scholarly journals Protective effect of cyanidin 3-O-β-d-glucoside on ochratoxin A-mediated damage in the rat

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 937-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Di Giacomo ◽  
Rosaria Acquaviva ◽  
Andrea Piva ◽  
Valeria Sorrenti ◽  
Luca Vanella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiol Groups ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The aim of the present study was to verify whether the oral administration of cyanidin 3-O-β-d-glucoside (C3G) might counteract damage induced by chronic exposure (28 d) to ochratoxin A (OTA) in rats and if its effect may be mediated by haeme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Forty male Sprague–Dawley rats, individually caged, were divided into four groups of ten animals. A control group received a commercial diet, group C3G received the control diet supplemented with C3G (1 g/kg feed), group OTA received the control diet supplemented with 200 parts per billion of OTA, and group OTA+C3G received the OTA group diet supplemented with C3G (1 g/kg feed). After 4 weeks of treatment animals were killed and the liver, kidneys and brain of each rat were collected and homogenised to evaluate non-proteic thiol groups (RSH), lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) levels, HO-1 expression and DNA fragmentation. Rats of the OTA group showed a significant (P < 0·001) decrease in RSH content of kidney and liver and a significant (P < 0·001) increase of LOOH in all the examined tissues compared with the control group. In the OTA+C3G group both RSH content and LOOH levels were similar to those observed in the control group, demonstrating that C3G was able to counteract the effects of OTA. A significant (P < 0·001) induction of HO-1 was evident in kidney and liver of both OTA and C3G groups. DNA damage occurred in all the examined tissues of the OTA group, whereas C3G was able to prevent it. The present study confirmed that the effects of OTA are mediated by oxidative stress and demonstrated that C3G efficiently counteracted deleterious effects of OTA because of its antioxidant and HO-1-inducing properties.

scholarly journals A COMPARISON OF BODY MASS INDEX AND WEIGHT GAIN AMONG MALE SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS ON BROILER AND DOMESTIC CHICKEN MEAT FEED

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1662-65
Author(s):  
Hammad Gul Khan ◽  
Amir Rashid ◽  
Zainab Khan ◽  
Faiza Aman ◽  
Muhammad Shoaib
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Group I ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Pelleted Diet

Objective: To compare and evaluate the effects of broiler chicken fed with commercially offered feed and chicken fed with organic diet on BMI and weight gain in Sprague Dawley rats. Study Design: A randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration of Study: Multi-Disciplinary Laboratory of Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, and collaborated with Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad from November 2017 to April 2019. Methodology: Ninety male early weaned Sprague Dawley rats were arbitrarily assorted into three groups (n=30). Group I control rats were nourished on standard pelleted diet. Group II rats were nourished with organic chicken meat along with their standard pelleted diet. Group III rats were nourished with broiler chicken meat along with their standard pelleted diet. BMI and weight gain were estimated. All variables were calculated as Mean ± SD values. One-way ANOVA was applied to determine the significance among groups followed by Tuckey’s HSD post hoc test. p value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The current study demonstrated significant increase in BMI (p ≤ 0.001) and weight gain (p ≤ 0.001) in both experimental groups as compared to control group. Conclusion: Based on the findings of our study we propose that broiler chicken meat consumption could be the probable cause of weight imbalances and out of proportion gain of weight and growth in experimental rats.

scholarly journals Effect of Chronic Exposure to Dexamethasone on Rocuronium-induced Neuromuscular Blockade and Sugammadex Reversal: an in Vivo Study on Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Yeon Park ◽  
Heyran Choi ◽  
Yong Beom Kim ◽  
Seok Kyeong Oh ◽  
Taehoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Blockade ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Dexamethasone Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Train Of Four

Abstract Background: Chronic exposure to glucocorticoids is associated with resistance to nondepolarising neuromuscular blocking agents. Therefore, we hypothesised that sugammadex-induced recovery in subjects with chronic exposure to dexamethasone was faster than that in subjects without dexamethasone exposure. Objective: To evaluate the recovery profile of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade after sugammadex administration in rats. Design: An in vivo study on rats.Setting: Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Korea, from April 2017 to October 2017.Animals: Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats.Intervention: Sprague–Dawley rats were allocated to three groups (dexamethasone group, control group, and pair-fed group) for the in vivo study. Dexamethasone group received daily intraperitoneal injections of dexamethasone 500 μg kg-1 or 0.9% saline for 15 days. On the sixteenth day, 3.5 mg kg-1 of rocuronium was administered to achieve complete neuromuscular blockade. Main outcome measures: The recovery time to a train-of-four ratio Results: There were no significant differences in the recovery time to train-of-four ratio to 0.9 among the groups (P = 0.531). The time to second twitch of train-of-four recovery that indicated the duration of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade was significantly shorter in Group D than in Groups C and P (P = 0.001). Conclusion: As previously reported, resistance to rocuronium was observed in rats with chronic exposure to dexamethasone. However, the neuromuscular recovery time after sugammadex administration was not significantly different between groups.

scholarly journals Feeding the Outer Bran Fraction of Rice Alters Hepatic Carbohydrate Metabolism in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
Mana Kawaguchi ◽  
Nao Nishikoba ◽  
Saki Shimamoto ◽  
Shozo Tomonaga ◽  
Rukana Kohrogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Genes Encoding

Dietary intake of fiber-rich food has been reported to contribute to multiple health benefits. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effects of a diet containing the outer bran fraction of rice (OBFR), which is rich in insoluble fiber, on the intestinal environment and metabolite profiles of rats. Fourteen 8-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into a control group and an OBFR group. For a period of 21 days, the control group was fed a control diet, while the OBFR group was fed a diet containing 5% OBFR. Metabolomics analysis revealed drastic changes in the cecal metabolites of the rats fed the OBFR diet. Furthermore, in the plasma and liver tissue, the concentrations of metabolites involved in pyruvate metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, gluconeogenesis, or valine, leucine, isoleucine degradation were changed. Concordantly, the OBFR diet increased the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in these metabolic pathways in the livers of the rats. Collectively, these results suggest that the OBFR diet altered the concentrations of metabolites in the cecal contents, plasma, and liver, and the hepatic gene expressions of rats, and that this may have mainly contributed to carbohydrate metabolism in the liver.

scholarly journals Feeding a Bioactive Oil Enriched in Stearidonic Acid during Early Life Influences Immune System Maturation in Neonatal Sprague-Dawley Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 606-615
Author(s):  
Dhruvesh Patel ◽  
Susan Goruk ◽  
Marnie Newell ◽  
Guanqun Chen ◽  
Caroline Richard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Stearidonic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Th Cells ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

ABSTRACT Background Long-chain n–3 PUFAs (LCPUFAs) improve immune development and reduce atopic disease risk in infants. Stearidonic acid (SDA) can be a substrate for biosynthesis of n–3 LCPUFAs. Objective We aimed to determine the effect of feeding an SDA-enriched diet during suckling and weaning on offspring immunity and ability to develop oral tolerance (OT). Methods Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to consume either SDA (3 g SDA/100 g fat) or a control (no SDA) diet, 5 d before parturition and through lactation (21 d). For the OT treatment, 10-d-old pups were fed ovalbumin (Ova; 200 μL of 8 mg/mL) or placebo daily for 5 d. At 21 d, pups (both sexes) were weaned to their respective maternal diet until 6 wk of age or killed. Systemic immunization was induced using Ova (in 3-wk-old pups) or Ova + adjuvant (in 6-wk-old pups). The effect of suckling diet (in 3-wk-old pups) or weaning diet (in 6-wk-old pups) and OT treatment on immune function (main outcome) in spleen and blood was compared using 2-factor ANOVA. Results An SDA-enriched maternal diet, compared with the control diet, resulted in higher plasma phospholipid (PL) EPA (15 times higher), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; 3 times higher), and DHA (1.3 times higher) content in 3-wk-old pups, accompanied by higher B-cell function [plasma ovalbumin-specific IgG1 (Ova-IgG1), 2 times higher] ( P &lt; 0.05). Compared with pups fed a control diet, the splenocytes from these pups had more (23%) helper T (Th) cells (CD3+CD4+) and activated (12%) Th cells (CD4+CD28+) (P &lt; 0.02) than controls. At 6 wk, the SDA group had 30% more CD4+CD25+ splenocytes, and when stimulated ex vivo with LPS, produced less inflammatory IL-6 (50%) and TNF-α (30%) and more immunoregulatory IL-10 (45%) cytokines (P &lt; 0.05) than the control group. The Ova-exposed group had less (30%) plasma Ova-IgG1 than the placebo group. Splenocytes and plasma PLs from the 6-wk-old SDA group had more EPA (2x) and DPA (3.5x) (P &lt; 0.05), but not DHA, than the control group. Conclusions Feeding SDA during lactation and weaning altered immune responses in directions believed to be beneficial.

The effect of intake of lamb meat on energy metabolism of Sprague-Dawley rats: possible role of carnitine

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 886
Author(s):  
Xian-Chao Feng ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Su Zhuang ◽  
Xing-Lian Xu ◽  
Guang-Hong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Creatine Phosphate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Lamb Meat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Cpt I

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether carnitine was responsible for the increased energy metabolism observed in Sprague-Dawley rats following inclusion of lamb meat in their diet. This was tested by feeding one of the following three diets: a control diet (control) based on a standard formulation (AIN-93G), a carnitine-supplemented control diet (CD) and a lamb meat diet (LD). All diets were isocaloric (15.46 kJ/g DM) and contained 18.3% protein, 7.1% fat and 58.3% carbohydrate. The carnitine concentrations in the control diet, CD and LD were 29, 984 and 953 mg/kg, respectively. The expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I(CPT-I)α and CTP-Iβ genes, Na,K-ATPase activities and the contents of fat, ATP and creatine phosphate (Cr.P) in liver and skeletal muscle tissues were measured on Days 7 and 14. Bodyweights, bodyweight gains and oxygen consumption rates (OCR) of rats were also measured. The rats fed the LD had higher OCR, ATP and Cr.P concentrations, expressions of CPT-I gene, Na,K-ATPase activities, and lower fat contents, bodyweights and bodyweight gains (P < 0.05) than did the control-group rats. However, rats fed the CD were not significantly different from those fed the control diet, except for the higher CPT-Iα expression, ATP concentrations and lower fat contents in liver (P < 0.05). We conclude that carnitine intake from lamb was not the main factor accounting for the significant effects of lamb consumption on energy metabolism. However, it is likely that carnitine intake by consumption of lamb meat in the LD partly contributed to lowering fat contents in liver, compared with the CD and the control diet groups.

scholarly journals Chronic exposure to ultrasonic frequencies results in selective increase of aggression level in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 486 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-755
Author(s):  
A. V. Gorlova ◽  
D. P. Pavlov ◽  
V. M. Ushakova ◽  
E. A. Zubkov ◽  
A. Y. Morozova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Aggression Level ◽  
Selective Increase

We studied aggression in male Sprague-Dawley rats in a model of a depressive-like state induced by unpredictable treatment with ultrasonic waves with the frequencies of 20-45 kHz for 1, 2 or 3 weeks. We did not find any increase in the number of animals exhibiting aggression in the “Resident- intruder” test after the treatment of any chosen duration. However, the aggressive animals exposed to ultrasound exhibited increased number of attacks and their total duration as well as decreased latency of the first attack compared to the respective scores in the animals of the control group. Taking this into account, we suggest that the initial level of aggression increases in a model of ultrasonic chronic stress.

scholarly journals Ficus septica Burm. F. Leaves Ethanolic Extract Induces Apoptosis in 7,12-Dimethylbenz[A]Nthracene-Induced Rat Liver Cancer Quatitavely

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dita Brenna Septhea ◽  
Anindyajati Anindyajati ◽  
Andita Pra Darma ◽  
Ika Nurzijah ◽  
Agung Endro Nugroho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

The chemopreventive effect of Ficus septica Burm. f. leaves ethanolic extract (FLEE) was studied in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]nthracene(DMBA)-induced rat liver cancer. Rats were divided into 5 group, 5 rats (5 wk of age Sprague Dawley rat) in each group. Group 1 was control diet group, administered with 0,5% CMC-Na as vehicle. FLEE was administered 750 mg/kgBW and 1500 mg/kgBW starting 4 wk until 5 wk after DMBA administration at the first until fifth wk to group 2 and group 3. Group 4 was control extract group, administered  with 750 mg/kgBW and group 5 was DMBA group. DMBA is a carcinogen to induce liver cancer was also administered in DMBA control group and all animals were necropsied at 6 wk after DMBA administration. Activity of inducing apoptosis was detected using Double Staining method in 750 mg/kgBW FLEE group compared to control group but no in 1500 mg/kgBW FLEE group resulted in 100% dead. Apoptotic cells would have orange flourescence but normal cells would have green flourescence detected by flourescence microscope. To investigate the protein that involved in apoptotic mechanism, we studied p53 expression using Imunohistochemistry (IHC). There was no difference expression of p53 in both tested and control groups. Based on the results, FLEE has a potency as chemoprentive agent because its activity on inducing apoptosis in liver cancer with p53-independent pathway. The mechanism of apoptosis induction of this extract needs to be explored by observing the expression of related proteins.Keywords: apoptosis, Ficus septica, liver cancer, p53 independent pathway

scholarly journals Skeletal Muscle Metabolomic Responses to Endurance and Resistance Training in Rats under Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1645
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Liu ◽  
Xiong Xue ◽  
Junsheng Tian ◽  
Xuemei Qin ◽  
Shi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The objectives of this study were to compare the antidepressant effects between endurance and resistance exercise for optimizing interventions and examine the metabolomic changes in different types of skeletal muscles in response to the exercise, using a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression. There were 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into a control group (C) and 3 experimental groups: CUMS control (D), endurance exercise (E), and resistance exercise (R). Group E underwent 30 min treadmill running, and group R performed 8 rounds of ladder climbing, 5 sessions per week for 4 weeks. Body weight, sucrose preference, and open field tests were performed pre and post the intervention period for changes in depressant symptoms, and the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were sampled after the intervention for metabolomic analysis using the 1H-NMR technique. The results showed that both types of exercise effectively improved the depression-like symptoms, and the endurance exercise appeared to have a better effect. The levels of 10 metabolites from the gastrocnemius and 13 metabolites from the soleus of group D were found to be significantly different from that of group C, and both types of exercise had a callback effect on these metabolites, indicating that a number of metabolic pathways were involved in the depression and responded to the exercise interventions.

scholarly journals Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) induces apoptosis of colonic mucosa in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-treated rats: a possible mechanism of the anticarcinogenic effect by CLA

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun S. Park ◽  
Ji H. Ryu ◽  
Yeong L. Ha ◽  
Jung H. Y. Park
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tumour Incidence ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid

One of the objectives of the present study was to investigate whether 1 % conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in the diet reduced tumour incidence in the colon of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-treated rats. Colon cancer was induced by injecting 6-week-old, male, Sprague–Dawley rats with 15 mg/kg DMH twice per week for 6 weeks. They were fed either 1 % CLA or a control diet ad libitum for 30 weeks. Dietary CLA significantly decreased colon tumour incidence (P<0·05). Our second objective was to investigate whether apoptosis in the colon mucosa of DMH-treated rats was affected by the amount of dietary CLA and whether the changes in apoptosis were related to those in fatty acid-responsive biomarkers. For this purpose, rats were killed after being fed a diet containing 0 %, 0·5 %, 1 % or 1·5 % CLA for 14 weeks. CLA was undetected in the mucosa of rats fed the 0 % CLA diet and increased to 5·9 mg/g phospholipid in rats fed the 0·5 % diet. The apoptotic index estimated by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick and labelling technique was increased by 251 % and the 1,2-diacylglycerol content was decreased by 57 % in rats fed 0·5 % CLA. No further changes in these variables were observed when CLA in the diet was raised to 1·0 % or 1·5 %. However, dietary CLA decreased mucosal levels of prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2 and arachidonic acid in a dose-dependent manner. The present data indicate that dietary CLA can inhibit DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis by mechanisms probably involving increased apoptosis.

Ranitidine as an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor in acute methanol toxicity in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal A El-Bakary ◽  
Sahar A El-Dakrory ◽  
Sohayla M Attalla ◽  
Nawal A Hasanein ◽  
Hala A Malek
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Methanol Poisoning ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Methanol poisoning is a hazardous intoxication characterized by visual impairment and formic acidemia. The therapy for methanol poisoning is alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitors to prevent formate accumulation. Ranitidine has been considered to be an inhibitor of both gastric alcohol and hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes. This study aimed at testing ranitidine as an antidote for methanol acute toxicity and comparing it with ethanol and 4-methyl pyrazole (4-MP). This study was conducted on 48 Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into 6 groups, with 8 rats in each group (one negative control group [C1], two positive control groups [C2, C3] and three test groups [1, 2 and 3]). C2, C3 and all test groups were exposed to nitrous oxide by inhalation, then, C3 group was given methanol (3 g/kg orally). The three test groups 1, 2 and 3 were given ethanol (0.5 g/kg orally), 4-MP (15 mg/kg intraperitoneally) and ranitidine (30 mg/kg intraperitoneally), respectively, 4 hours after giving methanol. Rats were sacrificed and heparinized, cardiac blood samples were collected for blood pH and bicarbonate. Non-heparinized blood samples were collected for formate levels by high performance liquid chromatography. Eye balls were enucleated for histological examination of the retina. Ranitidine corrected metabolic acidosis (p = .025), decreased formate levels (p = .014) and improved the histological findings in the retina induced by acute methanol toxicity.

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