scholarly journals Hepatitis B status in hemodialysis patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maia Nogueira Crown GUIMARÃES ◽  
Tila FACINCANI ◽  
Sigrid De Sousa dos SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Seroconversion Rate ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Occult Hbv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbv Vaccine ◽  
Occult Hbv

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Patients on chronic dialysis present a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection. Despite infection-control practices, surveillance of serological markers, and hepatitis B vaccination, there are still outbreaks of the disease in dialysis centers. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the serologic and vaccination status for hepatitis B in hemodialysis patients. METHODS: This cross-sectional study assessed serologic markers and hepatitis B vaccination status of chronic kidney disease patients on regular dialysis program in São Carlos, SP, Brazil. Patients without information about hepatitis B status (anti-HBc, HBsAg and anti-HBs) were referred for testing. Individuals with uncertain or incomplete immunization status and without serological conversion (anti-HBs <10mIU/mL) were referred to vaccination, with adverse effects monitored. RESULTS: The study included 130 from a total of 181 dialysis patients. The majority were male (63.8%), mean age 53.9 years. All patients were already screened and negative for HBsAg, and 73.8% were vaccinated against hepatitis B (59.2% complete and 14.6% incomplete schedule), with a seroconversion rate of 75.3%. Only 11 (8.5%) patients had prior dosage of anti-HBc (negative). Among the 47 patients referred for anti-HBc testing, four were anti-HBc positive and one indeterminate. Of the total of patients referred to immunization, 34 have actually received HBV vaccine; among them five had mild adverse effects. CONCLUSION: Despite the benefit of dosing of anti-HBc and anti-HBs before admission to dialysis, economic constraints have reduced the screening to only HBsAg. Since occult HBV infection has already been demonstrated in hemodialysis patients, the measure of anti-HBc should be encouraged.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Awareness among Medical Students and Their Vaccination Status at Syrian Private University

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazir Ibrahim ◽  
Amr Idris
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Private University ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbv Vaccine ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Status

Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a potentially life-threating infection and a well-recognized occupational hazard for health-care workers including medical students. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Syrian Private University (SPU), Faculty of Medicine, to assess the knowledge and awareness about hepatitis B, the status of hepatitis B vaccination, and the reasons for not getting vaccinated among the first- and the fifth-year medical students. Results. The present study demonstrates surprising results and raises issues about the high number of medical students that are not vaccinated or not sure about their vaccination status, which puts them at a higher risk of being infected in the future. Another important issue is the medical students’ overall knowledge about this life-threating infection. The students have not been totally educated about the gravity of the situation which requires the need of further HBV education. It is highly recommended that SPU provides the HBV vaccine to all nonvaccinated students attending the faculty of medicine at no cost to encourage them to take the HBV vaccine and to reform some of its educational curriculum to effectively limit the hazardous effects of this disease and elaborate on the serious health consequences of HBV.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Preference, and Willingness to Pay for Hepatitis B Vaccination Services among Woman of Reproductive Age in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Anh Tuan Le Nguyen ◽  
Xuan Thanh Thi Le ◽  
Toan Thanh Thi Do ◽  
Cuong Tat Nguyen ◽  
Long Hoang Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbv Vaccine ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Hbv Vaccination

Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine is a critical approach to prevent HBV transmission from mother to child. However, despite high HBV prevalence, evidence about the preference of women of productive age for HBV vaccine in Vietnam was constrained. This study aims to explore the preference and willingness to pay (WTP) for the HBV vaccine in Vietnamese women in productive age. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hanoi in April 2016. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information about respondents’ socioeconomic status and knowledge about HBV vaccination. A contingent valuation approach was employed to measure the WTP for the HBV vaccine. Logistic and interval regressions were used to determine the associated factors. Results. Among 807 women, 80.8% were willing to have the vaccine injected which had the average price of 108,600 VND (95% CI, 97,580 VND–119,570 VND). Participants not suffering any diseases during pregnancy were more likely to be willing to pay for the HBV vaccine (OR = 3.41, 95% CI = 1.73–6.70). Not having the antenatal examination at central hospitals and working as farmers/workers were positively correlated with willingness to pay for this vaccine, while the number of children of respondents had a negative correlation with WTP. Conclusions. Our sampled women expressed a high willingness to pay for the vaccine. The price people were willing to pay for the vaccine, however, is equal to half of the actual price. These findings implied needs for better targeted public education interventions about HBV and the involvement of local medical staffs and the media in providing information. Efforts to reduce the price of the vaccine should also be warranted for scaling-up the coverage of this vaccine.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B vaccination status and associated factors among university students in Ghana: A cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akwasi Adjei Gyimah ◽  
Prince Peprah ◽  
Williams Agyemang-Duah ◽  
Eric Frimpong ◽  
Ariel Kwegyir Tsiboe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
University Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Immune Status of Cohort of Children Vaccinated against Hepatitis B Virus in Ekiti State over Ten Years after Incorporation into National Program on Immunization

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A. O. Ajayi ◽  
E. E. Emmanuel ◽  
I. O. Oluwayemi ◽  
A. Olu-Taiwo ◽  
M. S. Odimayo
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Seroconversion Rate ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
The Impact

Background: Hepatitis B vaccine has been introduced in Nigeria for over a decade now, yet, data on sero-conversion status of the immunized cohort in the population are scarce. Such data are important for objective evaluation of the impact and effectiveness of the HBV vaccination program. This study therefore aims at determining the sero-conversion status and the prevalence of HBV infection among immunized cohort of children in Ekiti state, Nigeria. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted across the three senatorial districts of Ekiti state, between October and December, 2017. A total of 441 children consisting of 226 males and 215 females (Male to female ratio= 1.1:1). Immunization was confirmed by immunization cards. Multistage sampling technique was used. Questionaire were administered after caregiver’s consent and assent from subjects, 2 to 5 mls of blood samples were then collected and tested for the various hepatitis B viral markers (HBeAg, HBeAb, HBcAb, HBsAb and HBsAg) using Hepatitis B combo kit manufactured by Innovita Biological Technology. Very low levels antibody titres which may not be detectable by qualitative detection method used is a limitation to this study. Results: Subjects were between 5 to 10 years. All subjects had 3 full doses of hepatitis B vaccination before the age of 1 year and all subjects were negative for HBsAg, HBeAg, HBeAB and HBcAb. However, only 47 (10.7%) had detectable HBsAb. Among HBsAb positive patients 22 were males while 25 were females. Our findings showed zero prevalence of hepatitis B but minimal seroconversion rate among vaccinated children in Ekiti state, Nigeria. Conclusion: Hepatitis B vaccination protects children against HBV in the study population. However, seroconversion rate showed that majority of the children may be at risk of HBV infection at a later age. We recommend a booster dose of HBV vaccination.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness of Hepatitis B Vaccination in Patients Visiting Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbv Vaccine ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a major health issue of the developing world, especially in Pakistan. Chronic Hepatitis B leads to an increased risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and is a massive burden on the total health expenditure of the nation. However, in our country people lack knowledge regarding the HBV vaccine and its availability and have various other reasons for not getting vaccinated. The purpose of this research was to observe the attitude of patients visiting Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center towards Hepatitis B vaccination as well as the reasons put forward by those who choose not to get vaccinated. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and awareness regarding HBV vaccination in patients visiting Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center. Methodology: This is a cross sectional study that was conducted among patients who visited Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center. 300 participants were included. The data collection method was a face-to-face interview. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to recruit patients. We used a self-structured, close-ended questionnaire based on the Urdu language consisting of a total of 40 questions. Prior written consent was taken. Data entry and data analysis were done by using SPSS Version 20. Results: Out of 300 participants, 63.67% of respondents had acquired matriculation or higher education while the rest were either just primary pass or illiterate. 216(72%) of the participants were aware that HBV is highly prevalent in Pakistan. 135(45%) considered alcohol and smoking as a cause of HBV. Only 43(14.3%) participants had knowledge regarding the standard dosing regimen of the vaccine. Participants had awareness about prevention. 250 (83.3%) agreed that Hepatitis B vaccination is an effective method of prevention of Hepatitis B, while 59(19.6%) thought that the vaccine itself can cause Hepatitis infection. 190(63.3%) identified cost as a barrier for vaccination. Conclusion: People in Pakistan don’t have adequate knowledge about the mode of transmission of hepatitis, but they have good knowledge about preventive methods. The prevalent attitude is to not get vaccinated due to various reasons. Hence it is very important to spread awareness among people about HBV vaccination.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B vaccine knowledge and self-reported vaccination status among healthcare workers in a conflict region in northeastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 251513551990074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farouq Muhammad Dayyab ◽  
Garba Iliyasu ◽  
Bashir Garba Ahmad ◽  
Abdulaziz Tijjani Bako ◽  
Sepu Saraya Ngamariju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center

Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is highly endemic in Nigeria. The primary objective of this study is to describe the knowledge, self-reported vaccination status, and intention of healthcare workers to receive hepatitis B vaccine at a tertiary referral center in conflict-ravaged northeastern Nigeria. Methods This was cross-sectional analytical study among medical practitioners, nurses, laboratory workers, health attendants, pharmacists, and radiographers working at Federal Medical Center Nguru, Yobe State. Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants. Data were obtained using questionnaires and entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, cleaned and analyzed using JMP Pro software. Results Of the 182 participants, we found that 151 (82.97%), 81 (44.51%), 85 (46.70%), and 33 (18.13%) had good knowledge of HBV, good knowledge of hepatitis B vaccine, were vaccinated against HBV by the least dose, and had a complete hepatitis B vaccination status, respectively. The lack of availability of the vaccine was the main reason for not receiving the vaccine among the unvaccinated 36/91 (39.56%), followed by not knowing where to access the vaccine 19/91 (20.88%). Conclusion The study highlights the need for strategies to ensure the availability of hepatitis B vaccine in conflict settings and need for vaccinology training given the suboptimal level of awareness and uptake of the hepatitis B vaccine among the healthcare workers.

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