scholarly journals Decreasing Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii in Rīga East University Hospital / Multirezistentās Acinetobacter Baumannii Izplatības Mazināšanās Rīgas Austrumu Klīniskajā Universitātes Slimnīcā

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
Māris Liepiņš ◽  
Raimonds Sīmanis ◽  
Aivars Lejnieks
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Time Period

Abstract There has been an increasing tendency of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), including multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB), in the Rīga East University Hospital (REUH) during the last decade. Over the last two years (2014-2015), this tendency has reversed and the prevalence of MDRAB has decreased considerably. In this study we assessed the prevalence of MDRAB in intensive care units (ICUs), internal medicine, surgery units and analysed antibiotic sensitivity profiles. In addition, we determined if current infection control measures are preventing further increase of infections caused by MDRAB in REUH. Retrospective Acinetobacter baumannii prevalence data were collected for the period from 2009 until 2012. For the time period from the beginning of 2013 until 2015, after implementing such infection control measures as control of compliance to hand hygiene guidelines, a review of central venous catheter insertion protocols and regular search for sources of MDRAB in hospital environment, prospective follow-up of new cases was conducted. Antimicrobial sensitivity profiles were assessed for the period from 2013 until 2015. Data were processed with the statistical software WHONET 5.5. Bacteria identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed by VITEK 2 compact, BioMerieux, France. The prevalence of MDRAB in the period 2009 to 2013 increased from 71 to 217 cases per year, but from between 2013 (time of implementing infection control measures) and 2015 it decreased to 113 cases in 2015. In the three year period (2013-2015), the proportion of MDRAB causing bloodstream infections (BSI) and central nervous system infections (CNSI) was 15.85% from all identified MDRAB cases. Of the 113 MDRAB infections diagnosed in 2015, BSI was found in 16.81% cases (n = 19). Antibiotic resistance testing showed that colistin is the most effective drug against MDRAB. The majority of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were resistant to Ampicillin/Sulbactam, Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Ceftazidime, Cefepime, Imipenem, Meropenem, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin, and Ciprofloxacin. Over the last two years (2014-2015), prevalence of MDRAB infections decreased considerably. In the time period from 2013 to 2014, resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii increased to imipenem, ciprofloxacin and colistin, while decreased slightly to amikacin. Rigorous infection control measures, such as identification and elimination of new MDRAB sources in environment, review of the central venous catheter insertion protocol and improvements in hand hygiene, are crucial for decreasing distribution of and invasive infections caused by MDRAB in the hospital environment.

scholarly journals Control of an Outbreak ofAcinetobacter baumanniiin Burn Unit in a Tertiary Care Hospital of North India

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shweta Sharma ◽  
Nirmaljit Kaur ◽  
Shalini Malhotra ◽  
Preeti Madan ◽  
Charoo Hans
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Burn Unit

Acinetobacterinfection is increasing in hospitals and now it is considered as a global threat, as it can be easily transmitted and remain viable in the hospital environment for a long time due to its multidrug-resistant status, resistance to desiccation, and tendency to adhere to inanimate surfaces. Outbreaks caused by multidrug-resistantAcinetobacter baumannii(MDRAB) are difficult to control and have substantial morbidity and mortality, especially in vulnerable host. Here we are describing an outbreak of multidrug-resistantAcinetobacter baumanniiin burn unit of a tertiary care hospital in India followed by its investigation and infection control measures taken to curtail the outbreak. Outbreak investigation and environmental sampling are the key factors which help in deciding the infection control strategies for control of outbreak. Implementation of contact precautions, hand hygiene, personnel protective equipment, environmental disinfection, isolation of patients, and training of health care workers are effective measures to control the outbreak of MDRAB in burn unit.

scholarly journals Retrospective Study of Genetic Diversity of Acinetobacter Baumannii-Resistant Strains Isolated from Patients in Rīga East University Hospital in Latvia

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-148
Author(s):  
Māris Liepiņš ◽  
Angelika Krūmiņa ◽  
Irēna Meistere ◽  
Diāna Kosjkina ◽  
Juris Ķibilds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Abstract Acinetobacter baumannii is an aerobic gram-negative opportunistic bacterial pathogen, an emerging cause of healthcare-associated infections, associated with increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. It has been widely found in the hospital environment, exhibiting high resistance to antimicrobials, affecting the spread of healthcare-associated infections and preventing effective infection control. The role of virulence factors in the pathogenesis of A. baumannii related human infections remains unclear. Therefore, molecular testing of pathogenic bacteria is an important tool for improving infection control measures against A. baumannii with combined resistance. The aim of this study was to analyse A. baumannii infection cases, antimicrobial resistance profiles and to characterise the genetic heterogeneity of isolates. In general, outbreaks occurring in hospitals are presumed to be clonal, with patient-to-patient transmission of essentially identical strains. Treatment decisions are based on a combination of in vitro susceptibility assays and empirical results based on patient outcomes.

Healthcare personnel experiences implementing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infection control measures at a ventilator-capable skilled nursing facility—A qualitative analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Katharina R. Rynkiewich ◽  
Jinal Makhija ◽  
Mary Carl M. Froilan ◽  
Ellen C. Benson ◽  
Alice Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Skilled Nursing ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Resident Care ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Self Protection

Abstract Objective: Ventilator-capable skilled nursing facilities (vSNFs) are critical to the epidemiology and control of antibiotic-resistant organisms. During an infection prevention intervention to control carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), we conducted a qualitative study to characterize vSNF healthcare personnel beliefs and experiences regarding infection control measures. Design: A qualitative study involving semistructured interviews. Setting: One vSNF in the Chicago, Illinois, metropolitan region. Participants: The study included 17 healthcare personnel representing management, nursing, and nursing assistants. Methods: We used face-to-face, semistructured interviews to measure healthcare personnel experiences with infection control measures at the midpoint of a 2-year quality improvement project. Results: Healthcare personnel characterized their facility as a home-like environment, yet they recognized that it is a setting where germs were ‘invisible’ and potentially ‘threatening.’ Healthcare personnel described elaborate self-protection measures to avoid acquisition or transfer of germs to their own household. Healthcare personnel were motivated to implement infection control measures to protect residents, but many identified structural barriers such as understaffing and time constraints, and some reported persistent preference for soap and water. Conclusions: Healthcare personnel in vSNFs, from management to frontline staff, understood germ theory and the significance of multidrug-resistant organism transmission. However, their ability to implement infection control measures was hampered by resource limitations and mixed beliefs regarding the effectiveness of infection control measures. Self-protection from acquiring multidrug-resistant organisms was a strong motivator for healthcare personnel both outside and inside the workplace, and it could explain variation in adherence to infection control measures such as a higher hand hygiene adherence after resident care than before resident care.

Nosocomial Infection and Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Surveillance in Intensive Care Units: A Survey in France

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
François L'Hériteau ◽  
Corinne Alberti ◽  
Yves Cohen ◽  
Gilles Troché ◽  
Pierre Moine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Venous Catheterization ◽  
Structural Variables ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractObjectives:To evaluate nosocomial infection (NI) surveillance strategies in French ICUs and to identify similar patterns defining subsets within which comparisons can be made.Design:A questionnaire was sent to all French ICUs, and a random sample of nonresponders was interviewed.Participants:Three hundred ninety-five responder ICUs (69%) in France.Results:In 282 ICUs (71%), a dedicated ICU staff member was responsible for infection control activities. The microbiology laboratory was usually in the hospital (90%) and computerized (94%) but issued regular hospital microbiology records in only 48% of cases. Patients receiving mechanical ventilation, central venous catheterization, and urinary catheterization were 90%, 79%, and 60%, respectively. Patients were screened for carriage of mul-tidrug-resistant bacteria on admission and during the stay in 70% and 60% of ICUs, respectively, most often targeting MRSA. Quantitative cultures were used to diagnose ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in 90% of ICUs, including distal specimens in 80% and bronchoscopy specimens in 60%. Quantitative central venous catheter (CVC)-segment cultures were used in 70% of ICUs. All CVCs were cultured routinely in 53% of the ICUs. Despite wide variations in infection control and surveillance strategies, multiple correspondence analysis identified 13 key points (4 structural variables and 9 variables concerning the diagnosis of VAP, the surveillance and diagnosis of catheter-related and urinary tract infections, and the mode of screening of MRSA carriers) that categorize the variability of French ICUs' approaches to NIs.Conclusion:This study revealed profound differences in N1 surveillance strategies across ICUs, indicating a need for caution when using N1 surveillance data for comparisons and benchmarking.

scholarly journals Infant Case of Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Citrobacter koseri Urinary Infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyppolite K Tchidjou ◽  
Bernard Romeo
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Infant Case

Abstract Since 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is highly contagious with a high mortality rate. France has taken strict infection control measures. According to the report by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, children are less affected with COVID-19 and seem to have less severe disease than adults. We reported the first confirmed infant case of co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Citrobacter koseri urinary infection in 6-week-old child admitted on 25 March 2020 with mild symptoms in the Pediatric COVID Unit of Amiens University Hospital, France.

scholarly journals Intensified Infection Control Measures to Minimize the Spread of Colistin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anucha Apisaranthanarak ◽  
Sassinuch Rujanavech ◽  
Pornpong Luxamesathaporn ◽  
Linda M. Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Measures

scholarly journals TB management in the European Union/European Economic Area: a multi‐centre survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
G. Sotgiu ◽  
S. Rosales-Klintz ◽  
R. Centis ◽  
L. D'Ambrosio ◽  
R. Verduin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Economic Area

BACKGROUND: Essential TB care in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) comprises 21 standards for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of TB that constitute the European Union Standards for Tuberculosis Care (ESTC).METHODS: In 2017, we conducted an audit on TB management and infection control measures against the ESTC standards. TB reference centres in five EU/EEA countries were purposely selected to represent the heterogeneous European TB burden and examine geographic variability.RESULTS: Data from 122 patients, diagnosed between 2012 and 2015 with multidrug-resistant TB (n = 49), extensively drug‐resistant TB (XDR‐TB) (n = 11), pre‐XDR‐TB (n = 29) and drug‐susceptible TB (n = 33), showed that TB diagnosis and treatment practices were in general in agreement with the ESTC.CONCLUSION: Overall, TB management and infection control practices were in agreement with the ESTC in the selected EU/EEA reference centres. Areas for improvement include strengthening of integrated care services and further implementation of patient‐centred approaches.

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