scholarly journals SEROPOSITIVITY FOR ASCARIOSIS AND TOXOCARIOSIS AND CYTOKINE EXPRESSION AMONG THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN THE VENEZUELAN DELTA REGION

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaida Araujo ◽  
Sietze Brandes ◽  
Elena Pinelli ◽  
María A. Bochichio ◽  
Andrea Palacios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Blotting Technique ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Ifn Γ

The present study aimed at measuring seropositivities for infection by Ascaris suum and Toxocara canis using the excretory/secretory (E/S) antigens from Ascaris suum (AES) and Toxocara canis (TES) within an indigenous population. In addition, quantification of cytokine expressions in peripheral blood cells was determined. A total of 50 Warao indigenous were included; of which 43 were adults and seven children. In adults, 44.1% were seropositive for both parasites; whereas children had only seropositivity to one or the other helminth. For ascariosis, the percentage of AES seropositivity in adults and children was high; 23.3% and 57.1%, respectively. While that for toxocariosis, the percentage of TES seropositivity in adults and children was low; 9.3% and 14.3%, respectively. The percentage of seronegativity was comparable for AES and TES antigens in adults (27.9%) and children (28.6%). When positive sera were analyzed by Western blotting technique using AES antigens; three bands of 97.2, 193.6 and 200.2 kDas were mostly recognized. When the TES antigens were used, nine major bands were mostly identified; 47.4, 52.2, 84.9, 98.2, 119.1, 131.3, 175.6, 184.4 and 193.6 kDas. Stool examinations showed that Blastocystis hominis, Hymenolepis nana and Entamoeba coli were the most commonly observed intestinal parasites. Quantification of cytokines IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-4 expressions showed that there was only a significant increased expression of IL-4 in indigenous with TES seropositivity (p < 0.002). Ascaris and Toxocara seropositivity was prevalent among Warao indigenous.

scholarly journals Heavy metal intoxication compromises the host cytokine response in Ascaris Suum model infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dvorožňáková ◽  
M. Dvorožňáková ◽  
J. Šoltys
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
Cytokine Response ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
High Level ◽  
Larval Burden ◽  
Heavy Metal Intoxication

SummaryLead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Mercury (Hg) are recognized for their deleterious effect on the environment and immunity where subsequently compromised immune response affects the susceptibility to the potential parasitic infections. This study examined the host cytokine response after heavy metal intoxication (Pb, Cd, and Hg) and subsequent Ascaris suum infection in BALB/c mice. Pb modulated murine immune response towards the Th2 type of response (delineated by IL-5 and IL-10 cytokine production) what was also dominant for the outcome of A. suum infection. Chronic intoxication with Pb caused a more intensive development of the parasite infection. Cd stimulated the Th1 immune response what was associated with increase in IFN-γ production and reduction of larvae present in the liver of intoxicated mice. The larval burden was also low in mice intoxicated with Hg. This was probably not related to the biased Th1/Th2 type of immune response, but rather to the bad host conditions caused by mercury toxicity and high level of pro-cachectic cytokine TNF-α.

The Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNFα) Inhibition on Platelet Counts in Adults and Children with Persistent ITP.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1075-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Tarantino ◽  
Dana M. Stephens ◽  
Karen L. Imfeld ◽  
Guy Young ◽  
Shirley A. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Platelet Response ◽  
Etanercept Treatment ◽  
Chronic Itp ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Ifn Γ

Abstract Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is hematologic disorder caused by autoimmune opsonization and premature destruction of platelets. Approximately 20% of children and the majority of adults will have a chronic course of ITP with antibody-mediated destruction of platelets and the inability to clear immune complexes. Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ are secreted following a Th1 response and are elevated in patients with chronic ITP. Recent treatments for chronic ITP in adults and children have focused on quelling dysregulated T and B lymphocyte activity. We conducted a pilot clinical trial of etanercept, a fusion peptibody composed of the soluble TNF-α receptor and the Fc portion of Ig. Hematologic and immunologic responses were measured before, during (blood counts only) and after a 12-week regimen of 0.4mg/kg/dose (max dose 25 mg) of subcutaneous etanercept, given twice weekly. Only fixed-dose prednisone or danazol were allowed as concomitant ITP medications. Cytokine concentrations were measured pre- and post-treatment from plasma and cultured lymphocytes (unstimulated or PHA- [2.5ng/ml] stimulated). Sixteen patients (9 male, 7 female), with chronic ITP (8 post-splenectomy) an initial platelet concentration &lt; 30 × 109/L were enrolled with data evaluable for 15. The mean age of the patients was 31 years (median 32, min/max 7/52 years). One patient withdrew due to dizziness thought related to the study drug. One patient developed autoimmune hemolytic anemia, was diagnosed with Evans syndrome at treatment week 3 and withdrew from the study. Otherwise, no severe or serious related adverse events were observed. Two patients had a complete platelet response (CR, plt count &gt; 150 × 109/L at least 6 weeks post treatment), 6 had a partial response (PR, plt count &gt; 30 × 109/L and double baseline plt count), one had a minimal response (MR, plt count &gt; 30 × 109/L) and 5 had no platelet response (NR). Two of the patients with PR had a platelet count rise that lasted at least until the end of the 8 week post-treatment observation period. The platelet response rate in nonsplenectomized and splenectomized patients was 67% and 28%, respectively, p = 0.1. Concentrations of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 IFN-γ and TGF-β, before and at the end of the 12-week treatment course, showed marked inter-patient variation and did not predict the platelet count outcome. Both patients that had a CR had a reduction in PHA-stimulated TNF-α of 33 and 30%, respectively. Others with NR to treatment had similar declines in TNF-α, however. Although the precise mechanism of action is unclear, etanercept treatment led to at least a partial platelet response in 50% of patients with persistent ITP and was well-tolerated.

CD4+CD25- effector T cells from healthy controls and MS patients do not differ in mRNA expression of IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (S 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Hug ◽  
J Haas ◽  
A Viehöver ◽  
B Fritz ◽  
B Storch-Hagenlocher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Effector T Cells ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

n. 174 (15): Dor On Line

Dor on line ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Barboni
Keyword(s):  
Tnf Α ◽  
On Line ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Solieria Filiformis

Chamada da Edição   Caros leitores, iniciando o ano de 2015 o boletim Dor On Line traz a vocês o primeiro de uma série de editoriais tendo como tema as toxinas e o estudo da dor. Ainda, e complementando nossa edição anterior, trazemos resumos apresentados em congressos no ano de 2014, mostrando aqui alertas sobre alguns trabalhos discutidos em formato de pôster no 46º Congresso Brasileiro de Farmacologia e Terapêutica Experimental, promovido pela SBFTE, Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacologia e Terapêutica Experimental, em Fortaleza - CE, de 21 a 24 de outubro de 2014. Boa Leitura!   Alertas   1. O Bloqueio do receptor de potencial transitório A1 reduz a hiperalgesia em um modelo de neuralgia do trigêmeo. 2. Avaliação da eficácia terapêutica do extrato de óleo de peixe no tratamento da dor neuropática. 3. Ativação supraespinal da via das quinureninas contribui para a manutenção da dor neuropática. 4. Ativação da aldeído-desidrogenase 2 reduz a dor neuropática e adutos de 4-hidroxinoneal. 5. O envolvimento do sistema opioidérgico na analgesia induzida por enriquecimento ambiental. 6. NOD1 E NOD2 contribuem para a gênese da dor neuropática e estão envolvidos na ativação de células gliais. 7. Polissacarídeo sulfatado derivado de algas vermelha solieria filiformis reduz hipernocicepção mecânica na articulação temporomandibular de ratos durante a artrite induzida por zymosan. 8. IFN-γ induz indoleamina (2,3)-dioxigenase (IDO) na medula espinal que contribui para a gênese da dor neuropática. 9. TNF-α participa da hipernocicepção e da inflamação induzida por cristais de urato em camundongos. 10. Investigação do papel dos receptores Toll-like 9 (TLR9) no desenvolvimento e manutenção da dor crônica inflamatória e neuropática.

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