001) and lymph node involvement (p=0.003) was significantly low compared to operative finding. When we looked between CT and operative finding only lesion detection was significantly low (p=0.01) indicating CT to be most effective predictor of clinical picture for operative decision. Preoperative plan were mostly not in accordance with peroperative decision except for total gastrectomy. Conclusion: The study indicates weakness in clinical detection and pre-operative plan compared to per-operative finding. Hence combination of clinical feature and investigation tools especially endoscopy of upper GIT combined with CT is recommended to predict a better operative decision. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (1): 43-46

scholarly journals Comparison of MRI findings with actual HPE findings in case of carcinoma endometrium

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaveta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Myometrial Invasion ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Pelvic Mri ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Node Involvement ◽  
Cervical Involvement

Objectives: The objectives of this study is to investigate the correlation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting the depth of myometrial invasion, cervical involvement and lymph node involvement and actual histopathological findings in the women with endometrial cancer. Methods: This is a reterospective study of the patients of endometrial cancer from Nov 2011 to Jan 2016 who underwent Surgery (Total abdominal Hystrectomy with B/l salpingoophorectomy with peritoneal washings with b/l pelvic lymphadenectomy with or without para aortic lymphadenectomy) at our centre Max Superspeciality Hospital. CE MRI Pelvis has been done pre operatively in every patient. After the surgery Histopathological reports of the specimen checked and compared with MRI findings of that case. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the validity of MRI findings of endometrial cancer in comparison to final histopathological findings. Results: For the detection of myometrial invasion, overall sensitivity of MRI is 93.9%, specificity is 66.6%, for cervical involvement Senstivity is 60% and specificity 1s 93.75% and for detection of lymph node involvement sensitivity is 66.6% and specificity is 93.5%. Most common Finding on MRI is thickened endometrium with disruption of Junction jone. Conclusions: Preoperative pelvic MRI is a sensitive method of identifying invasion to the myometrium in endometrial cancer. MRI Is a sensitive noninvasive modality in predicting locoregional spread in ca endometrium. Senstivity in detecting Myometrial invasion is high but sensitivity is less in detecting cervical involvement and lymph node involvement is less.

scholarly journals The giant resectable carcinoma of gall bladder—a case report

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lovenish Bains ◽  
Haraesh Maranna ◽  
Pawan Lal ◽  
Ronal Kori ◽  
Daljit Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Chronic Cholecystitis ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Node Involvement ◽  
Uncommon Condition ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Vague Abdominal Pain ◽  
Common Malignancy

Abstract Background Gall bladder cancer (GBC) is the fifth most common malignancy in the gastrointestinal system and the most common malignancy of the biliary system. GBC is a very aggressive malignancy having a 5 year survival rate of 19%. Giant Gall Bladder (GGB) is an uncommon condition that can result from cholelithiasis or chronic cholecystitis and rarely with malignancy. Case report A 65 year old lady presented with vague abdominal pain for 12 years and right abdominal lump of size 20 × 8 cms was found on examination. CT scan showed a circumferentially irregularly thickened wall (2.5 cm) of gall bladder indicative of malignancy. Per-operatively a GB of size 24 × 9 cm was noted and patient underwent radical cholecystectomy. It was surprise to find such a giant malignant GB with preserved planes. Histopathology, it was well differentiated adenocarcinoma of gall bladder of Stage II (T2a N0 M0). Discussion It is known that mucocoele of GB can attain large size, however chronic cholecystitis will lead to a shrunken gall bladder rather than an enlarged one. A malignant GB of such size and resectable is rare without any lymph node involvement or liver infiltration. Few cases of giant benign gall bladder have been reported in literature, however this appears to be the largest resectable gall bladder carcinoma reported till date as per indexed literature. Conclusion Giant GB is an uncommon finding. They are mostly benign, however malignant cases can occur. Radiological findings may suggest features of malignancy and define extent of disease. Prognosis depends on stage of disease and resectability, irrespective of size.

scholarly journals PD-L1 Expression in Muscle Invasive Urothelial Carcinomas as Assessed via Immunohistochemistry: Correlations with Specific Clinical and Pathological Features, with Emphasis on Prognosis after Radical Cystectomy

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Ioan Alin Nechifor-Boilă ◽  
Andrada Loghin ◽  
Adela Nechifor-Boilă ◽  
Myriam Decaussin-Petrucci ◽  
Septimiu Voidăzan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Histological Variant ◽  
Node Involvement ◽  
Positive Score ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
N Stage ◽  
Combined Positive Score ◽  
Muscle Invasive

In the present study, we analyzed Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in radical cystectomy (RC) specimens from patients with muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC), in order to assess any correlations with specific clinicopathological features and its potential prognostic value. A multi-institutional study was performed within the departments of urology and pathology at the Mureș County Hospital, Romania, and Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, France. Sixty-nine patients with MIBC were included, for whom tumor histology (conventional versus histological variant/differentiation), tumor extension (T), lymph node involvement (N), and distant metastases (M) were recorded. PD-L1 immunostaining was performed using the 22C3 clone and was interpreted using the combined positive score (CPS) as recommended (Dako Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Positive PD-L1 immunostaining was more prevalent among UCs with squamous differentiation compared to conventional UCs and trended towards an improved OS (p = 0.366). We found the T stage to be a risk factor for poor survival in PD-L1-positive patients (HR 2.9, p = 0.021), along with the N stage in PD-L1-negative patients (HR 1.98, p = 0.007). No other clinicopathological factor was found to be significantly associated with PD-L1 positivity. Thus, we confirm the need for PD-L1 immunostaining prior to initiating immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for a more accurate assessment of the patients’ chances of responding to treatment.

scholarly journals Y-Box binding protein 1 expression in breast cancer and its correlation with hormone receptors and other prognostic markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 420-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taruna Bansal ◽  
Nadeem Tanveer ◽  
Usha Rani Singh ◽  
Sonal Sharma ◽  
Navneet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Node Involvement

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The present histologic and immunohistochemical prognostic markers of breast carcinoma do not effectively identify the subset of patients with poor prognosis. Y-Box binding protein 1 (YB1) is a novel biomarker which may identify and aid in targeted personalized therapy for such patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on histopathology specimens of 74 patients of breast carcinoma who had undergone modified radical mastectomy. YB1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on manual tissue microarray blocks (each having 15 cores). The YB1 expression was quantified in terms of “immunoreactive score” which was correlated with clinical parameters, hormone receptor status, and Her2neu overexpression by IHC. The Her2neu status of the equivocal cases was further evaluated by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). RESULTS: YB1 was positive in 36/74 (48.6%) cases. On IHC and analysis by FISH, 25/74 (34%) cases had Her2neu overexpression. Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positivity was found in 42% and 36.5% cases, respectively. YB1 immunopositivity was negatively correlated with ER and PR expression, but showed a significant positive correlation with Her2neu expression. No correlation was found with other clinical parameters, tumor stage, and grade, except lymph node involvement, which showed a positive association with YB1 expression. Triple-negative breast carcinoma constituted 25.6% of the total cases, out of which 73.6% were YB1 positive. CONCLUSION: This study found that YB1 has an association with Her2neu expression. It may in future provide a therapeutic target in Her2neu overexpressing tumors.

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