scholarly journals Lipoxygenase activities during development of root and nodule of soybean

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Góes Junghans ◽  
Maria Goreti de Almeida Oliveira ◽  
Maurilio Alves Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Lipoxygenase Activity ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Isogenic Line ◽  
Near Isogenic Line ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Elkanii ◽  
Over Time

The objective of this work was to evaluate root and nodule soybean lipoxygenases in Doko cultivar and in a near isogenic line lacking seed lipoxygenases, inoculated and uninoculated with Bradyrhizobium elkanii. The lipoxygenase activities from roots collected at 3, 5, 9, 13, 18 and 28 days post-inoculation and from nodules collected at 13, 18 and 28 days post-inoculation were measured. The pH-activity profiles from root and nodules suggested that the lipoxygenases pool expressed in these organs from Doko cultivar and triple-null near isogenic lines are similar. The root lipoxygenase activity of Doko and triple-null lines, inoculated and uninoculated, reduced over time. The highest lipoxygenase activity observed at the beginning of root formation suggests the involvement of this enzyme in growth and development of this organ. However, for nodules an expressive increase of lipoxygenase activity was noticed 28 days post-inoculation. Root and nodule showed, at least, two mobility groups for lipoxygenases in immunoblottings, with approximately 94 and 97 kDa.

scholarly journals Powdery Mildew-Induced Hormonal and Photosynthetic Changes in Barley Near Isogenic Lines Carrying Various Resistant Genes

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Saja ◽  
Anna Janeczko ◽  
Balázs Barna ◽  
Andrzej Skoczowski ◽  
Michał Dziurka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Leaf Reflectance ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Psii Activity

The present work focused on the characterization of some physiological mechanisms activated upon powdery mildew inoculation of the susceptible barley cultivar Ingrid and its near-isogenic lines (NILs) carrying various resistant genes (Mla, Mlg and mlo). After inoculation with Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh), measurements of leaf reflectance and chlorophyll a fluorescence were performed 3 and 7 day post-inoculation (dpi), while hormone assays were made 7 dpi. Bgh-inoculated resistant genotypes were characterized by lowered leaf reflectance parameters that correlated with carotenoids (CRI) and water content (WBI) in comparison to inoculated Ingrid. The PSII activity (i.e., Fv/Fm, ETo/CSm and P.I.ABS) strongly decreased in susceptible Ingrid leaves when the disease symptoms became visible 7 dpi. In Mla plants with visible hypersensitive spots the PSII activity decreased to a lesser extent. Inoculation resulted in a very slight decrease of photosynthesis at later stage of infection in Mlg plants, whereas in resistant mlo plants the PSII activity did not change. Chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements allowed presymptomatic detection of infection in Ingrid and Mla. Changes in the homeostasis of 22 phytohormones (cytokinins, auxins, gibberellins and the stress hormones JA, SA and ABA) in powdery mildew inoculated barley are discussed in relation to resistance against this biotrophic pathogen.

Near isogenic lines of soybeans as tools to identify nodulation specificmutants of Bradyrhizobium elkanii

1993 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Devine ◽  
J. J. O'Neill ◽  
L. D. Kuykendall
Keyword(s):  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Elkanii

Changes in growth and development in cotton associated with genes for frego bract and glabrous leaf

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (126) ◽  
pp. 426 ◽  
Author(s):  
PE Reid ◽  
NJ Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Factorial Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Tissue ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines

Changes to cotton morphology and phenology associated with the frego bract and glabrous leaf genes (singly and combined) were measured in a field experiment using four near isogenic lines. Factorial analysis showed that frego bract was associated with more changes than glabrous leaf and that there were few significant interactions. Frego bract plants were 7% taller than normal bract plants at maturity, exhibited a delay in fruit production, had a greater proportion of fruit on sympodia of monopodial branches, shed more squares and had a lower proportion of reproductive to nonreproductive tissue. Glabrous-leafed plants produced fruit slightly later than hairy-leafed plants and had a lower proportion of reproductive to non-reproductive tissue. Overall, the growth of frego bract and glabrous-leafed plants was not sufficiently different from that of normal plants to warrant changes to the simple fruit model in the commercially available SIRATAC pest management program.

Evaluation of the effect of qSB-9Tq involved in quantitative resistance to rice sheath blight using near-isogenic lines

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Yin ◽  
S Zuo ◽  
H Wang ◽  
Z Chen ◽  
S Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Isogenic Line ◽  
Rice Sheath Blight ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Backcross Population ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Disease Rating

Resistance to rice sheath blight disease that causes significant yield losses worldwide is controlled by multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL). The accurate resistance effect of qSB-9Tq, a major QTL that derived from the indica cultivar Teqing, was investigated by using a backcross population of Teqing and Lemont (the latter as the recurrent parent) and a set of near-isogenic lines (NIL) developed in this study. A strong pathogenic Rhizoctonia solani line, RH-9, was used for inoculation. Two different experimental designs were adopted. One was a completely randomized experiment in which plants that exhibited three different genotypes at qSB-9Tq locus were distinguished by detecting the marker genotypes flanking qSB-9Tq in the BC6F2 segregation population. The other was a randomized block design experiment with three replicates using the three NILs of qSB-9Tq. The combined results of the two experiments suggested that qSB-9Tq was a dominant resistance QTL and could reduce disease rating by approximately 1.0 using a 0~9 disease rating scale. The results of the study provide a strong foundation for the fine mapping of qSB-9Tq and its utilization in breeding.Key words: Near-isogenic line, quantitative trait locus, resistance effect, rice (Oryza sativa L.), sheath blight

scholarly journals Host Genetic Effect on Deoxynivalenol Accumulation in Fusarium Head Blight of Barley

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 766-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Smith ◽  
C. K. Evans ◽  
R. Dill-Macky ◽  
C. Gustus ◽  
W. Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Mapping Population ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Isogenic Lines

One of the major concerns with Fusarium head blight (FHB) of barley is the potential health risks to livestock and humans through the accumulation of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in infected grain. To define the role of the host in DON accumulation during the early stages of disease development, we conducted a series of greenhouse experiments. We inoculated single spikelets of greenhouse-grown plants with Fusarium graminearum, moved the plants to a dew chamber, and harvested the inoculated spikelets after 72 h for DON analysis. We conducted a quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis using a genetic mapping population, constructed with the parents Stander and Frederickson, that segregated for DON accumulation after single-spikelet inoculation in two experiments. A single QTL on chromosome 3 explained 18 and 35% of the phenotypic variation in the two experiments. To validate this QTL for DON accumulation, we used a DNA marker to select near-isogenic lines from a family from the mapping population that was segregating at this QTL. Disease symptom development was similar between the nearisogenic lines; however, the mean DON concentration of the lines homozygous for the allele from the high DON parent was 2.5-fold more than the lines homozygous for the alternate allele. A time course experiment showed that this effect on toxin accumulation was observed at 10 days post inoculation. The near-isogenic lines developed in this study should prove useful for further exploration of the role of DON in FHB.

scholarly journals Primary metabolite contents are correlated with seed protein and oil traits in near-isogenic lines of soybean

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 651-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wang ◽  
Pengfei Zhou ◽  
Xiaolei Shi ◽  
Na Yang ◽  
Long Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Protein ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Primary Metabolite ◽  
Isogenic Lines

Comparative analysis of genetic background in eight near-isogenic wheat lines with different H genes conferring resistance to Hessian fly

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Xu ◽  
C. G. Chu ◽  
M. O. Harris ◽  
C. E. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Background ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hessian Fly ◽  
Pedigree Analysis ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Linkage Drag ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
H Gene

Near-isogenic lines (NILs) are useful for plant genetic and genomic studies. However, the strength of conclusions from such studies depends on the similarity of the NILs’ genetic backgrounds. In this study, we investigated the genetic similarity for a set of NILs developed in the 1990s to study gene-for-gene interactions between wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) and the Hessian fly ( Mayetiola destructor (Say)), an important pest of wheat. Each of the eight NILs carries a single H resistance gene and was created by successive backcrossing for two to six generations to susceptible T. aestivum ‘Newton’. We generated 256 target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP) markers and used them to calculate genetic similarity, expressed by the Nei and Li (NL) coefficient. Six of the NILs (H3, H5, H6, H9, H11, and H13) had the highly uniform genetic background of Newton, with NL coefficients from 0.97 to 0.99. However, genotypes with H10 or H12 were less similar to Newton, with NL coefficients of 0.86 and 0.93, respectively. Cluster analysis based on NL coefficients and pedigree analysis showed that the genetic similarity between each of the NILs and Newton was affected by both the number of backcrosses and the genetic similarity between Newton and the H gene donors. We thus generated an equation to predict the number of required backcrosses, given varying similarity of donor and recurrent parent. We also investigated whether the genetic residues of the donor parents that remained in the NILs were related to linkage drag. By using a complete set of ‘Chinese Spring’ nullisomic-tetrasomic lines, one third of the TRAP markers that showed polymorphism between the NILs and Newton were assigned to a specific chromosome. All of the assigned markers were located on chromosomes other than the chromosome carrying the H gene, suggesting that the genetic residues detected in this study were not due to linkage drag. Results will aid in the development and use of near-isogenic lines for studies of the functional genomics of wheat.

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