Milk composition during duodenal infusion of conjugated linoleic acid in dairy goats fed diets with different C18:2/C18:1 ratios

Eight multiparous Holstein cows in mid lactation (average days in milking of 160 ± 40) were used in a replicated 4 by 4 Latin square design, each experimental period lasting 3 weeks, to determine the effects of whole cottonseed (WCS) treatment and dietary crude protein (CP) concentration on the profile of milk fatty acids. Each 3-week experimental period consisted of 2 weeks for ration adaptation followed by 1 week for data collection. The experimental diets consisted of: (1) Control (without WCS), 16% CP; (2) 20% WCS, 16% CP; (3) 20% WCS, 13% CP; and (4) 20% crushed WCS, 13% CP. Minerals and vitamin supplements were the same in all experimental diets. The WCS treatment led to increased DM intake, fat-corrected milk yield, fat concentration, proportion of long-chain fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids and ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids (P < 0.05). Decreased concentration of dietary CP from 16 to 13% (diet 2 compared with diet 3) led to a decrease in both milk yield and milk composition (P < 0.05). WCS crushed in diets with 13% CP (diet 4 compared with diet 3) increased (P < 0.05) the concentration of conjugated linoleic acid in milk fat. The results demonstrated that adding WCS to the diet of lactating cows improves both milk yield and milk fatty acid profile, particularly the proportion of conjugated linoleic acid.

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Corrigendum to: Effects of forage species and feeding systems on rumen fermentation, microbiota and conjugated linoleic acid content in dairy goats

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an18232_co ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (12) ◽

pp. 2288

Author(s):

Saranpong Thongruang ◽

Pramote Paengkoum ◽

Wisitiporn Suksombat ◽

Smerjai Bureenok

Keyword(s):

Linoleic Acid ◽

Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Ruminal Fermentation ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Lactation Stage ◽

Lactating Goats ◽

Forage Species ◽

Total Bacteria ◽

Feeding Systems

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of forage species and feeding systems on ruminal fermentation, microbiota (Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Fibrobacter succinogenes and total bacteria) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentration of milk in dairy goats. Twenty female crossbred Saanen lactating goats (~35 ± 3.0 kg bodyweight) in early to mid-lactation stage were assigned to a 45-day completely randomised-design feeding experiment, with the following four forage (roughage) treatments: cut-and-carry grass (CG), grazing of grass (GG), cut-and-carry leucaena (CL) and grazing of leucaena (GL; n = 5). All animals were given concentrate equivalent to 1.5% of their bodyweight. The grass used in the study was napier Pak Chong 1 grass (Pennisetum purpureum × Pennisetum americanum hybrid). The results showed that irrespective of the type of forage, grazing goats (GG and GL) had a higher (P B. fibrisolvens, F. succinogenes and total bacteria were significantly (P P B. fibrisolvens (involved in the synthesis of milk CLA), resulting in a higher milk yield, and enhances c9, t11 and t10, c12 CLA in goat milk.

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Lactation response of cows to different levels of ruminally inert conjugated linoleic acids under commercial conditions

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/a04-073 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 85 (2) ◽

pp. 231-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Rachel Gervais ◽

Richard Spratt ◽

Martin Léonard ◽

P. Yvan Chouinard

Keyword(s):

Linoleic Acid ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Metabolic Profile ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Dietary Lipids ◽

Calcium Salts ◽

Lactating Cows

Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplements have been shown to reduce milk fat synthesis in dairy cows. A rumen-inert source of CLA is required for commercial feed applications. The conversion of dietary lipids to a calcium salt is considered as a method to counter the extensive hydrogenation of dietary lipids that occurs in the rumen. Our objective was to determine whether feeding calcium salts of CLA under commercial conditions would affect milk production, milk composition and blood metabolic profile. A total of 240 dairy cows from eight farms were blocked according to the calving date, and randomly assigned to four treatments providing CLA at 0, 8, 16 and 32 g d-1. Milk production was recorded and milk was sampled on day 0, 7, 14, 28 and 42 of the feeding period. Blood samples were taken on day 42 from early-lactating cows (< 157 d in milk) to determine the metabolic profile. Milk fat yield was decreased 11, 20 and 28%, and milk fat concentration was reduced 13, 22 and 28% (linear; P < 0.001) when cows received 8, 16 and 32 g d-1 of CLA, respectively. Milk yield, milk protein and blood metabolic parameters were not affected by experimental treatments. Calcium salts of CLA can be used as an effective tool to manage milk fat content on commercial dairy farms. Key words: Conjugated linoleic acid, milk fat, ruminally inert fat

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Short communication: Dietary protein restriction and conjugated linoleic acid supplementation in dairy cows affect milk composition, the cheese-making process, and cheese quality

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.2019-17847 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 103 (9) ◽

pp. 7951-7956

Author(s):

Giovanni Bittante ◽

Claudio Cipolat-Gotet ◽

Stefano Schiavon ◽

Franco Tagliapietra

Keyword(s):

Linoleic Acid ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Short Communication ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Protein Restriction ◽

Acid Supplementation ◽

Cheese Making ◽

Dietary Protein Restriction

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Effects of forage species and feeding systems on rumen fermentation, microbiota and conjugated linoleic acid content in dairy goats

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an18232 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (12) ◽

pp. 2147 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Saranpong Thongruang ◽

Pramote Paengkoum ◽

Wisitiporn Suksombat ◽

Smerjai Bureenok

Keyword(s):

Linoleic Acid ◽

Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Forage Species ◽

Forage Intake ◽

Total Bacteria ◽

Feeding Systems

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of forage species and feeding systems on ruminal fermentation, microbiota (Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Fibrobacter succinogenes and total bacteria) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentration of milk in dairy goats. Twenty female crossbred Saanen lactating goats (~35 ± 3.0 kg bodyweight) in early to mid-lactation stage were assigned to a 45-day completely randomised-design feeding experiment, with the following four forage (roughage) treatments: cut-and-carry grass (CG), grazing of grass (GG), cut-and-carry leucaena (CL) and grazing of leucaena (GL; n = 5). All animals were given concentrate equivalent to 1.5% of their bodyweight. The grass used in the study was napier Pak Chong 1 grass (Pennisetum purpureum × Pennisetum americanum hybrid). The results showed that irrespective of the type of forage, grazing goats (GG and GL) had a higher (P < 0.05) forage intake and, thus, total dry-matter and crude-protein intakes than did those fed indoors (CG and CL). However, the intake of C18:2n6 and particularly of C18:3n3 was generally higher for grass-fed goats than for leucaena-fed goats. Treatments did not exert significant differences on rumen fermentation characteristics. However, the populations of B. fibrisolvens, F. succinogenes and total bacteria were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in grazing goats (GG and GL) than in their counterparts fed with the cut-and-carry system (CG and CL). Goats in the grazing system also had a higher (P < 0.05) milk yield, and milk fat, c9, t11 CLA and omega-3 fatty acid concentrations than did those in the cut-and-carry system and only grazing goats produced detectable levels of t10, c12 CLA in milk. Putting the above together, it can be concluded that allowing dairy goats to outdoor grazing stimulates a higher forage intake, including that of C18:2n6 and C18:3n3, as well as enhancing population of B. fibrisolvens (involved in the synthesis of milk CLA), resulting in a higher milk yield, and enhances c9, t11 and t10, c12 CLA in goat milk.

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