scholarly journals Intraocular pressure measurement in sheep using an applanation tonometer

Revista CERES ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Antonio Tadeu Pigatto ◽  
Fabiana Quartiero Pereira ◽  
Luciane Albuquerque ◽  
Luis Felipe Dutra Corrêa ◽  
Bernardo Stefano Bercht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Schirmer Tear Test ◽  
Healthy Sheep ◽  
Applanation Tonometer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ophthalmic Disease

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and establish the mean values of IOP in healthy adult sheep using an applanation tonometer. Information on age, sex, and breed was obtained for all animals included in this study. Twenty five healthy sheep (Ovis aries), of the same breed (Texel), male or female, with three years of age, received an ophthalmic examination in both eyes, including pupillary reflexes, Schirmer tear test, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and fluorescein staining. For all ophthalmic testing, animals were gently physically restrained, with no pressure in the jugular area and the eyelids were carefully open. IOP was measured by applanation tonometry (Tonopen XL). The same examiner performed the tonometry; measurements were taken three times for each eye, and their average was recorded as the IOP of the animal. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test and values of P < 0.05 were considered significant. The mean intraocular pressure in the whole group of 50 eyes was of 16.36 +/- 2.19 mm Hg. The mean (SD) IOP in the right eye was of 15.96 +/- 2.02 mm Hg, while the mean (SD) IOP in the left eye was of 16.76 +/- 2.32 mm Hg. Significant differences in IOP were not found between right and left eyes. The applanation tonometer was adequate for measuring the intraocular pressure in sheep. Reference data will assist in diagnosing testing for ophthalmic disease in sheep, as¹ well as promote further studies in this area.

Comparison of Intraocular Pressure Measurement between Non-Contact and Goldmann Applanation Tonometry among Glaucoma Patients in Ratchaburi Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 819-823
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Goldmann Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Goldmann Applanation Tonometer ◽  
Applanation Tonometer ◽  
Iop Measurement ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) values acquired from the non-contact tonometers and a Goldmann applanation tonometer in glaucoma patients. Materials and Methods: The present study included 300 eyes from 150 participants that attended the glaucoma outpatient clinic. The IOP was measured using both non-contact tonometry (NCT) and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT). The differences in IOP readings between the two techniques were evaluated. Results: The mean IOP as measured by NCT was 16.26±6.95 mmHg, when that of measured by GAT was 16.11±8.43 mmHg. The mean difference between the two techniques of measurement was 0.147±3.01 mmHg. The values acquired from NCT were slightly higher than those acquired by GAT in 49% of patients, and this difference was more distinct when the IOP as measured by GAT more than 21 mmHg. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant correlation in the measurement of IOP between non-contact and GAT tonometers. NCT is a proper method for mass screenings of IOP even if the IOP measurement by NCT is slightly higher than by GAT. Keywords: Tonometry, Comparison, Glaucoma, Non-contact tonometry, Goldmann applanation tonometerv

Comparison of central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure measured with two different tono/pachymeter devices in non-glaucomatouse children

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212199149
Author(s):  
Kuddusi Teberik ◽  
Mehmet Tahir Eski ◽  
Handan Ankarali
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Purpose: The goal of this research is to compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) and the mean central corneal thickness (CCT) values obtained from the measurements with Nidek NT-530P and Canon TX-20P devices with the values obtained by ultrasound pachymetry (UP) and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) in children. Methods: This prospective study was conducted with 119 healthy children. The measurements were repeated three times for each eye. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the correlation between the measurements obtained from different devices. The Bland–Altman plot was used to analyze the agreement between two different devices graphically. The measurements were taken in the same order in all subjects: TX-20P, NT-530P, UP, and GAT. Results: The mean age of the children was 10.1 ± 3.2 (6–17) years. The mean CCT values for the eyes were 568.90 and 569.68 (TX-20P), 571.44 and 566.37 (NT-530P), 564.77 and 564.67 μm UP, (right and left, respectively). The highest correspondence observed for CCT was between UP and NT-530P devices (ICC, 0.982, the left eye). The mean IOP measurements for Canon TX-20P, NT-530P, and GAT were 16.5 ± 3.2, 16.3 ± 3.2, and 16.8 ± 3.6 mmHg for the right eyes, respectively, while those for the left eyes were 16.6 ± 3.1, 16.2 ± 3.3, and 16.8 ± 3.7 mmHg. The highest correspondence was noted between measurements obtained using GAT and Nidek NT-530P devices (ICC, 0.945, in the left eye). Conclusion: Tono/pachymetry devices in the healthy children are provides significant agreements with the gold standard methods for IOP and CCT measurements. Clinical Trial Registration number: 2016-94

scholarly journals The Association of Central Corneal Thickness and Intraocular Pressure Measures by Non-Contact Tonometry and Goldmann Applanation Tonometry among Glaucoma Patients.

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Kyei ◽  
Frank Assiamah ◽  
Michael Agyemang Kwarteng ◽  
Cynthia Pakyennu Gboglu
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Goldmann Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Goldmann Applanation Tonometer ◽  
Applanation Tonometer ◽  
The Right

BACKGROUND፡ The aim of this study was to determine whether Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) is associated with intraocular pressure measurement (IOP) with a Non-contact tonometer and the Goldmann applanation tonometer in glaucoma patients.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved two hundred and thirty-two eyes of clinically diagnosed glaucoma patients receiving care at a referral facility. IOP measurements were obtained using both the Non-Contact Tonometer (NCT) and Goldmann Applanation Tonometer (GAT). The association between age, ethnicity, and CCT, as well as CCT on the measures of NCT and GAT, were analyzed.RESULTS: There were 64(55.2%) males and 52 (44.8%) females and their ages ranged from 18 to 85 years (mean age = 47.72; SD ±15.75 years). There was a weak positive correlation between the CCT and NCT findings in the right eye (r = 0.19, n = 116, p < 0.05) and in the left eye (r = 0.25, n = 116, p < 0.05). However, there was no correlation between CCT and GAT measurements. Age had a significant correlation with CCT while gender and ethnicity had no significant correlation.CONCLUSION: The study found a significant association between CCT and NCT. However, there was no significant association between CCT and GAT. CCT had an association with age but independent of gender and ethnicity since there was no significant relationship between these variables.

scholarly journals Measurement of intraocular pressure in clinically normal Turkish Shepherd Dogs with the rebound tonometer (TonoVet®) and the applanation tonometer (Tono-Pen Vet®)

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 6024-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
KADRI KULUALP ◽  
İBRAHIM YURDAKUL ◽  
HANIFI EROL ◽  
GÜLTEKIN ATALAN ◽  
SERVET KILIC
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Rebound Tonometer ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Schirmer Tear Test ◽  
Applanation Tonometer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ophthalmic Diseases

The current study was undertaken to establish reference values of intraocular pressure in clinically normal Turkish Shepherd Dogs with the rebound tonometer (TonoVet®) and the applanation tonometer (Tono-Pen Vet®). Twenty-eight dogs (14 male and 14 female, aged 9 months-9 years, 56 eyes) were used in this study. All animals were healthy and showed no abnormalities in ophthalmic examinations, which consisted of the Schirmer tear test, slit lamp bio-microscopy, and fluorescein staining. The animals were restrained manually without using systemic anesthetics or tranquilizers. IOP was measured in both eyes with a TonoVet® and a Tono-Pen Vet®. In normal dogs, the mean IOP values for all eyes were 17.63±3.34 mmHg according to the TonoVet® and 14.95±2.92 mmHg according to the Tono-Pen Vet®. There was no effect of sex, age, or eye side (right vs. left) on the results obtained with either the TonoVet® or the Tono-Pen Vet®. The mean IOP obtained with the rebound tonometer was 2-3 mmHg higher than that measured with the applanation tonometer. The reference data obtained in the present study may assist in diagnostic testing for ophthalmic diseases in Turkish Shepherd Dogs and may promote further studies in this area..

scholarly journals A comparison of intraocular pressure values obtained with the Tono-Pachymeter NT530P, iCare® rebound tonometer and Goldmann applanation tonometer

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rampersad ◽  
K. P. Mashige ◽  
S. Jhetam
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Rebound Tonometer ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Goldmann Applanation Tonometer ◽  
Bland Altman Method ◽  
Applanation Tonometer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

The purpose of this study was to compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) values measured with the Tono-Pachymeter NT530P (Tonopachy™) and the iCare® rebound tonometer (iCare®) with those obtained by the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT). The right eyes of 105 subjects aged 18 to 82 years (mean age = 29.27 ± 14.67 years) were assessed with the three tonometers. Central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured first using the Tonopachy™ and then IOP was measured by Tonopachy™, iCare® and GAT. The data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, paired  t-test, correlation and regression analysis. The Bland-Altman method of analysis was used to evaluate agreements between the sets of data from the three devices. The CCT values ranged from 440 µm to 606 µm (mean= 518.49 ± 33.01 µm). There was little or no correlation between CCT and IOP for any of the instruments used in this study (r = 0.29 for Tonopachy™, r = 0.22 for iCare®, r = 0.17 for GAT). The mean IOP measured with the Tonopachy™ was 14.31 ± 3.57 mmHg (range 8.7 mmHg to 31 mmHg) and 16.64 ± 4.38 mmHg (range 8 mmHg to 32 mmHg) using the iCare®. The mean IOP measured with the GAT was 14.79 ± 3.09 mmHg (range 8.7 mmHg to 29.7 mmHg). Using the Bland-Altman method, the upper and lower limits of agreement between the Tonopachy™ and GAT, iCare® and GAT, iCare® and Tonopachy™ were 5.1 mmHg and –4.2 mmHg, 8.6 mmHg and –4.9 mmHg, 7.5 mmHg and –2.8 mmHg respectively. In 79.1% of the eyes studied, the mean IOP difference between Tonopachy™ and GAT was less than 3 mmHg and in 20.9% of the eyes, the difference was greater than 3 mmHg. However, mean IOP differences of greater than 3 mmHg were obtained by iCare® in comparison with GAT (40%) and Tonopachy™ (34.3%) respectively. Findings of this study suggest that the Tonopachy™ yielded IOP readings that were consistent with those of GAT values while iCare® yielded higher IOP values compared to both GAT and Tonopachy™. (S Afr Optom 2011 70(3) 109-116)

scholarly journals The Basic Values of Intraocular Pressure Measured by Rebound Tonometry in Guinea Pig

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Diana Larisa ANCUȚA ◽  
Diana Mihaela ALEXANDRU ◽  
Maria CRIVINEANU ◽  
Răzvan BOTEZATU ◽  
Cristin COMAN
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Human Patient ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Rebound Tonometry ◽  
Elevated Intraocular Pressure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the most important risk factor associated with the progression of glaucoma and the research on animal models is constantly evolving. Rebound tonometry has been shown to be useful for the evaluation of IOP, not only for the human patient but also for the animal patient. The aim of the paper is to assess intraocular pressure in guinea pigs in order to establish reference values. IOP was measured for three days, at different time intervals, in 40 guinea pigs, using the iCare Tonovet TV01 tonometer. The mean values obtained in coloured guinea pigs were 13.82 mmHg ± 1.64 mmHg in the right eye, 14.11 mmHg ± 1.68 mmHg in the left eye, and in white guinea pigs 12.56 mmHg ± 0.95 mmHg in the right eye, 13.02 mmHg ± 1.29 mmHg for the left eye. The values obtained from this study it can be concluded that the strain of coloured, records the highest values in the morning, which remain linear during the day, and decrease in the evening compared to the white strain which has a constant evolution during the day, and in the evening increases.

scholarly journals Twenty-four hours intraocular pressure in keratoconic eyes assessed by applanation tonometry and Tono-Pen AVIA

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Rafael Vidal Merola ◽  
◽  
Artur William Veloso ◽  
Alberto Diniz-Filho ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Altman Analysis ◽  
Astigmatism Correction ◽  
Applanation Tonometer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Astig Matism

AIM: To assess intraocular pressure (IOP) during the daily curve of intraocular pressure (DCPo) in keratoconic eyes and compare Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT), without and with astigmatism correction (nGAT and cGAT) and Tono-Pen AVIA (TPA) assessment methods. METHODS: Thirty-nine keratoconic eyes of 24 patients were assessed. DCPo was evaluated with five IOP measurements; four were performed with a GAT (nGAT and cGAT), and a Tono-Pen AVIA (TPA) at various times throughout the day. RESULTS: Mean IOP DCPo values (mm Hg) were: nGAT, 9.9±2.6; cGAT, 11.3±2.6; TPA 12.3±3.1. Mean IOP DCPo differences (mm Hg) and Spearman's correlation coefficients were as follows: cGATc-nGAT, 1.32±1.31, rs=0.879 (P&#x003C;0.01); cGAT-TPA, -1.02±2.08, rs=0.723 (P&#x003C;0.01); and nGAT-TPA, -2.35±2.23, rs=0.730 (P&#x003C;0.01). Bland-Altman analysis for agreement between cGAT-TPA and nGAT-TPA mean IOP DCPo measurements revealed a mean difference of 1.02 (95%CI, 0.35-1.70) and 2.35 (95%CI, 1.62-3.07) mm Hg, respectively. Regression analysis yielded the following equation: TPA IOP=5.49+0.775×cGAT-0.015×ACD-0.299×corneal astig matism, which allowed us to infer TPA IOP values from other parameters. CONCLUSION: In keratoconic eyes, IOP peaks of DCPo measurements are identified at 6 a.m., independent of the tonometer. The mean DCPo values are: TPA&#x003E;cGAT&#x003E;nGAT. IOP TPA measures are predictive of cGAT values, adjusted according to anterior chamber depth and corneal astigmatism.

scholarly journals Ophthalmology of clinically normal alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in the United Kingdom: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 186 (16) ◽  
pp. e7-e7
Author(s):  
Josephine Faulkner ◽  
David Leonard Williams ◽  
Karin Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Vicugna Pacos ◽  
Schirmer Tear Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundAlpacas are being more frequently presented to veterinarians in the UK. It is important to validate whether published normal ocular parameters are consistent with the alpaca population in the UK.MethodsOphthalmic examinations were performed on healthy alpacas (Vicugna pacos) from three farms in East Anglia, UK.ResultsOn direct ophthalmoscopy of 35 alpacas, there was a 50 per cent prevalence of opacities within the lens in alpacas older than two years old (n=8/16). There was a 36.8 per cent prevalence of persistent hyaloid arteries in alpacas under two years old (n=7/19). The mean Schirmer tear test-1 value was 20.0 ±6 mm/minute (n=40). The mean intraocular pressure measured by rebound tonometry was 17.2 ±5.5 mmHg (n=46), and applanation tonometry resulted in statistically similar values (P=0.30; n=25). There was a significant variation in intraocular pressure throughout a 24-hour period (n=8). Fluorescein dye was not detected at the nostrils of any of the alpacas which underwent a Jones test to assess nasolacrimal duct patency (n=8).ConclusionThe ophthalmic findings appear largely consistent with previously published values from North America and continental Europe. Variations include the large range of measurements obtained and evidence of diurnal variation in intraocular pressure.

scholarly journals Superficial keratectomy and 360º conjunctival flap for bullous keratopathy in a dog: a case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 773-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P.D. Ortiz ◽  
C.B.S. Lisbão ◽  
F.L.C. Brito ◽  
B. Martins ◽  
J.L. Laus
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Corneal Edema ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Bullous Keratopathy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Conjunctival Flap ◽  
Schirmer Tear Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

A case of a two-year-old male Pinscher with a history of discomfort in the right eye was reported. The left eye had been enucleated by the referring veterinarian due to the same symptom with unsuccessful clinical treatment. The Schirmer tear test value was elevated and a decreased intraocular pressure was observed by applanation tonometry. Biomicroscopy revealed profuse corneal edema and keratoconus and fluorescein staining was negative. Gonioscopy and ophthalmoscopy did not provide any relevant data due to the corneal alterations. Bullous keratopathy was diagnosed. Surgery was performed in two steps: 1) superficial keratectomy and 360º conjunctival flap, and 2) superficial keratectomy to restore corneal transparency. Thirty days after the second superficial keratectomy, the third eyelid flap was removed. Conjunctivalization of the upper nasal quadrant of the cornea was observed. The axial portion of the cornea was transparent and vision was restored.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Regarding Circadian Rhythm, Age, Sex and Eye Side in Awassi Sheep

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 959 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. KULUALP ◽  
S. KILIҪ ◽  
S. ÇAKIR ◽  
C. ORHAN
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Nerve Degeneration ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Healthy Sheep ◽  
Applanation Tonometer ◽  
Iop Measurement ◽  
Eye Examination

Measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) in domestic animals has become a part of routine eye examination with advent of applanation tonometer. Delayed control of high IOP may lead to permanent blindness due to retinal ganglion cells dysfunction and optic nerve degeneration. This study aimed at evaluating IOP of Awassi sheep with respect to circadian rhythm, age, sex and eye sides and finally to establish a reference (baseline, normal) IOP value for this particular species. A total of 24 healthy sheep with different ages and sexes were used. The animals were divided into 2 equal groups, <1 (6 male, 6 female, n = 12) and ≥1 (6 male, 6 female, n = 12) years old. IOP measurements were performed twice, in the morning (6:00 a.m.) and in the evening (8:00 p.m.) with Tono-pen Vet® applanation tonometer. Mean IOP in the animals decreased from 16.21 mmHg in the morning to 12.65 mmHg in the evening with an approximately rate of 22% (P <0.0001). Comparison of mean IOP values of right eyes (n=12) to the left (n=12), male (n=48) to female (n=48), and ages < 1 (n=48) to ≥ 1 (n=48) showed no difference (P >0.05). The reference IOP for this animal was calculated as 14.43±2.72 mmHg notwithstanding any variable. It was concluded that in this breed IOP values can vary significantly as far as circadian rhythm is concerned and Tono-pen Vet® can be used for sheep IOP measurement as an alternative to other applanation tonometry.

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