High prevalence anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies, among blood donors in the State of Puebla, a non-endemic area of Mexico

INTRODUCTION: A seroepidemiological survey was carried out to evaluate Trypanosoma cruzi infection in an endemic area of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, involving rural residents. METHODS: Sixteen municipalities were randomly selected, 15 from the west mesoregion and one from the central, with an estimated population of 83,852 individuals. A total of 1,950 blood samples were collected in the west mesoregion and 390 in Caicó. Anti-T. cruzi antibodies were detected using the Chagatest® ELISA HAI-hemagglutination kits and indirect immunofluorescence. As sera presented indeterminate results, TESAcruzi® western blot was performed to confirm reactivity. RESULTS: An estimated seroprevalence of 6.5% was determined for the west mesoregion and 3.3% for Caicó. Seropositivity rises progressively with the age of individuals, up to 40 years in Caicó and up to 50 years in the west mesoregion. Only educational level and knowledge regarding the triatomine were associated with seropositivity. No seroreactive individuals under 18 years of age were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Infection by T. cruzi remains high and is concentrated in municipalities in the central western area of the west mesoregion; however, evidence suggests a decline in vector transmission in this mesoregion and in Caicó. Epidemiological variables appear not to influence seropositivity, with the exception of education and knowledge concerning the triatomine, among seroreactive individuals from the west mesoregion.

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High prevalence of Trypanosoma rangeli and Trypanosoma cruzi in opossums and triatomids in a formerly-endemic area of Chagas disease in Southeast Brazil

Acta Tropica ◽

10.1016/s0001-706x(02)00185-7 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 84 (3) ◽

pp. 189-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Luis Eduardo Ramirez ◽

Eliane Lages-Silva ◽

Frederico Alvarenga-Franco ◽

Aldo Matos ◽

Nancy Vargas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽

Chagas Disease ◽

Endemic Area ◽

Trypanosoma Rangeli ◽

Southeast Brazil ◽

High Prevalence

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Geographic Factors Contributing to a High Seroprevalence of West Nile Virus-Specific Antibodies in Humans following an Epidemic

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cvi.13.3.314-318.2006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 314-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Beth K. Schweitzer ◽

Wayne L. Kramer ◽

Anthony R. Sambol ◽

Jane L. Meza ◽

Steven H. Hinrichs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

West Nile Virus ◽

Blood Donors ◽

The State ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Seroprevalence Rate ◽

High Seroprevalence ◽

West Nile ◽

Geographic Factors ◽

Specific Antibodies ◽

High Prevalence

ABSTRACT Sera of 624 blood donors were evaluated to determine seroprevalence of West Nile virus (WNV) antibodies following the 2003 WNV epidemic in Nebraska. Geographic factors contributing to differences in WNV seropositivity were evaluated. The overall prevalence of WNV in Nebraska was higher than reported previously in other U.S. locations (9.5% WNV immunoglobulin G seroprevalence rate), with the highest prevalence identified in the western part of the state (19.7%), followed by the central (13.8%) and the eastern (4.2%) parts. Regions of the state with the highest WNV-positive mosquito rates correlated with the highest human WNV seroprevalence rates. The results showed that both the western and central parts of the state, where mosquito positivity rates were highest, had significantly higher seroprevalence rates than the eastern region. Additional studies are needed to determine whether the high prevalence rates in Nebraska will be reflected in other states and what impact environmental and geographical factors may have on future outbreaks of WNV infection.

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Seroprevalence Survey of American Trypanosomiasis in Central Valley of Toluca

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/2012/450619 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Israel A. Quijano-Hernández ◽

Alejandro Castro-Barcena ◽

Alberto Barbabosa-Pliego ◽

Laucel Ochoa-García ◽

Javier Del Ángel-Caraza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Chagas Disease ◽

Endemic Area ◽

Central Valley ◽

The State ◽

Animal Population ◽

Endemic Country ◽

American Trypanosomiasis ◽

Serologic Tests ◽

High Prevalence

American trypanosomiasis is a growing health issue in the Americas. México is an endemic country, where some locations such as in the State of México are considered highly prevalent. In the valley of Toluca city, the capital of the State of Mexico, there exists an apparent high prevalence in dogs. The absence of triatomine vectors suggests that dogs may not be infected. Therefore, we conducted a directed survey to domiciliated and nondomiciliated dogs to reassess dogs’T. cruziseroprevalence status. HAI and ELISA serologic tests were applied to 124 and 167 serums of domiciliated and nondomiciliated dogs in the target city. Risk factors were estimated, but the results did not show any evidence to assess them. No domiciliated dogs tested positive to both tests, whereas only one non-domiciliated dog resulted positive. This animal may have acquired the infection in an endemic area and then migrated to Toluca. Research results indicate thatT. cruziinfection is not actively transmitted among dogs, and it is pointed out that dogs are the main sentinel animal population to evaluate a possible expansion of the territory affected by Chagas’ disease.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Trypanosoma cruzi parasitemia in US blood donors with serologic evidence of infection.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1115479.571508 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Carlos Morel

Keyword(s):

Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Serologic Evidence

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Prevalence of Eimeria spp. in calves from dairy farms in northern Paraná state, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612017072 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 118-122

Author(s):

Sérgio Tosi Cardim ◽

Mércia Seixas ◽

Victor Bittencourt Dutra Tabacow ◽

Alessandra Taroda ◽

Priscilla Gomes Carneiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Identification ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Northern Region ◽

The State ◽

Pathogenic Species ◽

Eimeria Spp ◽

High Prevalence ◽

The World ◽

Cattle Herds ◽

First Time

Abstract Bovine coccidiosis is a disease of major importance in cattle herds across the world. The disorder mainly affects young calves, and E. bovis and E. zuernii are considered the most pathogenic species of the genus, however, E. alabamensis have been described in grazing calves. In this study, the prevalence of Eimeria spp. was evaluated in calves on dairy farms in the northern region of the state of Paraná, Brazil. Four hundred calves on 44 dairy farms were tested for the presence of coccidian oocysts. The positives were re-examined and the oocysts were morphometrically analyzed for species identification. All the farms were contaminated and 205 animals (51.25%) presented Eimeria spp. oocysts. Among these, 146 animals (71.22%) were co-infected by two or more species of coccidia. Ten species of Eimeria were identified: E. bovis (in 30.25% of the positive samples), E. alabamensis (26.75%), E. zuernii (22.00%), E. ellipsoidalis (18.50%), E. auburnensis (13.75%), E. canadensis (8.00%), E. cylindrica (7.25%), E. subspherica (5.00%), E. bukidnonensis (3.00%) and E. brasiliensis (0.75%). This study demonstrates the high prevalence of Eimeria spp. in the northern region of Paraná, Brazil, and detection for the first time in our region the pathogenic species E. alabamensis.

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Evaluation of IgG-ELISA for the diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum in a high prevalence, low intensity endemic area of China

Acta Tropica ◽

10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.05.005 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 107 (2) ◽

pp. 128-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Dan-Dan Lin ◽

Jin-Mei Xu ◽

Yuan-Yuan Zhang ◽

Yue-Min Liu ◽

Fei Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Schistosoma Japonicum ◽

Endemic Area ◽

Low Intensity ◽

High Prevalence

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Psittacosis in a highly endemic area in Italy

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s095026880006790x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 99 (2) ◽

pp. 413-419 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. Maffei ◽

A. Marracino ◽

F. Di Stanislao ◽

P. Pauri ◽

M. Clementi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tract Infection ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract ◽

Endemic Area ◽

Blood Donors ◽

X Rays ◽

Source Of Infection ◽

Epidemiological Features ◽

Probable Source ◽

The University ◽

Microimmunofluorescence Test

SUMMARYIn one locality in Italy where the incidence of psittacosis has increased rapidly since 1980, a hospital-based study and a seroepidemiological survey were carried out in order to define the clinical and epidemiological features of psittacosis in that area.Registers of the Virology Unit of the University of Ancona, Italy, were reviewed and all hospitalized patients with a serological diagnosis of psittacosis were identified. A total of 76 cases were found and studied. A presumptive bird source was identified in 80% of 62 patients, on whom a detailed investigation had been possible. Poultry represented the most frequent probable source of infection. Clinically, the predominant pattern of illness was a moderately severe lower respiratory tract infection, with chest X-rays showing pulmonary shadowings in 68 patients (89%).In the seroepidemiological study, 51 out of 143 subjects were exposed to birds (35·7%), but only 7 out of 90 urban adult blood donors (7·3%) were positive for chlamydial antibodies using the microimmunofluorescence test.

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