Rat subcutaneous tissue response to modified Portland Cement, a new mineral trioxide aggregate

The purpose of this study was compare the biocompatibility of modified Portland cement (CPM) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in a subcutaneous rat model. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were used. Three silicon tubes were placed on the dorsal subcutaneous tissue of each animal: one tube contained MTA, one tube contained CPM and the other was an empty tube. The rats were sacrificed in 3 groups of 8 animals at 7, 14 and 30 postoperative days, respectively. Tissue samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, and serial sections were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Masson Trichrome and Luna's stain. At day 7, the empty tubes displayed a mild inflammatory infiltrate. In the CPM group, an inflammatory infiltrate was observed with some eosinophils and immature connective tissue. The MTA group showed a similar infiltrate without eosinophils and presence of abundant necrotic tissue and numerous multinucleate foreign body giant cells. At day 14, the chronic infiltrate with eosinophils persisted when in contact with CPM. In the MTA group, necrosis and distant giant cells could still be seen. At day 30, all 3 groups showed mature fibrous collagenous tissue. These findings indicate a different response to the materials evaluated in this study. Although, MTA and CPM induced a chronic inflammatory infiltrate, necrosis and multinucleated foreign body giant cells predominated in the MTA group, while in the CPM group numerous eosinophils were seen at all the observational periods.

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TRAP-Positive Multinucleated Giant Cells Are Foreign Body Giant Cells Rather Than Osteoclasts: Results From a Split-Mouth Study in Humans

Journal of Oral Implantology ◽

10.1563/aaid-joi-d-14-00273 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. e257-e266 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Jonas Lorenz ◽

Alica Kubesch ◽

Tadas Korzinskas ◽

Mike Barbeck ◽

Constantin Landes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Connective Tissue ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Bone Substitute ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Tissue Response ◽

Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽

Bone Substitute Material ◽

Foreign Body Giant Cells ◽

Substitute Material

This study compared the material-specific tissue response to the synthetic, hydroxyapatite-based bone substitute material NanoBone (NB) with that of the xenogeneic, bovine-based bone substitute material Bio-Oss (BO). The sinus cavities of 14 human patients were augmented with NB and BO in a split-mouth design. Six months after augmentation, bone biopsies were extracted for histological and histomorphometric investigation prior to dental implant insertion. The following were evaluated: the cellular inflammatory pattern, the induction of multinucleated giant cells, vascularization, the relative amounts of newly formed bone, connective tissue, and the remaining bone substitute material. NB granules were well integrated in the peri-implant tissue and were surrounded by newly formed bone tissue. Multinucleated giant cells were visible on the surfaces of the remaining granules. BO granules were integrated into the newly formed bone tissue, which originated from active osteoblasts on their surface. Histomorphometric analysis showed a significantly higher number of multinucleated giant cells and blood vessels in the NB group compared to the BO group. No statistical differences were observed in regard to connective tissue, remaining bone substitute, and newly formed bone. The results of this study highlight the different cellular reactions to synthetic and xenogeneic bone substitute materials. The significantly higher number of multinucleated giant cells within the NB implantation bed seems to have no effect on its biodegradation. Accordingly, the multinucleated giant cells observed within the NB implantation bed have characteristics more similar to those of foreign body giant cells than to those of osteoclasts.

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Comparison of the biocompatibility of grey mineral trioxide aggregate and sealapex plus zinc oxide in rat subcutaneous tissue

Clinical and Laboratorial Research in Dentistry ◽

10.11606/issn.2357-8041.clrd.2015.109271 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 136

Author(s):

Waldécio Vita ◽

Mitermayer Galvão Reis ◽

Theo Araujo Santos ◽

Ana Maria Carvalho ◽

Cristina Mota ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Connective Tissue ◽

Granulation Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

Dental Materials ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Tissue Response ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Biocompatibility Testing ◽

Tissue Reactions

ABSTRACT Objectives:The aim of this study was to compare the subcutaneous tissue response to grey mineral trioxide aggregate white Sealapex plus zinc oxide. Methods: Polyethylene tubes filled with tested material were implanted in the connective tissue of rats. Control animals received empty tubes. Tissue samples were collected after 7, 60, and 90 days and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, picrosirius-fast green, and von Kossa stain for morphological analysis. The connective tissue response to the implanted materials was evaluated descriptively and semi-quantitatively by scoring the degree of inflammation, granulation tissue formation, fibrosis, and calcification. Results: Examinations of the grey mineral trioxide aggregate group over time revealed more intense inflammation at 7 days than at 60 days (p <0.05). In the Sealapex plus zinc oxide group, granulation tissue was more abundant at 7 days than at 60 days (p <0.05). Regarding calcification, von Kossa-positive granules were observed in the grey mineral trioxide aggregate and Sealapex plus zinc oxide groups at all time points studied. In the Sealapex/ZnO group, calcification was more apparent at 60 days than at 7 days (p <0.05). Relevance: This study demonstrates that all tested materials promote similar tissue reactions. Descriptors: Biocompatibility Testing, Endodontics, Dental Materials, Retrograde Obturation.

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Biological Tissue Response to a New Formulation of a Silicone Based Endodontic Sealer

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201600719 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 657-663 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Flávia Emi Razera Baldasso ◽

Patrícia Maria Poli Kopper ◽

Renata Dornelles Morgental ◽

Liviu Steier ◽

José Antônio Poli de Figueiredo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Negative Control ◽

Tissue Response ◽

Biological Behavior ◽

Control Group ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

New Formulation ◽

Post Hoc

Abstract Satisfactory biological behavior is a necessary requirement for clinical application of endodontic materials. In this study, the connective tissue responses to silicone (GuttaFlow 2), epoxy resin (AH Plus) and zinc oxide and eugenol (Endofill) based sealers were compared. Twelve Wistar rats had polyethylene tubes (four per animal) containing one of the tested sealers and empty tubes (negative control) implanted in their subcutaneous tissue. The tubes were randomly placed 2 cm from the spine and at least 2 cm apart from one another. Tissue samples with implants were processed for histological analysis after 7 or 60 days (n=6 animals per period). Inflammatory cells, fibrous condensation and abscess were scored according to their intensity. Friedman, followed by Dunn's post hoc, was used to compare sealers. Differences between the two experimental periods were verified using Mann-Witney U test (p<0.05). At 7 days, most of the histological parameters showed no significant differences amongst groups. Endofill group scored higher than the others for giant cells (o<0.05) and promoted a greater number of samples presenting abscess formation. GuttaFlow 2 tended to show a less intense inflammatory infiltrate compared to the other materials. At 60 days, there were no significant differences between groups in most of the histological parameters evaluated. However, it was observed that Endofill scored higher for macrophages (p<0.05) compared to the control group, and GuttaFlow 2 tended to present lower scores than the others for neutrophils and abscess. GuttaFlow 2 showed proper biological behavior and should be considered adequate for clinical practice.

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Soft Tissue Response of the Rabbit Larynx to Gore-Tex Implants

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348940211101105 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 111 (11) ◽

pp. 977-982 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Steve Cashman ◽

C. Blake Simpson ◽

H. Stan McGuff

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Animal Studies ◽

Vocal Folds ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Tissue Response ◽

Histologic Response ◽

Foreign Body Giant Cells ◽

Gentle Traction ◽

Soft Tissue Response ◽

Medialization Laryngoplasty

The use of Gore-Tex (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) for medialization laryngoplasty has recently been described. Clinically, this laryngeal implant has performed well, but no animal studies evaluating the use of this implant in the larynx have been published. This study examines the gross and histologic response of the rabbit larynx to the Gore-Tex implant. Five rabbits underwent bilateral medialization with the Gore Thyroplasty Device. The vocal folds were left innervated and mobile. After 6 months, the rabbits were painlessly sacrificed and the implants were evaluated by gross inspection and histologic examination. No gross changes to the glottis occurred, and the implants were easily removed with gentle traction. A modest inflammatory response with a thin fibrous capsule was present around the implant. Foreign body giant cells were observed at the interface of the implant with the tissue. No migration or extrusion of the implant was observed. These results suggest that Gore-Tex is biocompatible in the rabbit larynx.

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Pulmonary hair embolism in a rescued free-ranging Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in Kinmen, Taiwan

Diseases of Aquatic Organisms ◽

10.3354/dao03532 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 ◽

pp. 55-61

Author(s):

WT Li ◽

YL Chiang ◽

TY Chen ◽

CL Lai

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Traumatic Injury ◽

Lung Parenchyma ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Hair Shaft ◽

Lutra Lutra ◽

Lung Lobe ◽

Eurasian Otter ◽

Foreign Body Giant Cells ◽

Free Ranging

Eurasian otters Lutra lutra are listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List and are imperiled by habitat loss, water pollution, and poaching. Harassment and attacks by stray animals are also recognized threats to the health of wild Eurasian otters. Pulmonary hair embolism is a possible complication in animals with deep traumatic injury, but to date no cases have been reported in wildlife. A free-ranging, adult male Eurasian otter was rescued due to severe emaciation and multiple bite wounds. The otter died 3 d after rescue and was necropsied. Grossly, a 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5 cm firm nodule was observed in the left cranial lung lobe. Histologically, a fragment of hair shaft surrounded by multinucleated foreign body giant cells was observed in a medium-sized vein, and extensive eosinophilic infiltration was noted in the adjacent vascular wall and lung parenchyma. Based on the gross and histological findings, the pulmonary lesion was consistent with eosinophilic pneumonia and vasculitis induced by hair embolism. The presence of well-formed multinucleated foreign body giant cells and eosinophils may imply a late stage of foreign body reaction, and thus the presumptive source of hair embolism is an animal bite. This is the first report of pulmonary hair embolism associated with animal bite in a rescued free-ranging Eurasian otter.

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Comparison of bone wax and chitosan usage on post-sternotomy bone healing

Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals ◽

10.1177/0218492320984097 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 021849232098409

Author(s):

Ihsanul Amal ◽

Heroe Soebroto ◽

Puruhito

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Bone Healing ◽

Postoperative Bleeding ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Operative Field ◽

Inflammatory Reactions ◽

Foreign Body Giant Cells ◽

New Zealand White Rabbits ◽

Affect Bone Healing ◽

Chitosan Powder

Background Sternotomy is a standard approach performed in almost every surgical procedure on the heart and mediastinum. Effective hemostasis of the sternum is required to keep the operative field dry, avoid excessive blood transfusions during surgery, and prevent reoperation due to massive postoperative bleeding, which can further increase morbidity and mortality in patients. Bone wax is a mechanical hemostat commonly used after sternotomy and has been known to affect bone healing, trigger chronic inflammatory reactions, and increase the rate of infection. The application of chitosan, which has intrinsic hemostat ability, as hemostatic material is believed to improve bone healing following sternotomy. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of bone wax and chitosan on bone healing after sternotomy. Methods Median sternotomies were performed on 2 groups of New Zealand White rabbits. Each group of 16 animals received either bone wax or chitosan powder as hemostatic material. The degree of bone healing, the number of foreign-body giant cells, and the number of osteoblasts were evaluated after 6 weeks. Results Radiographs showed that significantly more animals in the chitosan group had total sternal healing ( p = 0.033). Histopathology revealed that the number of foreign-body giant cells was significantly less ( p = 0.036) and the number of osteoblasts was significantly greater ( p < 0.0001) in the group of animals that received chitosan. Conclusion The use of chitosan as hemostatic material can promote better bone healing compared to bone wax.

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