scholarly journals Time-related action of Lactobacillus plantarum in the bacterial microbiota of shrimp digestive tract and its action as immunostimulant

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 763-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe do Nascimento Vieira ◽  
Celso Carlos Buglione Neto ◽  
José Luiz Pedreira Mouriño ◽  
Adolfo Jatobá ◽  
Cristina Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Phenol Oxidase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phenol Oxidase Activity ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Bacterial Microbiota ◽  
Significant Difference

The objective of this work was to assess the time-related action of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum in the bacterial microbiota of the digestive tract of Litopenaeus vannamei, and the relation of total haemocyte count and serum phenol oxidase activity of shrimp challenged with Vibrio harveyi. Shrimps were fed with a probiotic-supplemented diet, for eight days, then shifted to a commercial diet. Shrimps fed only with the commercial diet served as control. Evaluations were made on the 8th day of experiment and repeated two, four, six and eight days later. Total lactic bacteria in the digestive tract was higher until the 4th day of evaluation in the probiotic-supplemented group. Vibrio spp. counts were higher in the control at days zero and two. Until the 4th day of evaluation, the total haemocyte counts in shrimps after challenge with V. harveyi were higher in probiotic-supplemented group than in control group. Significant difference was not observed in phenol oxidase activity. On the 6th day after shifting from supplemented to control diet, all parameters were equal in both groups, suggesting that the time-related action of L. plantarum in shrimp is short.

Microtopography Alters Hydrology, Phenol Oxidase Activity and Nutrient Availability in Organic Soils of a Coastal Freshwater Forested Wetland

Wetlands ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevan J. Minick ◽  
Alexia M. Kelley ◽  
Guofang Miao ◽  
Xuefeng Li ◽  
Asko Noormets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Phenol Oxidase ◽  
Forested Wetland ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Phenol Oxidase Activity

scholarly journals Are colorimetric assays appropriate for measuring phenol oxidase activity in peat soils?

2017 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 108-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena M. Wiedermann ◽  
Evan S. Kane ◽  
Timothy J. Veverica ◽  
Erik A. Lilleskov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Phenol Oxidase ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Phenol Oxidase Activity ◽  
Colorimetric Assays

scholarly journals Protective effect of cyanidin 3-O-β-d-glucoside on ochratoxin A-mediated damage in the rat

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 937-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Di Giacomo ◽  
Rosaria Acquaviva ◽  
Andrea Piva ◽  
Valeria Sorrenti ◽  
Luca Vanella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiol Groups ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The aim of the present study was to verify whether the oral administration of cyanidin 3-O-β-d-glucoside (C3G) might counteract damage induced by chronic exposure (28 d) to ochratoxin A (OTA) in rats and if its effect may be mediated by haeme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Forty male Sprague–Dawley rats, individually caged, were divided into four groups of ten animals. A control group received a commercial diet, group C3G received the control diet supplemented with C3G (1 g/kg feed), group OTA received the control diet supplemented with 200 parts per billion of OTA, and group OTA+C3G received the OTA group diet supplemented with C3G (1 g/kg feed). After 4 weeks of treatment animals were killed and the liver, kidneys and brain of each rat were collected and homogenised to evaluate non-proteic thiol groups (RSH), lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) levels, HO-1 expression and DNA fragmentation. Rats of the OTA group showed a significant (P < 0·001) decrease in RSH content of kidney and liver and a significant (P < 0·001) increase of LOOH in all the examined tissues compared with the control group. In the OTA+C3G group both RSH content and LOOH levels were similar to those observed in the control group, demonstrating that C3G was able to counteract the effects of OTA. A significant (P < 0·001) induction of HO-1 was evident in kidney and liver of both OTA and C3G groups. DNA damage occurred in all the examined tissues of the OTA group, whereas C3G was able to prevent it. The present study confirmed that the effects of OTA are mediated by oxidative stress and demonstrated that C3G efficiently counteracted deleterious effects of OTA because of its antioxidant and HO-1-inducing properties.

scholarly journals Probiotics Modulate Tilapia Resistance and Immune Response against Tilapia Lake Virus Infection

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 919
Author(s):  
Pitchaporn Waiyamitra ◽  
Mehmet Arif Zoral ◽  
Aksorn Saengtienchai ◽  
Amorn Luengnaruemitchai ◽  
Olivier Decamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Immune Related Genes

Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) causes an emerging viral disease associated with high mortality and economic damage in tilapia farming around the world. The use of probiotics in aquaculture has been suggested as an alternative to antibiotics and drugs to reduce the negative impact of bacterial and viral infections. In this study, we investigate the effect of probiotic Bacillus spp. supplementation on mortality, viral load, and expression of immune-related genes in red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) upon TiLV infection. Fish were divided into three groups, and fed with: control diet, 0.5% probiotics-supplemented diet, and 1% probiotics-supplemented diet. After 21 days of experimental feeding, the three groups were infected with TiLV and monitored for mortality and growth performances, while organs were sampled at different time points to measure viral load and the transcription modulation of immune response markers. No significant difference was found among the groups in terms of weight gain (WG), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), or feed conversion ratio (FCR). A lower cumulative mortality was retrieved from fish fed 0.5% and 1% probiotics (25% and 24%, respectively), compared to the control group (32%). Moreover, fish fed with 1% probiotic diet had a significantly lower viral load, than those fed with 0.5% probiotic and control diet at 5, 6, 9, and 12 days post infection-challenge (dpc). The expression patterns of immune-related genes, including il-8 (also known as CXCL8), ifn-γ, irf-3, mx, rsad-2 (also known as VIPERIN) showed significant upregulation upon probiotic treatment during the peak of TiLV pathogenesis (between 9 and 12 dpc) and during most of the study period in fish fed with 1% probiotics-supplemented diet. Taken together, these findings indicate that dietary supplementation using Bacillus spp. probiotics may have beneficial effects to strengthen tilapia immunity and resistance against TiLV infections. Therefore, probiotic treatments may be preventively administered to reduce losses caused by this emerging viral infection in tilapia aquaculture.

scholarly journals Effect of an alcoholic diet on dental caries and on Streptococcus of the mutans group: study in rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Zanini Kantorski ◽  
Daniela Martins de Souza ◽  
Verônica Quispe Yujra ◽  
Juliana Campos Junqueira ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Occlusal Caries ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
Significant Difference

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an alcohol diet on Streptococcus of the mutans group and on dental caries in the oral cavity of rats. Forty animals were divided into 3 groups according to the following liquid diets: 20% ethanol solution (Alcohol Group, AG), 27% sucrose solution (Isocaloric Group, IG), and water (Control Group, CG). After 56 days, samples were collected and plated on Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin agar to assess the number of colony forming units (CFU/mL) of Streptococcus of the mutans group. The animals were sacrificed and the jaws were removed in order to assess the occurrence of dental caries on the smooth and occlusal surfaces using stereomicroscopy. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test. The average numbers of CFU/mL (10³) were: 8.17 (AG), 9.78 (IG), and 5.63 (CG). There was no significant difference among the groups for the occurrence of occlusal caries. Regarding smooth surface caries, in the upper jaw, the caries number in the IG (1.58) was similar to that in the AG (2.06) and in the CG (1.14), and the number of caries in the AG was higher than in the CG; in the lower jaw there was significant difference among the 3 groups: AG (1.14), IG (2.00) and CG (0.43). The diets with the alcohol and sucrose solutions presented a tendency of increasing the colonization by Streptococcus of the mutans group and of increasing the occurrence of smooth surface dental caries in rat molars when compared to the control diet.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document