scholarly journals Base genética da resistência de um acesso de tomate silvestre ao mosaico-amarelo do pimentão

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 713-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Pinto Juhász ◽  
Derly José Henriques da Silva ◽  
Francisco Murilo Zerbini Júnior ◽  
Pedro Crescêncio Souza Carneiro ◽  
Bruno Oliveira Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Lycopersicon Hirsutum

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a base genética da resistência de Lycopersicon hirsutum ao potyvírus Pepper yellow mosaic virus (PepYMV). Foram avaliadas 540 plantas, inclusive os parentais 'Santa Clara' (suscetível) e 'BGH 6902' (resistente), e as gerações F1, F2, RC1:1 e RC1:2, derivadas do cruzamento desses parentais. As plantas receberam inoculações mecanicamente, e a concentração viral de PepYMV em cada planta foi determinada por ELISA indireto. Foram realizadas as análises quantitativa e qualitativa. A primeira, baseada na concentração viral de cada planta, indicou herança oligogênica com herdabilidade de 99%. Os mesmos dados, quando analisados de forma qualitativa, indicaram herança governada por dois genes, com interação epistática dominante e recessiva. Entretanto, quando foi analisada a geração F2:3, oriunda da autofecundação de plantas F2 resistentes, a hipótese de dois genes foi descartada e a de um gene, com dominância completa entre os alelos, foi a que melhor se ajustou aos dados. A análise qualitativa, pela sintomatologia observada, demonstrou que a herança da resistência ao PepYMV é determinada por um gene recessivo, com ausência de dominância entre os seus alelos.

scholarly journals Towards plant resistance to viruses using protein-only RNase P

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Gobert ◽  
Yifat Quan ◽  
Mathilde Arrivé ◽  
Florent Waltz ◽  
Nathalie Da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Replication ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Rnase P ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Resistance To Viruses ◽  
Target Plant

AbstractPlant viruses cause massive crop yield loss worldwide. Most plant viruses are RNA viruses, many of which contain a functional tRNA-like structure. RNase P has the enzymatic activity to catalyze the 5′ maturation of precursor tRNAs. It is also able to cleave tRNA-like structures. However, RNase P enzymes only accumulate in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts rather than cytosol where virus replication takes place. Here, we report a biotechnology strategy based on the re-localization of plant protein-only RNase P to the cytosol (CytoRP) to target plant viruses tRNA-like structures and thus hamper virus replication. We demonstrate the cytosol localization of protein-only RNase P in Arabidopsis protoplasts. In addition, we provide in vitro evidences for CytoRP to cleave turnip yellow mosaic virus and oilseed rape mosaic virus. However, we observe varied in vivo results. The possible reasons have been discussed. Overall, the results provided here show the potential of using CytoRP for combating some plant viral diseases.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Three Potyviruses Infecting Cucurbits in Oklahoma and Phylogenetic Analysis of Cucurbit Aphid-Borne Yellows Virus Isolated from Pumpkins

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Vivek Khanal ◽  
Harrington Wells ◽  
Akhtar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Us ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Status ◽  
Low Incidence

Field information about viruses infecting crops is fundamental for understanding the severity of the effects they cause in plants. To determine the status of cucurbit viruses, surveys were conducted for three consecutive years (2016–2018) in different agricultural districts of Oklahoma. A total of 1331 leaf samples from >90 fields were randomly collected from both symptomatic and asymptomatic cucurbit plants across 11 counties. All samples were tested with the dot-immunobinding assay (DIBA) against the antisera of 10 known viruses. Samples infected with papaya ringspot virus (PRSV-W), watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), and cucurbit aphid-borne-yellows virus (CABYV) were also tested by RT-PCR. Of the 10 viruses, PRSV-W was the most widespread, with an overall prevalence of 59.1%, present in all 11 counties, followed by ZYMV (27.6%), in 10 counties, and WMV (20.7%), in seven counties, while the remaining viruses were present sporadically with low incidence. Approximately 42% of the infected samples were positive, with more than one virus indicating a high proportion of mixed infections. CABYV was detected for the first time in Oklahoma, and the phylogenetic analysis of the first complete genome sequence of a CABYV isolate (BL-4) from the US showed a close relationship with Asian isolates.

scholarly journals Genomic prediction models trained with historical records enable populating the German ex situ genebank bio-digital resource center of barley (Hordeum sp.) with information on resistances to soilborne barley mosaic viruses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Y. Gonzalez ◽  
Yusheng Zhao ◽  
Yong Jiang ◽  
Nils Stein ◽  
Antje Habekuss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Genomic Prediction ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Resource Center ◽  
Digital Resource ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased

AbstractKey messageGenomic prediction with special weight of major genes is a valuable tool to populate bio-digital resource centers.AbstractPhenotypic information of crop genetic resources is a prerequisite for an informed selection that aims to broaden the genetic base of the elite breeding pools. We investigated the potential of genomic prediction based on historical screening data of plant responses against theBarley yellow mosaic virusesfor populating the bio-digital resource center of barley. Our study includes dense marker data for 3838 accessions of winter barley, and historical screening data of 1751 accessions forBarley yellow mosaic virus(BaYMV) and of 1771 accessions forBarley mild mosaic virus(BaMMV). Linear mixed models were fitted by considering combinations for the effects of genotypes, years, and locations. The best linear unbiased estimations displayed a broad spectrum of plant responses against BaYMV and BaMMV. Prediction abilities, computed as correlations between predictions and observed phenotypes of accessions, were low for the marker-assisted selection approach amounting to 0.42. In contrast, prediction abilities of genomic best linear unbiased predictions were high, with values of 0.62 for BaYMV and 0.64 for BaMMV. Prediction abilities of genomic prediction were improved by up to ~ 5% using W-BLUP, in which more weight is given to markers with significant major effects found by association mapping. Our results outline the utility of historical screening data and W-BLUP model to predict the performance of the non-phenotyped individuals in genebank collections. The presented strategy can be considered as part of the different approaches used in genebank genomics to valorize genetic resources for their usage in disease resistance breeding and research.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Histone Deacetylase Gene Family in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Peng Jin ◽  
Shiqi Gao ◽  
Long He ◽  
Miaoze Xu ◽  
Tianye Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Gene Family Evolution ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Wheat Yellow Mosaic Virus

Histone acetylation is a dynamic modification process co-regulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Although HDACs play vital roles in abiotic or biotic stress responses, their members in Triticumaestivum and their response to plant viruses remain unknown. Here, we identified and characterized 49 T. aestivumHDACs (TaHDACs) at the whole-genome level. Based on phylogenetic analyses, TaHDACs could be divided into 5 clades, and their protein spatial structure was integral and conserved. Chromosomal location and synteny analyses showed that TaHDACs were widely distributed on wheat chromosomes, and gene duplication has accelerated the TaHDAC gene family evolution. The cis-acting element analysis indicated that TaHDACs were involved in hormone response, light response, abiotic stress, growth, and development. Heatmaps analysis of RNA-sequencing data showed that TaHDAC genes were involved in biotic or abiotic stress response. Selected TaHDACs were differentially expressed in diverse tissues or under varying temperature conditions. All selected TaHDACs were significantly upregulated following infection with the barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV), Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV), and wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV), suggesting their involvement in response to viral infections. Furthermore, TaSRT1-silenced contributed to increasing wheat resistance against CWMV infection. In summary, these findings could help deepen the understanding of the structure and characteristics of the HDAC gene family in wheat and lay the foundation for exploring the function of TaHDACs in plants resistant to viral infections.

Gerstengelbmosaik-Virus (barley yellow mosaic virus): Ergebnisse biologischer, serologischer und elektronen-mikroskpopischer Untersuchungen

1987 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Proeseler ◽  
Hartmut Kegler ◽  
Joilannes Richter ◽  
Dieter Reichenbächer ◽  
Andreas Stanarius
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Mosaic Virus

scholarly journals Breeding for Enhancing Legumovirus Resistance in Mungbean: Current Understanding and Future Directions

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Mohan Singh ◽  
Poornima Singh ◽  
Aditya Pratap ◽  
Rakesh Pandey ◽  
Shalini Purwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Bipartite Begomoviruses ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Vigna Species ◽  
Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus

Yellow mosaic disease (YMD) affects several types of leguminous crops, including the Vigna species, which comprises a number of commercially important pulse crops. YMD is characterized by the formation of a bright yellow mosaic pattern on the leaves; in severe forms, this pattern can also be seen on stems and pods. This disease leads to tremendous yield losses, even up to 100%, in addition to deterioration in seed quality. Symptoms of this disease are similar among affected plants; YMD is not limited to mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) and also affects other collateral and alternate hosts. In the last decade, rapid advancements in molecular detection techniques have been made, leading to an improved understanding of YMD-causing viruses. Three distinct bipartite begomoviruses, namely, Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV), Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV), and Horsegram Yellow Mosaic Virus (HgYMV), are known to cause YMD in Vigna spp. Vigna crops serve as an excellent protein source for vegetarians worldwide; moreover, they aid in improving soil health by fixing atmospheric nitrogen through a symbiotic association with Rhizobium bacteria. The loss in the yield of these short-duration crops due to YMD, thus, needs to be checked. This review highlights the discoveries that have been made regarding various aspects of YMD affecting mungbean, including the determination of YMD-causing viruses and strategies used to develop high-yielding YMD-resistant mungbean varieties that harness the potential of related Vigna species through the use of different omics approaches.

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