scholarly journals Transmission of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) by semen and viral distribution in different piglet tissues

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Gava ◽  
Eraldo L. Zanella ◽  
Nelson Morés ◽  
Janice R. Ciacci-Zanella
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2 ◽  
Boar Semen

Porcine circovirus infections are caused by the porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2). Among six different clinical manifestations involving respiratory, enteric, nervous and reproductive signs, the postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) is the most important and studied disease. However, reproductive failures associated with PCV2 have been increasingly reported. Some studies have shown the possible contamination of sows by semen of PCV2 positive boars. In order to investigate the transmission of PCV2 by contaminated semen and its ability to infect the sow and piglets, 20 PCV2 negative sows were inseminated, 10 with negative boar semen and 10 with previously nested-PCR tested positive boar semen. The sows were weekly monitored and blood samples were collected. Based on the results, 4 out 20 sows were selected (1 sow was PCR negative and inseminated with a negative semen, 2 sows were PCR negative and inseminated with a positive semen and 1 sow was PCR negative and inseminated with a positive semen, but became PCR positive around the 30 days of pregnancy). After weaning, 12 male piglets, 3 of each sow, were selected and maintained under isolation. In order to investigate which organs harbored the virus, the young pigs were necropsied around 9 months of age. Samples of serum collected monthly were tested by immunocitochemistry (ICC), and all 12 pigs serum converted. Samples of lymphoid, systemic and reproductive organs were analyzed by nested-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Evaluation of the samples by nested-PCR, revealed that several tissues were positive in 10 of 12 pigs, mainly the lymph nodes, bone marrow and spleen. Various samples were positive by IHC in 8 of 12 piglets, being the lymph nodes, tonsils and bulbourethral glands the most frequently positive. Thus, the results of testing different samples, in the 3 tests (ICC, nested-PCR and IHC) were complementary. These results show that PCV2 transmission through semen to the sows and piglets may occur and may also represent a potential risk for the herd.

Distribution of porcine circovirus 2 cap antigen in the lymphoid tissue of pigs affected by postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsolt Becskei ◽  
Sanja Aleksić-Kovačević ◽  
Miklós Rusvai ◽  
Gyula Balka ◽  
Csaba Jakab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Lymphatic Tissue ◽  
Lymphocyte Depletion ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2

The lymphatic organs of 50 pigs from a total of eight farms located at different sites in the epizootiological region of North Bačka County were studied to obtain data on the prevalence of circoviral infections in Serbia. All of the pigs examined had clinical signs suggestive of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). All pigs underwent necropsy and tissue samples were taken for histopathological, immunohistochemical (IHC) and PCR analysis. The presence of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) was established by PCR analysis in the organs of the pigs tested. The most frequent histopathological lesions of lymphoid tissue linked with the presence of positive immunostaining for PCV2 Cap antigen confirmed the existence of PMWS in all farms tested in North Bačka County. Using PCR, histopathological and IHC techniques, the presence of PMWS was proved in the Republic of Serbia. During necropsy, generalised enlargement of the lymph nodes was evident. The most common histopathological finding was lymphocyte depletion in the follicular and perifollicular areas of lymph nodes. Infiltration by macrophages was also recorded. By IHC analysis, the cytoplasm of macrophages was shown to contain a large amount of the ORF2-coded Cap antigen of PCV2. Lymphocyte depletion and large numbers of macrophages were recorded in the tonsils, spleen, intestinal lymphatic tissue, Peyer’s patches and ileocaecal valve. The presence of typical granulomatous lesions with multinuclear giant cells (MGCs) was also recorded in the lymphatic tissue. Cap antigen was shown to be present in macrophages and less often in lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Porcine Circovirus 2–Associated Disease in Eurasian Wild Boar

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ellis ◽  
Maria Spinato ◽  
Choon Yong ◽  
Keith West ◽  
Francis McNeilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2 ◽  
Multisystemic Disease ◽  
Affected Tissue ◽  
Pcv2 Isolate ◽  
Domestic Swine

Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) was first identified in high-health herds of domestic swine and was associated with a debilitating disease called postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Most subsequent studies have indicated that PCV2 infects only swine but there is little information on porcids other than improved breeds of domestic swine. Multisystemic disease was reported in a group of Eurasian wild boars raised under free-range conditions. Affected young pigs had pneumonia and enteritis and were cachectic. Porcine circovirus 2 was identified in affected tissue by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, and a PCV2-like virus was isolated from pooled organs. The open reading frame (ORF2) of the isolated PCV2 had a 98.7% homology with the ORF2 of a reference PCV2 isolate. These diagnostic data indicate that PCV2 can infect and cause disease in Sus scrofa subspecies other than domestic swine.

scholarly journals Nucleotide Sequence of Porcine Circovirus Associated with Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome in Pigs

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 5262-5267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre L. Hamel ◽  
Lihua L. Lin ◽  
Gopi P. S. Nayar
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Nonpathogenic Strain ◽  
Degree Of Association ◽  
High Degree

ABSTRACT This article describes the nucleotide sequence of a porcine circovirus (PCV) which possesses a high degree of association with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), a newly described disease of young pigs. The DNA sequence of this PMWS-associated PCV (pmws PCV) has 68% homology with that of a previously published nonpathogenic strain of PCV. The strains appear to be closely related yet distinct from one another.

scholarly journals Intestinal lesions in pigs affected with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Zlotowski ◽  
André M.R. Corrêa ◽  
David E.S.N. Barcellos ◽  
Cláudio E.F. Cruz ◽  
William Asanome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Intestinal Lesions

Samples of mesenteric lymph nodes and intestines from 79 unthrifty 3- to 5-month-old postweaning pigs, confirmed as naturally affected with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), were studied. Pigs originated from 12 farms in southern Brazil and were selected on the basis of clinical signs and/or gross lesions suggestive of enteric disorder. Lymphohistiocytic infiltrates of varying intensity were associated with anti-porcine circovirus type 2 (anti-PCV2) immunostaining (IS) in samples of intestines and mesenteric lymph nodes from all pigs. Although most findings were similar to those described in PCV2-associated enteritis, anti-PCV2 IS in association with depletion of the goblet cell mucin stores (24 pigs), diffuse ileal villous atrophy and fusion (18 pigs), and dilatation of the lymphatic vessels (11 pigs) combined or not with lymphangitis were also observed. PCV2 antigen was immunohistochemically demonstrated in the cytoplasm and nuclei from intralesional epithelial cells, histiocytes, and endothelial-like cells in intestinal tissues. Together these findings imply an association with PCV2. The presence of co-infections by Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira spp., Mycobacterium spp., Salmonella spp., rotavirus, parvovirus, coronavirus and enteric calicivirus with PCV2 in the intestinal lesions was investigated.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Porcine Circovirus-2 in Domestic Pigs (Sus Scrofa Domestica) in Latvia

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-289
Author(s):  
Inga Pigiņka-Vjačeslavova ◽  
Edīte Birģele ◽  
Žanete Šteingolde
Keyword(s):  
Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Domestic Pig ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2 ◽  
Sus Scrofa Domestica ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Primary Agent

Abstract Porcine circovirus-2 (PCV2) is the primary agent of Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS), and is associated with Porcine Circovirus Associated Disease, which causes great economic losses in pig breeding. PCV2 infection is distributed worldwide throughout the domestic pig population. There have not been any investigations on the distribution of PCV2 sero-prevalence in the population of pigs in Latvia. However PCV2 is one of main differential infections for many diseases, and therefore it is very variable in clinical presentation of PMWS and other diseases associated with PCV2. The objective of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of PCV2 in pigs of different-scale farms located in different regions of Latvia. Blood samples of 963 pigs from 58 different-scale farms were examined for the PCV2 antibody from 2006 to 2016. It can be suggested that PCV2 is widespread within the territory of Latvia. Farms with pig number of up to 10 and farms with more than 5000 animals have different levels of biosafety, housing conditions and herd management. Nevertheless, the study showed that the number of PCV2-seropositive animals is similar in all farms (from 70.0% to 79.7%).

scholarly journals Porcine Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome in Korean Pig: Detection of Porcine Circovirus 2 Infection by Immunohistochemistry and Polymerase Chain Reaction

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changsun Choi ◽  
Chanhee Chae ◽  
Edward G. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Polymerase Chain

This report describes the first diagnosis of porcine circovirus (PCV) infection in weaned pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in Korea by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction. The most unique lesions were multifocal granulomatous inflammation affecting lymph nodes, liver, and spleen, characterized by infiltrates of epithelioid macrophages and multinucleated giant cells. Circoviral antigen was detected in formalin-fixed sections and was usually present in large, round, dendritic cells in the white pulp of spleen and remnants of follicles in lymph nodes. Lymphoid follicles in the tonsils also contained PCV antigen. A 530–bp DNA fragment of circovirus was successfully amplified from all tested lymph nodes, liver, and spleen.

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