Relationship between the Preoperative Albumin Levels and Postoperative Complications in Carcinoma Stomach Patients

Background: Malnutrition in gastrointestinal cancer patients adversely affects the surgical outcomes. low serum albumin and postoperative complications were associated with one another. Objectives: To find out the relationship between preoperative albumin levels and postoperative complications among carcinoma stomach patients. Materials and Methods: The present study was a single institution retrospective study carried out in the department of general surgery, Saveetha medical college and hospital between February 2021 to July 2021. Fifty patients diagnosed with carcinoma stomach and electively posted for surgery during the study period were included into the study. The data was collected using structured proforma. Preoperative albumin and haemoglobin levels were estimated using blood samples. All the data collected were analysed using SPSS version 23. Results: The preoperative albumin levels among those who had reported complication was 3.04±0.19 g/dl while those who had no complication in the postoperative period had preoperative albumin level of 3.82±0.31g/dl. The preoperative mean haemoglobin level among those who developed complications in the post operative period was 9.68±0.95 mg/dl and the mean haemoglobin level among those with no complication was 11.46±1.89 mg/dl. Albumin and haemoglobin values were found to be negatively correlated with duration of stay in hospital. Conclusion: Malnutrition in the preoperative period would increase the probability of occurrence of postoperative complications and increased duration of stay in hospital. Attending to malnutrition of the admitted patients in the preoperative period would help in decreasing the postoperative complications and duration of stay.

A Rare case of Menetrier’s disease presenting with Protein Losing Gastropathy Mimicking Carcinoma Stomach

Ménétrier's disease (MD) (also known as giant hypertrophic gastritis or hypoproteinemic hypertrophic gastropathy) is a rare premalignant entity characterized by markedly hypertrophied mucosal folds of the fundus and the gastric corpus typically associated with , hypochlorhydria, protein losing enteropathy causing hypoalbuminemia and anemia. However, the natural history of MD in adults remains unclear and is rarely reported in the literature. Its constellation of classic symptoms includes nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and peripheral edema, and it is associated with increased risk of gastric cancer. Nevertheless, its pathophysiology is not yet fully understood and clinical and endoscopic diagnosis can be difficult to establish. Malignant transformation in MD should not be overlooked, and regular monitoring of the gastric mucosa via endoscopy is necessary.

A retrospective analysis of cancers in a rural tertiary care centre

Background: In the last couple of decades, cancer incidence has been raising heavily, probably due to our changing lifestyle, habits, and increased life expectancy. The situation is so alarming that every fourth person is having a lifetime risk of cancer.Methods: The study was conducted as a retrospective study among the various cancer patients admitted in our tertiary care centre for a period of 10 years from 2011 to 2020. The data and the case sheets from the hospital records were obtained from the MRD department. The case sheets were reviewed by the investigators on the variables viz age, gender, diagnosis, cancer site, investigations and treatment aspects. The data were entered in the MS excel sheet and analyzed using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 21. The data were expressed in terms of frequencies and percentages.Results: Total cases reported were 121 of which in the year 2014 and 2015, the cancer cases reported were 32% and 26% respectively. Then again there was a peak in 2018 and 2019 with 8% and 31% with one case each in the year 2017 and 2020. High prevalence is seen with Breast cancer, which showed 60% followed by carcinoma stomach which is 18% and carcinoma rectum which is 9%. The cancers showed low prevalence, which is 1% include carcinoma prostate, carcinoma larynx, gastro intestinal stromal tumor and retro peritoneal lipo sarcoma.Conclusions: Our study revealed that the cancer cases are high and it showed increasing trend which suggests that the population based cancer registries to be made at all levels of health care to identify the time trends so that prevention measures can be implemented at the community level.

Clinicopathological Evaluation of Metastatic Carcinomas of Bone Marrow Presenting as Cytopenia

Background – Metastatic carcinomas can involve bone marrow and may lead to subsequent marrow fibrosis and failure. The Bone marrow examination is important in patients diagnosed or patients on chemotherapy for cancer, who presented with peripheral cytopenia. The metastasis of bone marrow by these tumors is a sign of advanced stage of disease with poor prognosis. Methods – Our study is a retrospective study, in which we reviewed a total of 702 bone marrow procedures, out of which 118 bone marrow procedures done in patients with a diagnosis of cancer or patients on chemotherapy presented as cytopenia in Great Eastern Medical College and Hospital during a period of 10 years. Result – In our study of 118 patients 74 males and 44 females. Peripheral smear examination of these cases - 24 out of 32 (75%) presented with anemia, which was the commonest clinical presentation. Others were, thrombocytopenia in 18 (50%), bleeding manifestations in 10 (31.2%), Pancytopenia in 9 (28.1%), bi-cytopenia in 4 (12.5%). During this study period, among 118 malignancies reported in histopathology, 32 cases show bone marrow metastasis. 17.1% were carcinoma breast, 25% were carcinoma stomach 33.3% were carcinoma prostate and carcinoma urinary bladder, 23.5% were SCC carcinoma lung, 0% carcinoma Cervix, all cases of Ewing’s sarcoma, neuroblastoma and poorly differentiated carcinoma show bone marrow metastasis. Conclusion - Bone marrow examination is valuable tool in the diagnosis and staging of hematologic and nonhematological disease, as well as in the assessment of overall bone marrow cellularity, pattern of marrow involvement in metastatic carcinomas.

FUNCTIONAL FOODS FOR PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF CANCER

After cardiovascular diseases, in most developed nations cancer is the second leading cause of mortality. Additional to the rising tumor-related behaviors, especially smoking in developing nations, the global prevalence of cancer keeps climbing primarily cos of the aging and expansion of the global population. Lung carcinoma, liver carcinoma, intestinal carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, breast carcinoma, stomach carcinoma, etc., are the largest global burden of cancer types. More than half of all cases of cancer and mortality are considered preventable globally. There are food components that, beyond basic nutrition, provide health benefits. These functional foods are known to do more than just provide nutrients because they help to sustain health and thereby decrease the risk of disease. In recent times, functional foods have acquired enormous importance for their anticipated visualized involvement in the treatment of various pathologies such as cancer. To see the impact of functional foods on wellbeing or cancer or associated states, there are very few researches performed worldwide. Several functional foods derived from diverse sources, such as plants, animals, and microbial sources, have noticeable anticancer effects. In this review, we show light on the different types of cancers and also highlighted different functional foods that can help in the prevention as well as treatment of different types of carcinoma.

A Clinico-pathological Correlation of Carcinoma Stomach and ABO Blood Group

Introduction: Stomach cancer related to higher rate for blood group A over other ABO types, a prospective assessment of relation between blood group and carcinoma stomach was performed with a view to state the role of ABO blood group in the development of gastric cancer with relationship of clinico-pathological variation. This study sought to investigate the relationship between ABO blood groups and the risk of gastric cancer as well as clinical pathological parameters. Materials and Methods: A Prospective random observational study carried between October 2005 to September 2006 in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Department of Surgery & Radiotherapy. Maximum patients admitted in the surgery units with diagnosed case of carcinoma stomach were taken as sample or study population & rest attended in radiotherapy department in DMCH. Results: Among the 70 cases the mean age is 44.3(18-65) (M/F=4:1) years. All the information and data taken from Hospital records and patients themselves or first degree relatives. Results Blood group B-42.85%, A-34.28%, O- 15.71% only 11.42% gave positive family history. Histopathological report show's Adenocarcinoma 95% and among them blood group B 40% and A 31.42%. The differentiation of carcinoma stomach are categorized as Grade-I well differentiated, 37.14% cases moderately differentiated 15.71% and poorly differentiated 45.71%. Among them blood group B is more in case of poorly differentiated carcinoma 25.71%, blood group A is more in well differentiated carcinoma 17.14%. Conclusion: Blood group 'A' has an established relationship with carcinoma stomach. In this study it is found that blood group 'B' is more associated with carcinoma stomach and with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(1): 27-33

Solitary Ureteral Metastasis of Carcinoma Stomach : An Unusual Presentation

Ureteral metastasis from gastric cancer is rare. It is usually diagnosed in the setting of an advanced gastric cancer or on postmortem examination. Isolated ureteral metastasis without involvement of other sites is extremely rare. We describe a 35-years age woman with gastric cancer and right ureteral metastasis. She presented with right flank pain due to right sided hydro-ureteronephrosis following ureteral obstruction. Surgical relief of the obstruction was sought and the surgical biopsy specimens showed metastatic adenocarcinoma in the ureteral wall. A search for the primary lesion revealed gastric cancer. She denied any symptoms referable to her upper GI tract. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2018 p.40-42