scholarly journals Schistosoma mansoni: inflammatory foci around larvae in the peritoneal cavity of naive mice is radiosensitive

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Lane de MELO ◽  
Munir CHAMONE
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Innate Defence ◽  
Lethal Doses

Innate attack to Schistosoma mansoni cercariae was evaluated in irradiated mice. It was observed that 70% of the larvae from mice sacrificed one day after whole body irradiation with 400 or 800 rads were surrounded by cluster reactivities, without difference from controls. Differences were apparent on day 5 after irradiation with sub lethal (400 rads) or lethal doses (800 rads) suggesting that innate defence to infection take at least 5 days to be affected by low dose whole-body radiation.

scholarly journals Whole Body Low Dose Computed Tomography Using Third-Generation Dual-Source Multidetector With Spectral Shaping: Protocol Optimization and Literature Review

Dose-Response ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932582097313
Author(s):  
Dario Baldi ◽  
Liberatore Tramontano ◽  
Vincenzo Alfano ◽  
Bruna Punzo ◽  
Carlo Cavaliere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Osteolytic Lesions ◽  
Subjective Image Quality ◽  
Ct Dose ◽  
Dual Source ◽  
Ct Dose Index ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography

For decades, the main imaging tool for multiple myeloma (MM) patient’s management has been the conventional skeleton survey. In 2014 international myeloma working group defined the advantages of the whole-body low dose computed tomography (WBLDCT) as a gold standard, among imaging modalities, for bone disease assessment and subsequently implemented this technique in the MM diagnostic workflow. The aim of this study is to investigate, in a group of 30 patients with a new diagnosis of MM, the radiation dose (CT dose index, dose-length product, effective dose), the subjective image quality score and osseous/extra-osseous findings rate with a modified WBLDCT protocol. Spectral shaping and third-generation dual-source multidetector CT scanner was used for the assessment of osteolytic lesions due to MM, and the dose exposure was compared with the literature findings reported until 2020. Mean radiation dose parameters were reported as follows: CT dose index 0.3 ± 0.1 mGy, Dose-Length Product 52.0 ± 22.5 mGy*cm, effective dose 0.44 ± 0.19 mSv. Subjective image quality was good/excellent in all subjects. 11/30 patients showed osteolytic lesions, with a percentage of extra-osseous findings detected in 9/30 patients. Our data confirmed the advantages of WBLDCT in the diagnosis of patients with MM, reporting an effective dose for our protocol as the lowest among previous literature findings.

Whole-body low-dose multidetector row-CT in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma: an alternative to conventional radiography

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Horger ◽  
Claus D. Claussen ◽  
Ulrike Bross-Bach ◽  
Reinhard Vonthein ◽  
Tobias Trabold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Conventional Radiography ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Multidetector Row Ct ◽  
Multidetector Row

scholarly journals Allogeneic chimerism with low-dose irradiation, antigen presensitization, and costimulator blockade in H-2 mismatched mice

Blood ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Quesenberry ◽  
Suju Zhong ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Marc Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Dose Irradiation ◽  
Unique Model ◽  
High Level

Abstract We have previously shown that the keys to high-level nontoxic chimerism in syngeneic models are stem cell toxic, nonmyelotoxic host treatment as provided by 100-cGy whole-body irradiation and relatively high levels of marrow stem cells. This approach was unsuccessful in H-2 mismatched B6.SJL to BALB/c marrow transplants, but with tolerization, stable multilineage chimerism was obtained. Ten million B6.SJL spleen cells were infused intravenously into BALB/c hosts on day −10 and (MR-1) anti-CD40 ligand monoclonal antibody (mAb) injected intraperitoneally at varying levels on days −10, −7, −3, 0, and +3 and the BALB/c mice irradiated (100 cGy) and infused with 40 million B6.SJL/H-2 mismatched marrow cells on day 0. Stable multilineage chimerism at levels between 30% to 40% was achieved in the great majority of mice at 1.6 mg anti-CD40 ligand mAb per injection out to 64 weeks after transplantation, without graft-versus-host disease. The transplanted mice were also tolerant of donor B6.SJL, but not third-party CBA/J skin grafts at 8 to 9 and 39 to 43 weeks after marrow transplantation. These data provide a unique model for obtaining stable partial chimerism in H-2 mismatched mice, which can be applied to various clinical diseases of man such as sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, and autoimmune disorders.

scholarly journals Exacerbation of autoimmune thyroiditis by a single low dose of whole-body irradiation in non-obese diabetic-H2h4mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 761-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Nagayama ◽  
Kazuhisa Kaminoda ◽  
Yumiko Mizutori ◽  
Ohki Saitoh ◽  
Norio Abiru
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Whole Body

scholarly journals Combined immune checkpoint protein blockade and low dose whole body irradiation as immunotherapy for myeloma

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqing Jing ◽  
Jill A Gershan ◽  
James Weber ◽  
Dominique Tlomak ◽  
Laura McOlash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Checkpoint Protein

scholarly journals Optimal LDR to Protect the Kidney From Diabetes: Whole-Body Exposure to 25 mGy X-rays Weekly for 8 Weeks Efficiently Attenuates Renal Damage in Diabetic Mice

Dose-Response ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 155932581878984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Cheng ◽  
Fengsheng Li ◽  
Guanjun Wang ◽  
Weiying Guo ◽  
Shan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Collagen Iv ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Renal Expression

To explore an optimal frequency of whole-body low-dose radiation (LDR) to protect the kidney from diabetes, type 1 diabetic mice were induced with multiple injections of low-dose streptozotocin in male C57BL/6J mice. Diabetic or age-matched normal mice received whole-body exposure to 12.5 or 25 mGy either every other day or weekly for 4 or 8 weeks. Diabetes decreased the urinary creatinine and increased the microalbumin in urine, renal accumulation of 3-nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxynonenal, and renal expression of collagen IV and fibronectin. All these renal pathological and functional changes in diabetic mice were significantly attenuated by exposure to LDR at all regimens. However, whole-body exposure of diabetic mice to 25 mGy weekly and to 12.5 mGy every other day for 8 weeks provided a better prevention of diabetic nephropathy than other LDR regimens. Furthermore, whole-body exposure to 25 mGy weekly for 8 weeks showed no detectable effect on the kidney of normal mice, but whole-body exposure to normal mice at 12.5 mGy every other day for 8 weeks increased urinary microalbumin and renal expression of collagen IV and fibronectin. These results suggest that whole-body exposure to LDR at 25 mGy weekly is the optimal condition of LDR to protect the kidney from diabetes.

scholarly journals Bone segmentation in contrast enhanced whole-body computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Leydon ◽  
Martin O'Connell ◽  
Derek Greene ◽  
Kathleen M. Curran
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Test Dataset ◽  
Whole Body Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Reduce Image Quality ◽  
External Test

Abstract Segmentation of bone regions allows for enhanced diagnostics, disease characterisation and treatment monitoring in CT imaging. In contrast enhanced whole-body scans accurate automatic segmentation is particularly difficult as low dose whole body protocols reduce image quality and make contrast enhanced regions more difficult to separate when relying on differences in pixel intensities. This paper outlines a U-net architecture with novel preprocessing techniques, based on the windowing of training data and the modification of sigmoid activation threshold selection to successfully segment bone-bone marrow regions from low dose contrast enhanced whole-body CT scans. The proposed method achieved mean Dice coefficients of 0.979 ±0.02, 0.965 ±0.03, and 0.934 ±0.06 on two internal datasets and one external test dataset respectively. We have demonstrated that appropriate preprocessing is important for differentiating between bone and contrast dye, and that excellent results can be achieved with limited data.

scholarly journals Whole-Body Low-Dose Multidetector-Row CT in Multiple Myeloma: Guidance in Performing, Observing, and Interpreting the Imaging Findings

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1320
Author(s):  
Antonio Pierro ◽  
Alessandro Posa ◽  
Costanzo Astore ◽  
Mariacarmela Sciandra ◽  
Alessandro Tanzilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Low Dose Ct ◽  
Lytic Lesions ◽  
Total Body

Multiple myeloma is a hematological malignancy of plasma cells usually detected due to various bone abnormalities on imaging and rare extraosseous abnormalities. The traditional approach for disease detection was based on plain radiographs, showing typical lytic lesions. Still, this technique has many limitations in terms of diagnosis and assessment of response to treatment. The new approach to assess osteolytic lesions in patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma is based on total-body low-dose CT. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a guide for radiologists in performing and evaluating a total-body low-dose CT in patients with multiple myeloma, both newly-diagnosed and in follow-up (pre and post treatment).

Whole-Body Low-Dose CT in Multiple Myeloma: Diagnostic Value of Appendicular Medullary Patterns of Attenuation

2021 ◽  
Vol 216 (3) ◽  
pp. 742-751
Author(s):  
Vassilis Koutoulidis ◽  
Evangelos Terpos ◽  
Ioanna Klapa ◽  
George Cheliotis ◽  
Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Low Dose Ct
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