scholarly journals Molecular detection of "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum" in a lion (Panthera leo) from a brazilian zoological garden

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. S. Guimaraes ◽  
Manoel L. Javorouski ◽  
Marcelo Bonat ◽  
Oneida Lacerda ◽  
Bruna Balbinotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Zoological Garden ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Weak Band ◽  
Wild Cats

Although Mycoplasma haemofelis and "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum" infections have been reported in wild cats from United States, their presence among native and captive wild cats in Brazil is still unknown. A 12 year old healthy male lion (Panthera leo) from the Zoological Garden of Curitiba, Brazil was anesthetized for transportation and dental evaluation. A blood sample was obtained for a complete blood cell count (CBC) and PCR analysis. DNA was extracted and fragments of Mycoplasma haemofelis and "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum" 16S ribosomal RNA gene were amplified in PCR assays. CBC results were within reference intervals. A weak band of 192 pb for "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum" was observed, and no band was amplified from Mycoplasma haemofelis reaction. A weak PCR band associated with normal CBC results and without visible parasitemia or clinical signs may suggest a chronic subclinical infection with "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum". The lack of clinical signs may also represent the low pathogenicity of this organism; however, it is noteworthy that immune suppression caused by management and/or corticoids treatment may induce parasitemia and anemia in this animal. This detection suggests further studies in captive wild cats in Brazilian Zoological Gardens.

scholarly journals Short communication: Molecular detection of honeybee viruses in Ecuador

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. e05SC02
Author(s):  
María E. Bravi ◽  
Jorge Avalos ◽  
Hugo Rosero ◽  
Gerald Maldonado ◽  
Francisco J. Reynaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
Honeybee Population

Aim of study: The honeybee, Apis mellifera, is one of the most important pollinators in the world. Apicultural activity and pollination services have been affected by the decline in the honeybee population, which may be due to the interaction of multiple risk factors, such as changes in agricultural production, use of pesticides and presence of pathogens. Viruses, in particular, are suspected to be drivers of colony mortality. In this scenario, the aim of this study was to determine the presence of honeybee viruses (IAPV, DWV, SBV, ABPV, BQCV, CBPV) in A. mellifera populations using a RT-mPCR assay.Area of study: Apiaries were situated in Pichincha, Ecuador.Material and methods: Samples were collected from seventeen apiaries that exhibited mortality but without specific clinical signs. Each sample comprised 15 individuals. After RNA extraction, a multiplex PCR analysis was performed for presence of six viruses (IAPV, DWV, SBV, ABPV, BQCV, CBPV).Main results: Four of the viruses (ABPV, DWV, BQCV and SBV) were found in co-infections in these colonies, with ABPV and SBV also being found in simple infections.Research highlights: To our knowledge, this is the first molecular detection of BQCV and SBV in Ecuador. These findings suggest that some of the above viruses could be involved in weakening these colonies.

scholarly journals Comprehensive health assessment and blood analyte reference intervals of gopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus) in southeastern FL, USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Page-Karjian ◽  
Kathleen Rafferty ◽  
Clerson Xavier ◽  
Nicole I Stacy ◽  
Jon A Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Keystone Species ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Gopher Tortoise ◽  
Gopherus Polyphemus ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Mycoplasma Spp

Abstract The gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus), a keystone species, is declining throughout its geographic range. Lack of knowledge with respect to the potential infectious diseases present within wild populations creates a dilemma for wildlife biologists, conservationists and public policy makers. The objective of this study was to conduct a health assessment of two previously unstudied gopher tortoise aggregations located at two sites in southeastern FL. Samples were collected from 91 tortoises (48 adults, 35 juveniles, 8 hatchlings) captured at Florida Atlantic University’s Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, in Fort Pierce, FL, USA in 2019, and Loggerhead Park in Juno Beach, FL, USA, during 2018–2019. Samples of blood, nasal swabs and oral/cloacal swabs were analyzed for hematology, plasma protein electrophoretic profiles and infectious disease testing including Mycoplasma spp. serology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for Ranavirus, Herpesvirus and Anaplasma spp. Hematological and plasma protein electrophoresis reference intervals are presented for adult and juvenile tortoises from both sites combined. Clinical signs consistent with upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) were observed in 18/91 (20%) tortoises, and antibodies to Mycoplasma agassizii were detected in 33/77 (42.9%) tortoises. Adult tortoises were significantly more likely than juveniles to have URTD clinical signs, and statistically significant, positive relationships were observed between the presence of antibodies to Mycoplasma spp. and carapace length, packed cell volume and plasma globulin concentrations. Anaplasma spp. inclusions were observed in 8/82 (10%) tortoises, but PCR detected Anaplasma sp. in 21/83 (25%) tortoises. Herpesvirus and Ranavirus were not detected in any blood or swab samples. This work contributes important baseline information on the health of gopher tortoises toward the southern end of the species’ range.

scholarly journals Hematological Changes and Reference Intervals in Hanwoo Calves during the First 28 Weeks of Life

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1806
Author(s):  
Ui-Hyung Kim ◽  
Seung-Hwan Lee ◽  
Sang-Rae Cho ◽  
Sung-Sik Kang ◽  
Shil Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Analytic Process ◽  
Process Work ◽  
Hematological Changes

Hematological reference intervals must consider several parameters, including genotype, age, sex, management, and analytic process. Work is needed to evaluate hematological changes specifically in Hanwoo calves and according to calf sex. Therefore, in this study, we sought to confirm the complete blood cell count (CBC) reference intervals in Hanwoo calves, to monitor changes in hematologic values in Hanwoo calves from birth until 28 weeks of life, and to compare the hematologic values of male and female calves. A total of 35 male calves and 35 female calves was studied. Calf blood was sampled at multiple intervals from the time of birth until 28 weeks of age (including within 6 h of birth and at 2 days, 7 days, and 4 weeks and then at 4-week intervals through 28 weeks). In addition, blood samples were collected from 210 clinically healthy pregnant Hanwoo cows to establish CBC reference intervals for adult cattle. There were significant differences in the results of the cows and calves in all 14 parameters considered. The CBC reference intervals of the calves were wider than those of the cows in all parameters except mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and mean platelet volume. We also identified differences from birth through 28 weeks between male and female calves at only some ages and some parameters. These results suggest that CBC reference intervals specific to Hanwoo calves are necessary for accurate diagnosis of calf diseases.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Clinical Outcome in Domestic and Wild Cats: A Systematic Review

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2056
Author(s):  
Sebastian Giraldo-Ramirez ◽  
Santiago Rendon-Marin ◽  
Javier A. Jaimes ◽  
Marlen Martinez-Gutierrez ◽  
Julian Ruiz-Saenz
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Press Releases ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Escape Mutants ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Wild Cats ◽  
Multiple Species

Recently, it has been proved that SARS-CoV-2 has the ability to infect multiple species. This work was aimed at identifying the clinical signs of SARS-CoV-2 infection in domestic and wild felids. A PRISMA-based systematic review was performed on case reports on domestic and wild cats, reports on experimental infections, case reports in databases, preprints and published press releases. Descriptive statistical analysis of the data was performed. A total of 256 articles, 63 detailed official reports and 2 press articles on SARS-CoV-2 infection in domestic and wild cats were analyzed, of which 19 articles and 65 reports were finally included. In domestic cats, most cats’ infections are likely to be asymptomatic, and 46% of the reported infected animals were symptomatic and predominantly presented respiratory signs such as sneezing and coughing. In wild felines, respiratory clinical signs were most frequent, and up to 96.5% of the reported affected animals presented coughing. It is noteworthy that, to date, symptomatic animals with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been reported to belong to two different subfamilies (Phanterinae and Felinae), with up to five different felid species affected within the Felidae family. Reported results evince that the signs developed in felids show similar progression to those occurring in humans, suggesting a relationship between the viral cycle and target tissues of the virus in different species. While viral transmission to humans in contact with animal populations has not been reported, spill-back could result in the emergence of immune-escape mutants that might pose a risk to public health. Despite the clear results in the identification of the typical clinical picture of SARS-CoV-2 infection in felines, the number of detailed academic reports and papers on the subject is scarce. Therefore, further description of these cases will allow for more accurate and statistically robust clinical approaches in the future.

scholarly journals High occurrence of felid alphaherpesvirus 1 and feline calicivirus in domestic cats from southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 685-689
Author(s):  
Alice S. Becker ◽  
Francielle Liz Monteiro ◽  
Ana Carolina A. Scariot ◽  
Domitila B. Chagas ◽  
Geferson Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Feline Calicivirus ◽  
Ocular Injury ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Oral Swab ◽  
Viral Isolation ◽  
High Occurrence

ABSTRACT: Felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FeHV-1) and feline calicivirus (FCV) affect cats worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of occurrence of FeHV-1 and FCV in cats with clinical signs of respiratory, oral and/or ocular disease. Samples were collected from cats cared for in veterinary ambulatory and clinics and submitted to molecular detection and viral isolation. Of the 49 cats evaluated, 45 (92%) were positive for at least one of the viruses; 82% (40/49) were positive for FeHV-1 and 41% (20/49) for FCV. Of these, 31% (15/49) were coinfection cases. For FeHV-1, 45% (18/40) of the cats tested were positive from the collection of eye swab, and the same percentage (9/20) was obtained for the FCV by the oral swab. FeHV-1 and/or FCV were isolated in 35% (17/49) of the samples. The main clinical sign observed was ocular secretion in 71% (35/49) of cats, characterized as mild serous, purulent or serosanguineous, and in some cases associated with ocular injury and marked chemosis. Our findings demonstrate the high occurrence of FeHV-1 and FCV in domestic cats in southern Brazil and indicate that measures should be implemented to improve the diagnostic, prevention and management against of these important diseases.

Molecular detection of visceral leishmaniasis in dogs from Barão de Melgaço, Pantanal region of Mato Grosso, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Felipe L.R. Dias ◽  
Arleana B.P.F. Almeida ◽  
Luciano Nakazato ◽  
Valéria R.F. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Canine Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Low Prevalence

ABSTRACT: The increasing expansion of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the Brazilian territory evidences the need for studies focused on the main reservoir of this parasite: the dog. This study aimed to conduct an epidemiological survey in the municipality of Barão de Melgaço, Pantanal region of the state of Mato Grosso (MT), Brazil. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and qualitative SYBR®Green real-time PCR (qPCR) were used to diagnose canine VL (CVL) and characterize the factors associated with this infection. Of the 402 dogs that had blood samples collected, 31 presented the parasite DNA, representing a prevalence of 7.71% in the population studied. Positivity indices for PCR and qPCR were 3.48 (14/402) and 7.21% (29/402), respectively. Comparison of the results obtained by both techniques showed moderate agreement (Kappa = 0.5364). Of the independent variables analyzed, presence of clinical signs (p≤0.05) was the only one associated with CVL. Based on this study, we conclude that VL is a circulating disease, with relatively low prevalence, in dogs of Barão de Melgaço/MT, and that the presence of clinical signs is the only variable associated with canine infection.

Gestational and age-specific cystatin C reference intervals for newborns in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Tong ◽  
Yalan Liu ◽  
Yanqiu Wu ◽  
Qiong Li ◽  
Yipin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystatin C ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Perinatal Factors ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Serum Cystatin ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Backgroud : To establish reference values of serum cystatin C (CysC) in Chinese newborn infants. Methods: Serum CysC levels were measured in 1919 blood samples from 1044 newborns during their first 28 days of life. CysC levels were analyzed for association between subgroups dichotomized by postnatal age (PA) and gestational age (GA). Reference intervals of serum CysC were determined according to the PA and GA. The association between serum CysC level and other biochemical parameters as well as perinatal factors were also analyzed. Results: In this study, the mean GA was 35.75±2.90 weeks and birth weight was 2613.77±696.72 g. Reference ranges of serum CysC were determined and a general decreasing trend of CysC levels was observed as GA increased. CysC levels differed significantly among the PA and GA groups (P＜0.001). Serum CysC levels were relatively stable throughout GA, except being impacted by white blood cell count within postnatal 24 hours. Moreover, their levels always correlated positively with serum creatinine concentrations (P<0.001). Conclusion: The reference level of serum CysC should be determined according to PA and GA. In contrast to creatinine, serum CysC is a dependable index for assessing renal function in neonate, for there are rare factors influencing it.

scholarly journals Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and dental pulp reservoirs in Japanese adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Komei Iwai ◽  
Isao Watanabe ◽  
Toshiro Yamamoto ◽  
Nagato Kuriyama ◽  
Daisuke Matsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Supragingival Plaque ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonize the stomach and are considered an etiological agent of gastric cancer. The oral cavity is a transmission route to the stomach, but the exact site of colonization has not yet been explicated. Our study investigated the association between H. pylori infection and presence in oral samples. Methods Dental pulp, supragingival plaque, and saliva from 192 patients visiting the Dentistry’s outpatient clinic were collected for testing. The H. pylori ureA gene was identified via Nested PCR. Urine anti-H. pylori antibody test was utilized to detect infection. Results Twenty-five subjects were found to be antibody-positive. PCR analysis of dental pulp revealed that 23 subjects possessed the ureA gene. Twenty-one subjects were positive for both antibodies and genes in dental pulp. PCR testing revealed that 2 subjects were positive in dental plaque but negative for saliva. The subjects positive for H. pylori in dental pulp expressed clinical signs of severe dental caries. Conclusions H. pylori infected subjects expressed H. pylori in samples from the oral cavity. The main reservoir for infection within the oral cavity was determined to be dental pulp. Moreover, H. pylori are likely transmitted from dental caries to the root canal.

Systemic Mycobacterium avium Infection in a Dog Diagnosed by Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis of Buffy Coat

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Naughton ◽  
Katrina L. Mealey ◽  
K. Jane Wardrop ◽  
J. Lindsay Oaks ◽  
Daniel S. Bradway
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Mycobacterial Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
The Public ◽  
Avium Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Dogs may be infected by Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis, M. bovis, and M. avium complex, and the clinical signs associated with each of these infections may be indistinguishable. Rapid speciation of the infecting organism is desirable because of the public health concerns associated with M. bovis and M. tuberculosis infections. A mycobacterial infection was suspected in the dog of this report based on acid-fast staining of organisms in macrophages obtained from liver aspirates and buffy-coat preparations. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of a buffy-coat preparation identified M. avium.

Has respiratory cryptosporidiosis spread to black grouseTetrao tetrix?

2017 ◽  
Vol 181 (20) ◽  
pp. 540-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Parsons ◽  
Philip Warren ◽  
James Paul Duff ◽  
David Baines
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Black Grouse ◽  
Red Grouse ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Single Positive ◽  
Cryptosporidium Baileyi

Infection byCryptosporidium baileyiwas first confirmed in red grouse in northern England in 2010 and within three years spread to 48 per cent of moors. These form the last English stronghold for the rarer black grouse, and given the rapid spread of respiratory cryptosporidiosis among red grouse, concern has been expressed about possible infection. In 2010, the authors started screening black grouse for cryptosporidiosis in (1) dead birds taken for postmortem examination, (2) sample birds caught at night and (3) an observational study of birds attending leks. Between 2011 and 2016, five males were sent for postmortem examination, of which three had suspected cryptosporidiosis. No disease was found in one; the second had extensive, subacute to chronic sinusitis; and the third had severe sinusitis and unilateral conjunctivitis. PCR analysis detected cryptosporidial DNA in the third bird only; however, the parasite was not seen in stained preparations or on histopathology. No cryptosporidiosis clinical signs were observed in 69 birds caught at night or in 170 birds attending leks. The authors have no conclusive evidence that cryptosporidiosis is causing sinusitis in black grouse. However, a single positive cryptosporidia PCR result from an affected bird does raise the possibility that they may be infected with the parasite.

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