scholarly journals Stereological study of the elastic fiber and smooth muscle cell system in the bovine and buffalo penis

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilma C.A. Ribeiro ◽  
Marcelo Abidu-Figueiredo ◽  
Fabíola B. Costa ◽  
Marco A. Pereira-Sampaio ◽  
Maurício A. Chagas
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Elastic System ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Corpus Cavernosum ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Corpus Spongiosum ◽  
Significant Difference

Samples of ten penises of Mediterranean buffaloes and ten penises of Red Sindhi cattle were used. The thickness of the tunica albuginea (TA), distribution of smooth muscle cells (SMC) and volume density (Vv) of elastic system fibers in TA, corpus cavernosum (CC) and corpus spongiosum (CS) were evaluated. The Vv of elastic system fibers in buffalo and bovine penis was respectively 4.07% ±0.88% and 3.36% ±1.21% in TA; 17.32% ±2.21% and 13.14% ±1.27% (CC), 26.58% ±4.31% and 31.36% ±3.67% (CS). The CC of buffalo presented higher Vv of elastic fibers than bovine, while in the CS the Vv of elastic fibers in buffaloes was smaller than in cattle. The TA thickness showed a significant difference among the species studied. The arrangement of SMC in the bovine penises and in the water buffalo suggests that this pattern is common to animals that have fibroelastic penises.

scholarly journals Morphological analysis of the elastic and collagen fibers in the ram penis

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2159-2165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Cesar Schimming ◽  
Gustavo N. Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Sigmoid Flexure ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Corpus Cavernosum ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Corpus Spongiosum ◽  
Domestic Ruminants

ABSTRACT: The penis represents the organ of the male’s copulation. It is essential to know the reproductive biology and the morphology of the reproductive organs to increase animal production. In order to contribute to this knowledge and provides information on the ram reproductive morphology, the purpose of this work was to describe the distribution, based on light microscopy, of the collagen and elastic fibers in the ram penis. For that, were collected transverse fragments of the penis (root, sigmoid flexure, body and glans) of seven rams. The specimens were fixed in paraformaldehyde for 24h and destined for the histological routine. The extracellular matrix of the ram penis was composed of collagen and elastic fibers. The penis was enveloped by the tunica albuginea, consisting essentially of collagen fibers, which were arranged in two layers: an outer longitudinal and an inner circular. This tunic emitted septa that penetrated the corpus cavernosum. The elastic fibers appeared transversely and longitudinally in the corpus cavernosum, corpus spongiosum, and next to the neurovascular bundle of the penis. This structure was not different to that reported for other domestic ruminants such as cattle and buffaloes.

Effects of castration on penile extracellular matrix morphology in domestic cats

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1261-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia CS Borges ◽  
Marco A Pereira-Sampaio ◽  
Vivian Alves Pereira ◽  
Marcelo Abidu-Figueiredo ◽  
Maurício Alves Chagas
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Corpus Cavernosum ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Corpus Spongiosum ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Luminal Area ◽  
Matrix Morphology ◽  
Student’S T

Objectives This study was undertaken to verify the possible modifications caused by hormonal deprivation in the extracellular matrix in the penises of neutered cats. Methods Twenty-seven penises from domestic shorthair cats were collected: 14 samples from intact cats and 13 from neutered cats. Sections were stained with Weigert’s resorcin-fuchsin, hematoxylin and eosin, and picrosirius red. Histomorphometric analysis was performed using light microscopy and image analysis software. The following parameters were analyzed: density of the elastic fibers and collagen fibers in the corpus spongiosum; density of the elastic fibers in the tunica albuginea of the corpus cavernosum and the tunica albuginea of the corpus spongiosum; luminal area of the urethra; area of the corpus spongiosum; area of the corpus cavernosum; and thickness of the urethral epithelium. The data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk test to verify the normal distribution, and groups were compared using Student’s t-test; P <0.05 indicated statistically significant differences. Results Significant differences were observed between intact cats and neutered cats in the density of elastic fibers in the tunica albuginea of the corpus cavernosum (8.13% ± 1.38% vs 3.11% ± 0.66%), tunica albuginea of the corpus spongiosum (4.37% ± 1.08% vs 3.30% ± 1.01%) and corpus spongiosum (6.28% ± 3.03% vs 4.10% ± 2.19%), and density of collagen fibers in the corpus spongiosum (34.11% ± 10.86% vs 44.21% ± 12.72%). Conclusions and relevance The results show a significant decrease in the density of the elastic fibers and a significant increase of the density of the collagen fibers in the corpus spongiosum in neutered animals. This suggests that the compliance of the periurethral region is reduced, and these changes could be a predisposing factor for urethral obstructive disease.

scholarly journals Concentration of elastic system fibers in the corpus cavernosum, corpus spongiosum, and tunica albuginea in the rabbit penis

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
R S Maia ◽  
M A Babinski ◽  
M A Figueiredo ◽  
M A Chagas ◽  
W S Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic System ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Corpus Cavernosum ◽  
Corpus Spongiosum

scholarly journals Effects of Vitamin D Restricted Diet Administered during Perinatal and Postnatal Periods on the Penis of Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Fernandes-Lima ◽  
Bianca M. Gregório ◽  
Fernanda A. M. Nascimento ◽  
Waldemar S. Costa ◽  
Carla B. M. Gallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Corpus Cavernosum ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Corpus Spongiosum ◽  
Histomorphometric Analysis ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional

Vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnant women and infants. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D restricted diet on the Wistar rats offspring penis morphology. Mother rats received either standard diet (SC) or vitamin D restricted (VitD) diet. At birth, offspring were divided into SC/SC (from SC mothers, fed with SC diet) and VitD/VitD (from VitD mothers, fed with VitD diet). After euthanasia the penises were processed for histomorphometric analysis. The VitD/VitD offspring displayed metabolic changes and reduction in the cross-sectional area of the penis, corpus cavernosum, tunica albuginea, and increased area of the corpus spongiosum. The connective tissue, smooth muscle, and cell proliferation percentages were greater in the corpus cavernosum and corpus spongiosum in the VitD/VitD offspring. The percentages of sinusoidal spaces and elastic fibers in the corpus cavernosum decreased. The elastic fibers in the tunica albuginea of the corpus spongiosum in the VitD/VitD offspring were reduced. Vitamin D restriction during perinatal and postnatal periods induced metabolic and structural changes and represented important risk factors for erectile dysfunction in the penis of the adult offspring. These findings suggest that vitamin D is an important micronutrient in maintaining the cytoarchitecture of the penis.

Elastic fiber system evaluated in the digestive organ of rats

Microscopy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouji Inoue ◽  
Noriyuki Kuroda ◽  
Tetsuji Sato
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Elastic System ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Tissue Elasticity ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Tissue Resistance ◽  
Oxytalan Fibers

Abstract According to our previous reports, the intraperiodontal elastic fiber system comprises oxytalan fibers, whereas all types of elastic system fibers are present in the gingiva. Much remains to be elucidated regarding the topographic development of the elastic fiber system that constitutes the walls of the digestive organs. This study aimed to examine the topographic development of the elastic fiber system in the periodontal tissue, oral cavity and digestive tract of rats at light- and electron microscopic levels. At embryonic day 20, in situ hybridization revealed the mRNA expression of tropoelastin in the putative gingival lamina propria but not in the dental follicle. At the postnatal stage, the masticatory mucous membrane of the gingiva and hard palate comprised three different types of elastic system fibers (oxytalan, elaunin and elastic fibers). Conversely, the elastic fiber system comprised elaunin and elastic fibers in other oral mucosae and the lining mucosae of digestive tract organs (the esophagus, stomach and small intestine). The findings of our study suggest that the elastic fiber system is mainly related to tissue resistance in the periodontal ligament and tissue elasticity in the oral mucosae without masticatory mucosae and the overlying mucosa of digestive tracts and both functions in the gingiva and hard palate, respectively. The appearance of elaunin fibers in the periodontium of rats aged 14 weeks suggests the expression of tropoelastin induced by mechanical stressors such as mastication. The intraperiodontal difference in the distribution of elaunin fibers suggests heterogeneity among fibroblasts constituting the periodontium.

scholarly journals Effects of chronic l-NAME treatment lung tissue mechanics, eosinophilic and extracellular matrix responses induced by chronic pulmonary inflammation

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (6) ◽  
pp. L1197-L1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Angeli ◽  
Carla M. Prado ◽  
Débora G. Xisto ◽  
Pedro L. Silva ◽  
Caroline P. Pássaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Tissue Mechanics ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Distal Lung ◽  
Alveolar Septa

The importance of lung tissue in asthma pathophysiology has been recently recognized. Although nitric oxide mediates smooth muscle tonus control in airways, its effects on lung tissue responsiveness have not been investigated previously. We hypothesized that chronic nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition by Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) may modulate lung tissue mechanics and eosinophil and extracellular matrix remodeling in guinea pigs with chronic pulmonary inflammation. Animals were submitted to seven saline or ovalbumin exposures with increasing doses (1∼5 mg/ml for 4 wk) and treated or not with l-NAME in drinking water. After the seventh inhalation (72 h), animals were anesthetized and exsanguinated, and oscillatory mechanics of lung tissue strips were performed in baseline condition and after ovalbumin challenge (0.1%). Using morphometry, we assessed the density of eosinophils, neuronal NOS (nNOS)- and inducible NOS (iNOS)-positive distal lung cells, smooth muscle cells, as well as collagen and elastic fibers in lung tissue. Ovalbumin-exposed animals had an increase in baseline and maximal tissue resistance and elastance, eosinophil density, nNOS- and iNOS-positive cells, the amount of collagen and elastic fibers, and isoprostane-8-PGF2α expression in the alveolar septa compared with controls ( P < 0.05). l-NAME treatment in ovalbumin-exposed animals attenuated lung tissue mechanical responses ( P < 0.01), nNOS- and iNOS-positive cells, elastic fiber content ( P < 0.001), and isoprostane-8-PGF2α in the alveolar septa ( P < 0.001). However, this treatment did not affect the total number of eosinophils and collagen deposition. These data suggest that NO contributes to distal lung parenchyma constriction and to elastic fiber deposition in this model. One possibility may be related to the effects of NO activating the oxidative stress pathway.

ORGANIZATION AND RELATIVE CONTENT OF SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, COLLAGEN AND ELASTIC FIBERS IN THE CORPUS CAVERNOSUM OF RAT PENIS

2000 ◽  
Vol 164 (5) ◽  
pp. 1802-1806 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA C.A.D. PINHEIRO ◽  
WALDEMAR S. COSTA ◽  
LUIS E.M. CARDOSO ◽  
FRANCISCO J.B. SAMPAIO
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Corpus Cavernosum ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Elastic Fibers

scholarly journals Role of estrogen in induction of penile dysmorphogenesis: a review

Reproduction ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
H O Goyal ◽  
T D Braden ◽  
C S Williams ◽  
J W Williams
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Corpus Cavernosum ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Α ◽  
Corpus Spongiosum ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Critical Window ◽  
Estrogen Exposure

In this review, we report permanent dysmorphogenesis of the penis and loss of fertility in adult rats treated neonatally with estrogen. Specifically, we report replacement of smooth muscle cells and cavernous spaces by fat cells in the corpus cavernosum penis, but not in the adjoining corpus spongiosum. Induction of these novel, region-specific phenotypes is dose-dependent, requires a critical window of exposure and associated with decreased testosterone and up-regulation of estrogen receptor α (ERα). The resistance of ERα knockout mice to develop these abnormalities implies an unequivocal role for ERα in mediating maldevelopment of the penis. Additionally, the prevention of estrogen-inducible penile abnormalities by ER antagonist ICI 182 780 implies that a functional ER-mediated pathway is essential for inducing penile abnormalities. Likewise, the ability of testosterone or dihydrotestosterone to negate these abnormalities suggests a role for an androgen receptor (AR)-mediated pathway. Taken together, these observations led us to hypothesize that neonatal estrogen exposure, via an ER-mediated pathway (direct action) or an AR-mediated pathway (indirect action through decreased testosterone) or both pathways, up-regulates ERα expression in stromal cells of the penis, which are then reprogrammed such that their differentiation into smooth muscle cells is inhibited and their differentiation into adipocytes is stimulated.

scholarly journals Fracture penis: rare occurrence

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 3747
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Sankalp Dwivedi ◽  
Sagar Bassi ◽  
Sunil Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Corpus Cavernosum ◽  
Penile Curvature ◽  
Corpus Spongiosum ◽  
Penile Fracture ◽  
Immediate Surgery ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Erect Penis

Fracture Penis is not usual. It is a tear in the tunica albuginea of the corpora cavernosa with or without involvement of corpus spongiosum and urethra. The usual cause is abrupt bending of the erect penis by blunt trauma, most commonly during sexual intercourse. A crackling sound, pain, detumescences, bruising, swelling, and bleeding per urethra are the common symptoms reported by the patients. Early surgical management is treatment of choice. Diagnosis of Penile Fracture refers to a rupture of the corpus cavernosum induced by blunt trauma to erect penis. Mainly diagnosed clinically from their stereotypical crackling sound from the erect penis at the moment of injury, rapidly followed by acute swelling, pain and penile deformity. Treatment recommendations include immediate exploration and repair. Surgical repair requires evacuation of hematoma, identification of tear, repair of the tear and ligation of any disrupted vasculature. Long term complications after repair include penile deviation, painful intercourse, painful erection and erectile dysfunction. The diagnosis of penile fracture is mostly clinical. Based on physical examination and typical crackling sound at the time of injury. Prompt surgical exploration and repair are advocated in almost all cases. Immediate surgery reduces long term complication which is post-traumatic penile curvature.

scholarly journals The Effects of Elastic Fiber Protein Insufficiency and Treatment on the Modulus of Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gabriela Espinosa ◽  
William S. Gardner ◽  
Lisa Bennett ◽  
Bradley A. Sather ◽  
Hiromi Yanagisawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Altered Gene Expression ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Fiber Protein ◽  
Altered Gene

Elastic fibers are critical for the mechanical function of the large arteries. Mechanical effects of elastic fiber protein deficiency have been investigated in whole arteries, but not in isolated smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The elastic moduli of SMCs from elastin (Eln-/-) and fibulin-4 (Fbln4-/-) knockout mice were measured using atomic force microscopy. Compared to control SMCs, the modulus of Eln-/- SMCs is reduced by 40%, but is unchanged in Fbln4-/- SMCs. The Eln-/- SMC modulus is rescued by soluble or α elastin treatment. Altered gene expression, specifically of calponin, suggests that SMC phenotypic modulation may be responsible for the modulus changes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document