scholarly journals Widespread dissemination of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii producing OXA-23 carbapenemase and ArmA 16S ribosomal RNA methylase in a Bulgarian university hospital

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Strateva ◽  
Boyka Markova ◽  
Yulia Marteva-Proevska ◽  
Dobrinka Ivanova ◽  
Ivan Mitov
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
16S Ribosomal Rna ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Widespread Dissemination

scholarly journals Prevalence of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a critical care setting: A tertiary teaching hospital experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110011
Author(s):  
Thabit Alotaibi ◽  
Abdulrhman Abuhaimed ◽  
Mohammed Alshahrani ◽  
Ahmed Albdelhady ◽  
Yousef Almubarak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
The Mean

Background: The management of Acinetobacter baumannii infection is considered a challenge especially in an intensive care setting. The resistance rate makes it difficult to manage and is believed to lead to higher mortality. We aim to investigate the prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii and explore how different antibiotic regimens could impact patient outcomes as there are no available published data to reflect our population in our region. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all infected adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit at King Fahad University Hospital with a confirmed laboratory diagnosis of Acinetobacter baumannii from 1 January 2013 until 31 December 2017. Positive cultures were obtained from the microbiology department and those meeting the inclusive criteria were selected. Variables were analyzed using descriptive analysis and cross-tabulation. Results were further reviewed and audited by blinded co-authors. Results: A comprehensive review of data identified 198 patients with Acinetobacter baumannii. The prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii is 3.37%, and the overall mortality rate is 40.81%. Our sample consisted mainly of male patients, that is, 68.7%, with a mean age of 49 years, and the mean age of female patients was 56 years. The mean age of survivors was less than that of non-survivors, that is, 44.95 years of age. We observed that prior antibiotic use was higher in non-survivors compared to survivors. From the review of treatment provided for patients infected with Acinetobacter baumannii, 65 were treated with colistin alone, 18 were treated with carbapenems, and 22 were treated with a combination of both carbapenems and colistin. The mean length of stay of Acinetobacter baumannii–infected patients was 20.25 days. We found that the survival rates among patients who received carbapenems were higher compared to those who received colistin. Conclusion: We believe that multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is prevalent and associated with a higher mortality rate and represents a challenging case for every intensive care unit physician. Further prospective studies are needed.

scholarly journals Analisis Bioinformatika Berbasis WEB untuk Eksplorasi Enzim Kitosanase Berdasarkan Kemiripan Sekuens

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Vanny Narita ◽  
Arif Lelono Arum ◽  
Siti Isnaeni M ◽  
Nuri Y. Fawzya
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Gene Bank ◽  
16S Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Aeromonas Veronii

Eksplorasi enzim secara tradisional dengan kultivasi mikroba sekarang ini tidak lagi efisien, karena menghabiskan waktu dan biaya. Bioinformatik berbasis web hadir untuk melakukan serangkaian analisis sekuen, baik itu DNA maupun protein, yang dapat digunakan sebagai penelitian pendahuluan, sehingga ekplorasi enzim menjadi lebih tepat sasaran.  Penelitian ini telah melakukan analisis potongan sekuen 16S ribosomal RNA yang didapat dari 6 bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan udang.  Analisis yang dilakukan adalah untuk mencari tahu tersedianya sekuen tersebut telah ada di <em>Gene Bank</em> atau merupakan strain baru khas Indonesia yang belum terpublikasi. Dengan menggunakan <em>database</em> <em>16S Microbial</em> dan <em>Reference Genomic Sequence</em>, serta fasilitas BLAST nucleotide dan CLUSTALW2 didapatkan 5 nama bakteri yaitu <em>Micromonospora</em> sp. L5, <em>Aeromonas veronii</em> B565, <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em> ATCC 12228, <em>Burkholderia </em>sp. JV3, dan <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em>AB307-0294. Kelima mikroba ini memiliki tidak mempunyai gen kitosanase tetapi penyandi kitinase. Ketidakhadiran gen kitosanase dalam genome mikroba menjadikan mikroba unik untuk diketahui sekuens gen kitosanasenya, yang juga berpeluang untuk dipublikasikan.<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em></em>Enzymes exploration which is traditionally conducted by microbial cultivation, is no longer efficient, for spending the time and cost. Web based bioinformatics presents to do a series of sequence analysis, for query both DNA and protein, which can be used as preliminary test in order to direct the research effectively. We have conducted an analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences from 6 bacteria in association with shrimp. The goal is finding out the recording in <em>Gene Bank</em>s, which if they have not recorded means they are Indonesian strain.  Using the 16S Microbial and Reference Genomic Sequence <em>database</em>s, as well as BLAST nucleotide and CLUSTALW2, we obtained 5 names of bacteria, i.e., <em>Micromonospora</em> sp. L5, <em>Aeromonas veronii</em> B565, <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em> ATCC 12228, <em>Burkholderia </em>sp. JV3, and <em>Acinetobacter baumannii </em>AB307-0294. These microbes do not have the chitosanase gene but have chitinase gene. The absence of chitosanase gene is unique its sequence that also gives opportunity for publication.</p>

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of Two Carbapenemase-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Strains Isolated from Albanian and Togolese Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed M. H. Abdelbary ◽  
Guy Prod’hom ◽  
Gilbert Greub ◽  
Laurence Senn ◽  
Dominique S. Blanc
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Strains

ABSTRACT We report here the draft genome sequences of two multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical strains, H31499 and H31506, which were isolated at the Lausanne University Hospital in 2015 from an Albanian and a Togolese patient, respectively.

scholarly journals A Plasmid-Borne blaOXA-58 Gene Confers Imipenem Resistance to Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from a Lebanese Hospital

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 4115-4120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Zarrilli ◽  
Domenico Vitale ◽  
Anna Di Popolo ◽  
Maria Bagattini ◽  
Ziad Daoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Insertion Sequence ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Mosaic Structure ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Origins Of Replication ◽  
Imipenem Resistance ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT We investigated the basis of the carbapenem resistance of 17 multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates collected from 2004 to 2005 at the Saint George University Hospital in Beirut, Lebanon. A. baumannii isolates were clonally related and were susceptible to colistin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, susceptible or intermediate to ampicillin-sulbactam and meropenem, and resistant to all other antimicrobials. Conjugation experiments demonstrated that resistance to imipenem could be transferred along with a plasmid containing the carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinase bla OXA-58 gene. The plasmid that we called pABIR was 29,823 bp in size and showed a novel mosaic structure composed of two origins of replication, four insertion sequence (IS) elements, and 28 open reading frames. The bla OXA-58 gene was flanked by IS18 and ISAba3 elements at the 5′ and 3′ ends, respectively. The production of the carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinase OXA-58 was apparently the only mechanism for carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii isolates causing the outbreak at the Lebanese Hospital.

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology of a clonal outbreak of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a university hospital in Italy

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zarrilli ◽  
R. Casillo ◽  
A. Di Popolo ◽  
M.-F. Tripodi ◽  
M. Bagattini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
University Hospital

scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Susceptibility Pattern of ClinicalNocardiaSpecies: Emergence ofNocardia crassostreaeas an Agent of Invasive Nocardiosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. e33-e38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad J Taj-Aldeen ◽  
Anand Deshmukh ◽  
Sanjay Doiphode ◽  
Atqah Abdul Wahab ◽  
Mona Allangawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
16S Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Resistant Organism ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Nocardia Otitidiscaviarum

BACKGROUND:Nocardiaspecies are rare, opportunistic organisms that cause disease in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical presentations of variousNocardiainfections based on the 16S ribosomal RNA gene of the isolate, as well as related risk factors and susceptibility patterns to antimicrobial agentsMETHODS: Thirteen patients with a diagnosis of nocardiosis were included in the present study. SevenNocardiaspecies were identified by 16S ribosomal RNA. Susceptibility testing was performed using six antimicrobial agents.RESULTS: Five patients were immunocompromised, and eight were immunocompetent with predisposing factors including cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis and ophthalmic infections.Nocardiacaused pulmonary infections in eight patients (61.5%), invasive systemic infections in three patients (23%) and local (ophthalmic) infections in two patients (15.4%). In the patients with pulmonary disease, nocardiosis was caused by six species (Nocardia cyriacigeorgica,Nocardia otitidiscaviarum,Nocardia farcinica,Nocardia carnea,Nocardia testaceaandNocardia asiatica). The seventh species identified in the present study wasNocardia crassostreae.DISCUSSION:N crassostreaeis a multidrug-resistant organism that was reported to be an emerging human pathogen causing invasive nocardiosis in a patient with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.N farcinicawas isolated from blood in a patient with breast cancer. None of theNocardiaisolates were resistant to linezolid. OneN otitidiscaviarumisolate was a multidrug-resistant organism. All patients in the present study were treated with the appropriate antibiotics and their condition resolved without further sequelae.CONCLUSIONS: The present study is the first report onN crassostreaeas a human pathogen. The detection of multidrug-resistant species necessitate molecular identification and susceptibility testing, and should be performed for allNocardiainfections. Nocardiosis manifests various clinical features depending on theNocardiaspecies and underlying conditions.

scholarly journals Decreasing Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii in Rīga East University Hospital / Multirezistentās Acinetobacter Baumannii Izplatības Mazināšanās Rīgas Austrumu Klīniskajā Universitātes Slimnīcā

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
Māris Liepiņš ◽  
Raimonds Sīmanis ◽  
Aivars Lejnieks
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Time Period

Abstract There has been an increasing tendency of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), including multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB), in the Rīga East University Hospital (REUH) during the last decade. Over the last two years (2014-2015), this tendency has reversed and the prevalence of MDRAB has decreased considerably. In this study we assessed the prevalence of MDRAB in intensive care units (ICUs), internal medicine, surgery units and analysed antibiotic sensitivity profiles. In addition, we determined if current infection control measures are preventing further increase of infections caused by MDRAB in REUH. Retrospective Acinetobacter baumannii prevalence data were collected for the period from 2009 until 2012. For the time period from the beginning of 2013 until 2015, after implementing such infection control measures as control of compliance to hand hygiene guidelines, a review of central venous catheter insertion protocols and regular search for sources of MDRAB in hospital environment, prospective follow-up of new cases was conducted. Antimicrobial sensitivity profiles were assessed for the period from 2013 until 2015. Data were processed with the statistical software WHONET 5.5. Bacteria identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed by VITEK 2 compact, BioMerieux, France. The prevalence of MDRAB in the period 2009 to 2013 increased from 71 to 217 cases per year, but from between 2013 (time of implementing infection control measures) and 2015 it decreased to 113 cases in 2015. In the three year period (2013-2015), the proportion of MDRAB causing bloodstream infections (BSI) and central nervous system infections (CNSI) was 15.85% from all identified MDRAB cases. Of the 113 MDRAB infections diagnosed in 2015, BSI was found in 16.81% cases (n = 19). Antibiotic resistance testing showed that colistin is the most effective drug against MDRAB. The majority of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were resistant to Ampicillin/Sulbactam, Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Ceftazidime, Cefepime, Imipenem, Meropenem, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin, and Ciprofloxacin. Over the last two years (2014-2015), prevalence of MDRAB infections decreased considerably. In the time period from 2013 to 2014, resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii increased to imipenem, ciprofloxacin and colistin, while decreased slightly to amikacin. Rigorous infection control measures, such as identification and elimination of new MDRAB sources in environment, review of the central venous catheter insertion protocol and improvements in hand hygiene, are crucial for decreasing distribution of and invasive infections caused by MDRAB in the hospital environment.

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