Micoses superficiais na cidade de Manaus, AM, entre março e novembro/2003

FUNDAMENTOS: Micoses superficiais estritas são infecções fúngicas que se localizam nas camadas superficiais da pele e seus anexos. As micoses superficiais cutâneas representadas pelas dermatofitoses e candidíases podem ultrapassar a camada córnea da pele. Na região amazônica possuem incidência elevada. OBJETIVOS: Estudar as micoses superficiais, estritas e cutâneas, diagnosticadas sob o ponto de vista epidemiológico e micológico. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Pacientes com suspeita clínica de micoses superficiais submetidos a exame micológico no período de março a novembro de 2003 no Laboratório de Micologia Médica/CPCS/INPA. RESULTADOS: Foram realizados 394 exames, tendo 256 apresentado diagnóstico positivo. As micoses mais incidentes foram onicomicoses (135) e pitiríase versicolor (98). Malassezia spp. (77) e Candida spp. (72) foram os agentes fúngicos mais isolados. Tinea capitis apresentou maior ocorrência nos pré-escolares (3), e onicomicoses em adultos (94). O sexo feminino foi o mais acometido (91). Todas as classes sociais foram infectadas, com predominância da C (37). CONCLUSÃO: Onicomicoses e pitiríase versicolor acometeram sobretudo adultos. A Tinea capitis ocorre principalmente, em crianças. As micoses superficiais apresentaram mais incidentes nas mulheres. Malassezia spp. e Candida spp. foram os agentes mais isolados.

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Determination of the activity of fungicides against pathogens of dermatomycoses in domestic animals

Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.32718/nvlvet9903 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (99) ◽

pp. 20-23

Author(s):

I. M. Kushnir ◽

V. I. Kushnir ◽

B. V. Gutyj ◽

I. S. Semen ◽

S. D. Murska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Laboratory Diagnosis ◽

Domestic Animals ◽

Chlorhexidine Digluconate ◽

Microscopic Fungi ◽

Fusarium Spp ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Opportunistic Fungi ◽

Highly Active ◽

Malassezia Spp

The aim of the study was to identify and identify the causative agents of dermatomycosis in dogs and cats and to determine their sensitivity to solutions of ketonazole and chlorhexidine digluconate, which are part of the drug Skinhard. This is a spray for external use, manufactured by PJSC “Halychpharm”. For laboratory diagnosis of dermatomycoses, samples from the affected parts of the skin and fur of domestic animals were used. To isolate a pure culture of fungi were sown on selective media: wort agar, agar Saburo, Chapek. The optimal cultivation regime for pathogenic fungi was 20–25 °С. Isolated fungal cultures were identified by the appearance and shape of colonies, their consistency, color, ability to grow at 37 °C, microscopic structure, in particular - the nature of mycelial branching and the presence of septa, location of conidiophores, spores and other signs. A microbiological examination of the affected areas of the skin of dogs and cats was performed to detect microscopic fungi. The following fungi were isolated from dogs affected by mycoses: Candida spp., Aspergillus niger, Epidermophyton spp., Microsporum spp., Mucor spp., Trichophyton spp., Mallasseria spp., Sporotrich spp, Candida albicans, and from cats: Microspor Candida spp., Spototrich spp., Rhizorus spp., Fusarium spp. Trichophyton spp. Isolated microscopic fungi of the genus Malassezia spp. belong to superficial mycoses (keratomycoses) and affect the superficial layers of skin and hair. Epidermatophytes: Trichophyton spp., Epidermophyton spp., Microsporum spp. affect the epidermis, skin and coat. In addition, opportunistic fungi of the genus Aspergillus spp, Mucor spp., Rhizorus spp. and Fusarium spp. Chlorhexidine digluconate was found to be highly active against dermatophytes (Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp.), Less active against fungi of the genus Candida and less active against Aspergillus spp, Mucor spp., Rhizorus spp, Fusarium spp. Ketonazole is highly active against dermatophytes (Trichophyton spp., Epidermophyton spp., Microsporum spp.), Yeast (Malassezia spp., Candida spp.,) And opportunistic fungi (Aspergillus spp., Mucor spp., Rhizorus spp.).

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Evaluation of Fungi Isolated in the Veterinary Microbiology Laboratory in Terms of Human Health

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-1374 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. Kahya Demirbilek ◽

Ö. Ardıçlı ◽

H. Kurnaz

Keyword(s):

Animal Species ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Animal Products ◽

Pet Owners ◽

Direct Microscopic Examination ◽

Malassezia Spp ◽

Penicillium Spp

Background: The importance of zoonotic fungal infections is increasing today and continues to increase due to changing living conditions. Methods: Between 2012 and 2019 evaluated of fungi species isolated from 51 (20.07%) of 254 samples from 10 different animal species (dog, cat, horse, cow, goat, sheep, camel, penguin, bird, rabbit) with 10 different sample types Thus, the risk of those with zoonotic characteristics was assessed. Despite fungal hyphae and/or spores were seen in 63 (24.8%) of 254 samples in the direct microscopic examination, the isolation of fungi on Sabouraud dextrose agar occurred in only 51 of these samples (20.07%). Conclusion: Of all the 51 samples, 9 (17.64%) samples had more than one fungal agent. The predominant isolate was Aspergillus spp. with an isolation rate of 24 (47.05%), followed by Malassezia spp. 11 (21.56%), Alternaria spp. 6 (11.76%), Penicillium spp. and various yeasts 4 (7.84%), Microsporum spp. 3 (5.88%), Candida spp., Mucor spp., Geotrichum spp. 2 (3.92%) and Trichophyton spp. and Rhizopus spp. 1 (1.96%). Besides, samples were examined for the presence of bacteria and one or more of the bacteria were also isolated from 14 (27.4%) of 51 samples. This assessment in the veterinary microbiology laboratory has shown that the isolated fungi agents pose a significant risk of infection for people who take care of these animals or consume animal products and pet owners.

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Effect of chlorogenic and gallic acids combined with azoles on antifungal susceptibility and virulence of multidrug-resistant Candida spp. and Malassezia furfur isolates

Medical Mycology ◽

10.1093/mmy/myaa010 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (8) ◽

pp. 1091-1101

Author(s):

Wafa Rhimi ◽

Chioma Inyang Aneke ◽

Giada Annoscia ◽

Domenico Otranto ◽

Teun Boekhout ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Enzymes ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Pichia Kudriavzevii ◽

Malassezia Spp ◽

Time Kill

Abstract Chlorogenic acid (CHA) and gallic acid (GA) are safe natural phenolic compounds that are used as enhancers of some drugs in influencing antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial activities. Among fungi, Candida spp. and Malassezia spp. are characterized by an increasing prevalence of multidrug resistance phenomena and by a high morbidity and mortality of their infections. No data are available about the efficacy of CHA and GA combined with azoles on the antifungal susceptibility and on the virulence of both fungi. Therefore, their antifungal and antivirulence effects have been tested in combination with fluconazole (FLZ) or ketoconazole (KTZ) on 23 Candida spp. and 8 M. furfur isolates. Broth microdilution chequerboard, time-kill studies, and extracellular enzymes (phospholipase and hemolytic) activities were evaluated, displaying a synergistic antifungal action between CHA or GA and FLZ or KTZ on C. albicans, C. bovina, and C. parapsilosis, and antagonistic antifungal effects on M. furfur and Pichia kudriavzevii (Candida krusei) isolates. The time-kill studies confirmed the chequerboard findings, showing fungicidal inhibitory effect only when the GA was combined with azoles on Candida strains. However, the combination of phenolics with azoles had no effect on the virulence of the tested isolates. Our study indicates that the combination between natural products and conventional drugs could be an efficient strategy for combating azole resistance and for controlling fungistatic effects of azole drugs.

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NEW IN CLINICAL LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS OF DERMATOPHYTE FUNGI IN CHILDREN WITH ATOPIC DERMATITIS

Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics ◽

10.18821/0869-2084-2-19-64-6-351-353 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (6) ◽

pp. 351-353

Author(s):

V. G. Arzumanian ◽

I. V. Il`ina ◽

G. V. Vasilieva ◽

O. O. Magarshak ◽

A. Yu. Mironov

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Tween 80 ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Laboratory Diagnostics ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Seeding Method ◽

Malassezia Spp ◽

Staphylococcus Spp ◽

First Time

Role of bacteria Staphylococcus spp., yeasts of Candida spp., Malassezia spp. genera in pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) in infant patients is well known. However, no data concerning the incidence of dermatophytes in such disease entity were obtained. Aim of the study was estimation of dermatophytes carriage in children with AD. Group of patients involved 44 persons 1 to 18 years old with clinically diagnosed acute AD. Especially for the study a method of skin scales collection was created: painless for patients and safe for medical personnel. The method is based on following stages - rubbing of lichenificated skin zones with sterile swab which was preliminary saturated with phosphate/Tween 80 buffer pH 7,9 and centrifuging of the suspension for sedimentation of skin scales. Microscopic examination of hydrolyzed scales was carried out at maximal magnification x1750, at that different dermatophyte and yeast fungal forms were registered. Spores of dermatophyte fungi were detected with 67,0% frequency, whereas dermatophyte mycelium - with 18,3% frequency. No correlation between dermatophyte spores and mycelium was found out (Pirson`s coefficient r=0,236), however no mycelium without spores was detected, but in 73,3% of cases spores occurred without mycelium. Yeast spores were detected in 45,2% of patients - this fact is agreed with data obtained earlier by the seeding method, but yeast mycelium was found out in 3,5% of patients. Therefore frequent occurrence of dermatophyte fungi on the skin of AD infants is revealed for the first time. At that dermatophytes were found out to exist more often in the form of spores. These results are important for choice of the further therapy.

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Research of the colonization level of the fungi Malassezia spp. and Candida spp. on the skin of patients with skin diseases

ScienceRise Medical Science ◽

10.15587/2519-4798.2018.121964 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 0 (1 (21)) ◽

pp. 29-32

Author(s):

Tetiana Chastii

Keyword(s):

Skin Diseases ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Malassezia Spp

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Identification of the etiological agents that cause superficial cutaneous mycoses in southern Brazil

Scientific Electronic Archives ◽

10.36560/13920201078 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 85

Author(s):

K. V. Martinez ◽

P. A. Pereira ◽

C. G. S. Nascimento ◽

R. N. Leandro ◽

V. M. Giundice ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infected Individual ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Clinical Analysis ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Superficial Skin ◽

Malassezia Spp ◽

Mycological Examination

Superficial skin ringworm is a fungal disease that affects external tissues such as nails, skin and hair of humans and animals. The infection can be transmitted directly, through contact with another infected individual or animal, or indirectly, through contaminated materials, these mycoses being potentially contagious. The main objective of the present study was to identify the etiologic agents of potentially contagious cutaneous superficial mycoses present in southern Brazil, correlating with the gender and the most affected sites of the patients.The study period corresponded from January 2011 to June 2019. Prior to the collection, an interview was conducted with patients to obtain epidemiological information. The collected material was scraped from lesions on the skin and nails and hair epilated. The patients were received at the Clinical Analysis Laboratory (LACT) of the UFRGS School of Pharmacy and at the Rio Grande do Sul State Laboratory (LACEN-RS). Subsequently, with the report of the mycological examination, patients treated at LACT were referred to the Dermatology Service of the State of Rio Grande do Sul for medical care and therapy. During the study period, 6010 nail and skin scrapes were obtained and hair, of which 4560 (76%) were negative and 1450 (24%) positive on mycological examination. The most isolated species were T. rubrum (54%), Candida spp. (19%), T. mentagrophytes (14%) and Malassezia spp. (5%). The Female (70%) were the most affected, and nails (72%) were the most affected followed by skin (27%) and hair (1%). With the data obtained on isolated fungal species, we still have much to work with the community developing educational and preventive measures in conjunction with public policies, to try to reduce the risk of contamination by reaching mainly individuals in a higher state of social vulnerability.

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Dermatomycosis: Conditions that contribute to the disease development

Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke ◽

10.2298/zmspn1120231s ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 231-243

Author(s):

Igor Stojanov ◽

Jasna Prodanov-Radulovic ◽

Ivan Pusic ◽

Milos Kapetanov ◽

Radomir Ratajac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

Skin Surface ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Hair Follicles ◽

Target Tissue ◽

Candida Spp ◽

The Subject ◽

Malassezia Spp ◽

Infected Skin

Skin lesions caused by dermatophytes are classified depending on the infected skin structure: surface layer of cutis, fur layer, clutches or nails. Surface mycoses are caused by dermatophytes: Epidermophyton, Microsporum and Trichophyton species (also important are Malassezia spp., Candida spp., and Trichosporon). Skin is the target tissue for fungal infections if the epithelial layer is damaged and immune system cannot cope with the infection, or if the conditions are favorable for dermatophytes, which spread in the cutis due to the enzyme activities. Dermatophytes can be found on skin surface if they contaminate or colonize epidermis or hair follicles. However, clinical symptoms of lesion on the skin are sometimes absent. According to the literature data 6-9% of skin lesions are caused by dermatophyte in human medicine. Similar situation is in veterinary medicine. Fungus that cause dermatomycosis are widespread in the nature and could be divided into: zoophilic, geophilic and anthrophilic. The goal of this paper is to present the latest knowledge in pathogenesis on dermatomycosis, predisposing factors important for the outcome of the disease, and immunological reaction of organism to the fungal infection. Our intention is to summarize the subject and present the facts related to specific problems in dermatomycosis.

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