scholarly journals Regional differences in the number and type of myenteric neurons in the descending colon of rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 61 (2A) ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo José de Almeida Araújo ◽  
Débora de Mello Gonçales Sant'Ana ◽  
Sônia Lucy Molinari ◽  
Marcílio Hubner de Miranda Neto
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Myenteric Plexus ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Intermediate Region ◽  
Neuronal Density ◽  
Myenteric Neurons ◽  
Nadh Diaphorase ◽  
Descending Colon ◽  
Whole Mounts

The purpose of this study was to analyze the neuronal density of the myenteric plexus of the intermediate and antimesocolic regions of the descending colon of rats. Whole-mounts were stained with three different techniques of neuronal evidenciation. Through counts of the number of neurons in an area of 6.64 mm² under light microscopy, we found 1,271 ± 227.54 neurons with Giemsa in the intermediate region and 1,234 ± 225.92 neurons in the antimesocolic region; with the NADH-diaphorase technique we found 530 ± 92.97 neurons in the intermediate region and 539 ± 146.72 neurons in the antimesocolic region; and through the NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry, we found 417 ± 34.42 neurons in the intermediate region and 547 ± 84.01 neurons in the antimesocolic region. We conclude that there is a variation in the density of NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons in the intestinal circumference; that the NADH-diaphorase positive neuronal subpopulation represented 42.7% of that stained with Giemsa; and that the NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons represented 37.8% of the whole myenteric population.

scholarly journals Regional differences in the number and type of myenteric neurons of the ileum of rats: a comparison of techniques of the neuronal evidentiation

2001 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcílio Hubner Miranda-Neto ◽  
Sonia Lucy Molinari ◽  
Maria Raquel Marçal Natali ◽  
Debora de Melo Gonçalves Sant'Ana
Keyword(s):  
Myenteric Plexus ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Intermediate Region ◽  
Neuronal Density ◽  
Myenteric Neurons ◽  
Single Region ◽  
Comparison Of Techniques ◽  
Density Of Neurons ◽  
Whole Mounts

We carried out this study with the purpose of analyzing the density of neurons of the myenteric plexus in the mesenteric, intermediate and antimesenteric regions of the ileum of rats. Whole-mounts stained with four different techniques were employed. Through countings under optic microscope in an area of 8.96 mm² we found the following neuronal means with the techniques of Giemsa, NADH-diaphorase histochemistry, NADPH-diaphorase and acetylcholinesterase, respectively: mesenteric region 2144.40±161.05, 1657.80±88.23, 473.80±19.62, 905.25±22.40; intermediate region 1790.60±128.24, 1265.20±141.17, 371.30±27.84, 770.25±33.12; antimesenteric region 1647.0±76.67, 981.80±68.04, 298.50±22.75, 704.50±69.38. We conclude that there is a variation of neuronal density around the intestinal circumference and this fact independs on the technique used to stain the neurons, and that in a single region the neuronal density varies with the technique employed. We also call attention for the identification of the site were countings were carried out, so that the results of research in this area are not compromised.

scholarly journals Effect of protein and vitamin B deficiency on the morpho-quantitative aspects of the myenteric plexus of the descending colon of adult rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 61 (2A) ◽  
pp. 226-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo José de Almeida Araújo ◽  
Débora de Mello Gonçales Sant'Ana ◽  
Sônia Lucy Molinari ◽  
Marcílio Hubner de Miranda Neto
Keyword(s):  
Protein Level ◽  
Myenteric Plexus ◽  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Nadh Diaphorase ◽  
Descending Colon ◽  
Vitamin B Deficiency

We carried out this work with the purpose of studying the effects of protein and vitamin B deficiency on the morphologic and quantitative aspects of the myenteric plexus of the descending colon of adult Rattus norvegicus. Twenty-eight rats were divided in two groups, one of them receiving chow with 22% protein level (control) and the other fed with chow having 8% protein level without vitamin B supplementation, during 120 days. Whole-mounts of the descending colon were prepared and stained with Giemsa, NADH-diaphorase and NADPH-diaphorase. The undernourished rats had a body weight 11.84% less than the control group. Relative to the controls, the experimental group had a colonic area 48% smaller, 51.9% less Giemsa-stained neurons, 28.3% less NADH-diaphorase positive neurons and 24.2% less NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons.

scholarly journals The number and profile of reactive NADH-d and NADPH-d neurons of myenteric plexus of six-month-old rats are different in the cecum portions

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizangela A. Silva ◽  
Maria R.M. Natali ◽  
Isaura M.M. Prado
Keyword(s):  
Myenteric Plexus ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Nadh Diaphorase ◽  
Whole Mount ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Profile Area

Whole-mount preparations were prepared and submitted to NADH-diaphorase and NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry techniques. The myenteric plexus arrangement and the number of neurons were comparatively evaluated among the different portions of the cecum. The neurons from the apical and basal regions were distributed in classes at intervals of 100µm², the means of the corresponding intervals being compared. The ganglia, in both techniques, were often connected by fine bundles, which became thicker in the mesenteric region and in the region next to the cecal ampulla. The number of positive NADH-d neurons was higher than that of NADPH-d neurons in all portions, from both regions. The numbers of reactive NADH-d e NADPH-d neurons were significantly different among the different portions of the cecum, except for the antimesenteric basal and intermediate basal regions, considering the NADH-d neurons. The profile area for the reactive NADH-d e NADPH-d neurons was higher in the apical region than in the basal area. Differences in arrangement, distribution and size of positive NADH-d e NADPH-d neurons in the different cecum portions evidenced the importance of the subdivision of the analyzed organ.

scholarly journals Neuron number in the myenteric plexus of the ascending colon of rats: a comparative study using two staining techniques

1997 ◽  
Vol 55 (3A) ◽  
pp. 460-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora M. G. Sant'ana ◽  
Marcílio H. Miranda-Neto ◽  
Sonia L. Molinari ◽  
Marco Antônio Sant'anna
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Myenteric Plexus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Intestinal Segment ◽  
Ascending Colon ◽  
Neuron Number ◽  
Neuronal Density ◽  
Nadh Diaphorase ◽  
Staining Techniques

We carried out this study with the purpose of comparing the neuronal density in antimesocolic and intermediate regions of the colon of rats. We used the ascending colon of ten seven-months old Wistar rats. With the Giemsa method we found 29046 neurons/cm² on the antimesocolic region and 30968 neurons/cm² on the intermediate regions. With the NADH-diaphorase technique 12308 neurons/cm² on the antimesocolic regions and 8798 neurons/cm² on the intermediate regions were evidenced. The number of NADH-diaphorase positive neurons is significantly less than the number of Giemsa-stained neurons, and that this difference is enhanced on the intermediate regions of the intestinal circumference. Therefore, to compare the number of neurons of an intestinal segment of a same species at the same age, it is necessary to take into consideration the technique employed and the region of the intestinal circumference from where the sample was obtained.

scholarly journals Morphoquantitative effects of acute diabetes on the myenteric neurons of the proximal colon of adult rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 60 (3A) ◽  
pp. 576-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Montserrat D.P. Furlan ◽  
Sônia L. Molinari ◽  
Marcílio H. de Miranda Neto
Keyword(s):  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Experimental Protocol ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Neuronal Density ◽  
Myenteric Neurons ◽  
Acute Diabetes ◽  
Food And Water Intake ◽  
Whole Mounts ◽  
Cell Body Size

The effects of acute diabetes on the density and size of the myenteric neurons of the proximal colon of adult rats were investigated. The injection of streptozotocin was followed by a period of observation of seven days, during which the diabetic animals showed weight loss, excessive food and water intake, large urinary debt and hyperglicemia. The whole-mounts from the proximal colon were stained with the techniques of Giemsa and of the NADH-diaphorase, and the employment of these techniques made it possible to verify a decrease on the neuronal density and on the cell body size of the myenteric neurons in the colon of the diabetic rats. These observations were discussed in terms of the pathophysiology of the diabetes and the experimental protocol.

scholarly journals Quantification of the neurons of myenteric plexus of the bat molossus rufus

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 493-500
Author(s):  
Grazielli F. Serenini ◽  
José Matheus Beltrami ◽  
Edson Gerônimo ◽  
Paula M. Favetta ◽  
Nathalia G.E. Legnani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Myenteric Plexus ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Neuronal Population ◽  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Smooth Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Digestive Tube ◽  
Myenteric Neurons ◽  
Oxide Synthase

ABSTRACT: There are no studies that characterize the enteric nervous system (ENS) bats. The organization and density of myenteric neurons may vary according to the animal species, as well as the segment of the digestive tube considered. The nitric oxide is one of the key neurotransmitters present in the myenteric neurons, acting as a mediator in the smooth muscle relaxation. These neurons are evidenced by immunohistochemistry of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) or by NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry. In this sense, this study aimed to characterize the total neuronal population and subpopulation NADPH-d+ of the myenteric plexus present in the jejunum of the insectivore species Molossus rufus quantitatively. Five specimens were collected of M. rufus in a buffer area of the “Reserva Biológica das Perobas” in the microregion of Cianorte/PR. After the euthanasia, in a chamber saturated with isoflurane, segments were collected from the small intestine corresponding to the jejunum intended for two techniques for neuronal marking, Giemsa and NADPH-diaphorase, and a fragment to the histological technique of hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s trichrome. All the procedures were approved by the “Comitê de Ética no Uso de Animais Unipar” (CEUA - protocol No. 34347/2017) and the “Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade” (ICMBio - protocol No. 60061-1) The histological sections allowed to highlight the location of the myenteric plexus between the longitudinal and circular layers of the muscular tunic. The myenteric plexus had an average of total neuronal population (neurons Giemsa+) of 279.23 neurons/mm2, being the nitrergic neurons (neurons NADPH-d+) represented 20.4% of this total population, with an average of 58.14 neuron/mm2. Therefore, the collected data are consistent with previous studies in other mammalian species concerning the location of the myenteric plexus, as well as the neural myenteric proportion NADPH-d+ compared with the population of neurons Giemsa+. The gaps in the knowledge of ENS of bats limits comparative intraspecific and interspecific studies.

scholarly journals Neuronal changes caused by Trypanosoma cruzi: an experimental model

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neide M Moreira ◽  
Débora M. G Sant'ana ◽  
Eduardo J. A Araújo ◽  
Max J. O Toledo ◽  
Mônica L Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Neuronal Density ◽  
Myenteric Neurons ◽  
Time Of Infection ◽  
Neuronal Hypertrophy

Define an experimental model by evaluating quantitative and morphometric changes in myenteric neurons of the colon of mice infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. Twenty-eight Swiss male mice were distributed into groups: control (CG, n=9) and inoculated with 100 (IG100, n=9) and 1000 (IG1000, n=10) blood trypomastigotes, Y strain-T. cruzi II. Parasitemia was evaluated from 3-25 days post inoculation (dpi) with parasites peak of 7.7 × 10(6) and 8.4 × 10(6) trypomastigotes/mL at 8th dpi (p>0.05) in IG100 and IG1000, respectively. Chronic phase of the infection was obtained with two doses of 100mg/Kg/weight and one dose of 250mg/Kg/weight of Benznidazole on 11, 16 and 18 dpi. Three animals from each group were euthanized at 18, 30 and 75 dpi. The colon was stained with Giemsa. The quantitative and morphometric analysis of neurons revealed that the infection caused a decrease of neuronal density on 30th dpi (p<0.05) and 75 dpi (p<0.05) in IG100 and IG1000. Infection caused death and neuronal hypertrophy in the 75th dpi in IG100 and IG1000 (p<0.05, p<0.01). The changes observed in myenteric neurons were directly related to the inoculate and the time of infection

5-Hydroxytryptophan activates colonic myenteric neurons and propulsive motor function through 5-HT4 receptors in conscious mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. G419-G428 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wang ◽  
V. Martínez ◽  
H. Kimura ◽  
Y. Taché
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Colonic Motility ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Maximal Response ◽  
Myenteric Neurons ◽  
Diaphorase Activity ◽  
Colonic Motor ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Fos Expression

Serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] acts as a modulator of colonic motility and secretion. We characterized the action of the 5-HT precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) on colonic myenteric neurons and propulsive motor activity in conscious mice. Fos immunoreactivity (IR), used as a marker of neuronal activation, was monitored in longitudinal muscle/myenteric plexus whole mount preparations of the distal colon 90 min after an intraperitoneal injection of 5-HTP. Double staining of Fos IR with peripheral choline acetyltransferase (pChAT) IR or NADPH-diaphorase activity was performed. The injection of 5-HTP (0.5, 1, 5, or 10 mg/kg ip) increased fecal pellet output and fluid content in a dose-related manner, with a peak response observed within the first 15 min postinjection. 5-HTP (0.5–10 mg/kg) dose dependently increased Fos expression in myenteric neurons, with a maximal response of 9.9 ± 1.0 cells/ganglion [ P < 0.05 vs. vehicle-treated mice (2.3 ± 0.6 cells/ganglion)]. There was a positive correlation between Fos expression and fecal output. Of Fos-positive ganglionic cells, 40 ± 4% were also pChAT positive and 21 ± 5% were NADPH-diaphorase positive in response to 5-HTP, respectively. 5-HTP-induced defecation and Fos expression were completely prevented by pretreatment with the selective 5-HT4 antagonist RS-39604. These results show that 5-HTP injected peripherally increases Fos expression in different populations of cholinergic and nitrergic myenteric neurons in the distal colon and stimulates propulsive colonic motor function through 5-HT4 receptors in conscious mice. These findings suggest an important role of activation of colonic myenteric neurons in the 5-HT4 receptor-mediated colonic propulsive motor response.

scholarly journals Effect of the ascorbic acid treatment on the NADHd-positive myenteric neurons of diabetic rats proximal colon

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Nelisis Zanoni ◽  
Renata Virginia Fernandes Pereira ◽  
Priscila de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Daily Treatment ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Neuronal Density ◽  
Myenteric Neurons ◽  
Intestinal Segments

The aim of this work was to study the effect of the ascorbic acid on the myenteric neurons of diabetic rats proximal colon. Fifteen rats (90 days old) were divided into three groups: control, untreated diabetic and treated diabetic with ascorbic acid (DA). After 120 days of daily treatment with ascorbic acid, the intestinal segments were submitted to the NADH-diaphorase (NADHd) histochemistry technique to expose the myenteric neurons. The group DA showed a higher neuronal density (33.4 %) when compared to the untreated diabetic animals (p < 0.05). Cellular body area of neurons was significantly larger in group DA (17.3 %) when compared to the untreated diabetics (p < 0.05). It could be concluded that the ascorbic acid promoted a neuroprotective effect on the NADHd myenteric neurons of the proximal colon of diabetic rats.

Properties of synaptic inputs from myenteric neurons innervating submucosal S neurons in guinea pig ileum

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (2) ◽  
pp. G273-G280 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Moore ◽  
S. Vanner
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Myenteric Plexus ◽  
Intracellular Recordings ◽  
Guinea Pig Ileum ◽  
Myenteric Neurons ◽  
Synaptic Inputs ◽  
Stimulus Train ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Double Chamber

This study examined synaptic inputs from myenteric neurons innervating submucosal neurons. Intracellular recordings were obtained from submucosal S neurons in guinea pig ileal preparations in vitro, and synaptic inputs were recorded in response to electrical stimulation of exposed myenteric plexus. Most S neurons received synaptic inputs [>80% fast (f) excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP), >30% slow (s) EPSPs] from the myenteric plexus. Synaptic potentials were recorded significant distances aboral (fEPSPs, 25 mm; sEPSPs, 10 mm) but not oral to the stimulating site. When preparations were studied in a double-chamber bath that chemically isolated the stimulating “myenteric chamber” from the recording side “submucosal chamber,” all fEPSPs were blocked by hexamethonium in the submucosal chamber, but not by a combination of nicotinic, purinergic, and 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonists in the myenteric chamber. In 15% of cells, a stimulus train elicited prolonged bursts of fEPSPs (>30 s duration) that were blocked by hexamethonium. These findings suggest that most submucosal S neurons receive synaptic inputs from predominantly anally projecting myenteric neurons. These inputs are poised to coordinate intestinal motility and secretion.

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