Synthesis of stimuli-sensitive copolymers by RAFT polymerization: potential candidates as drug delivery systems

Background: Tumor-targeted delivery by nanoparticles is a great achievement towards the use of highly effective drug at very low doses. The conventional development of tumor-targeted delivery by nanoparticles is based on enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and endocytosis based on receptor-mediated are very demanding due to the biological and natural complications of tumors as well as the restrictions on the design of the accurate nanoparticle delivery systems. Methods: Different tumor environment stimuli are responsible for triggered multistage drug delivery systems (MSDDS) for tumor therapy and imaging. Physicochemical properties, such as size, hydrophobicity and potential transform by MSDDS because of the physiological blood circulation different, intracellular tumor environment. This system accomplishes tumor penetration, cellular uptake improved, discharge of drugs on accurate time, and endosomal discharge. Results: Maximum drug delivery by MSDDS mechanism to target therapeutic cells and also tumor tissues and sub cellular organism. Poorly soluble compounds and bioavailability issues have been faced by pharmaceutical industries, which are resolved by nanoparticle formulation. Conclusion: In our review, we illustrate different types of triggered moods and stimuli of the tumor environment, which help in smart multistage drug delivery systems by nanoparticles, basically a multi-stimuli sensitive delivery system, and elaborate their function, effects, and diagnosis.

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Biodegradable and pH Sensitive Peptide Based Hydrogel as Controlled Release System for Antibacterial Wound Dressing Application

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules23123383 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (12) ◽

pp. 3383 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jie Zhu ◽

Hua Han ◽

Ting-Ting Ye ◽

Fa-Xue Li ◽

Xue-Li Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Wound Dressing ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Controlled Drug Delivery ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Hybrid Hydrogel ◽

Antibacterial Studies ◽

Hybrid Hydrogels ◽

Stimuli Sensitive

The stimuli-sensitive and biodegradable hydrogels are promising biomaterials as controlled drug delivery systems for diverse biomedical applications. In this study, we construct hybrid hydrogels combined with peptide-based bis-acrylate and acrylic acid (AAc). The peptide-based bis-acrylate/AAc hybrid hydrogel displays an interconnected and porous structure by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation and exhibits pH-dependent swelling property. The biodegradation of hybrid hydrogels was characterized by SEM and weight loss, and the results showed the hydrogels have a good enzymatic biodegradation property. The mechanical and cytotoxicity properties of the hydrogels were also tested. Besides, triclosan was preloaded during the hydrogel formation for drug release and antibacterial studies. In summary, the peptide-based bis-acrylate/AAc hydrogel with stimuli sensitivity and biodegradable property may be excellent candidates as drug delivery systems for antibacterial wound dressing application.

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Stimuli sensitive polymers and self regulated drug delivery systems: A very partial review

Journal of Controlled Release ◽

10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.035 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 190 ◽

pp. 337-351 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Ronald A. Siegel

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Stimuli Sensitive

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Stimuli sensitive polymers for drug delivery systems

Makromolekulare Chemie Macromolecular Symposia ◽

10.1002/masy.19900330123 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 265-277 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

I. C. Kwon ◽

Y. H. Bae ◽

T. Okano ◽

S. W. Kim ◽

B. Berner

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Stimuli Sensitive

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Stimuli-sensitive cross-linked hydrogels as drug delivery systems: Impact of the drug on the responsiveness

International Journal of Pharmaceutics ◽

10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119157 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 579 ◽

pp. 119157 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo ◽

Valerij Y. Grinberg ◽

Tatiana V. Burova ◽

Angel Concheiro

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Stimuli Sensitive

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Dual Responsive Polymersomes for Gold Nanorod and Doxorubicin Encapsulation: Nanomaterials with Potential Use as Smart Drug Delivery Systems

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11060939 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 939 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Melissa DiazDuarte-Rodriguez ◽

Norma A. Cortez-Lemus ◽

Angel Licea-Claverie ◽

Jacob Licea-Rodriguez ◽

Eugenio R. Méndez

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Block Copolymers ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Chain Transfer ◽

Raft Polymerization ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Dual Responsive ◽

Poly Ethylene ◽

Potential Use

In the present study, poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(N,N-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PEG-b-PDEAEM) amphiphilic block copolymers were synthetized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization using two different macro chain transfer agents containing PEG of 2000 and 5000 g/mol and varying the length of the PDEAEM segment. From the obtained block copolymers, polymersome type nanometric aggregates were obtained by two different techniques. By direct dispersion, particle diameters around 200 nm were obtained, while by solvent exchange using THF and water, the obtained diameters were around 100 nm. These block copolymers were used to encapsulate gold nanorods and doxorubicin (DOX) with good efficiencies to obtain nanomaterials with potential use as dual stimuli-sensitive drug delivery systems for combined anticancer therapies. Drug delivery studies showed that the release rate of DOX was accelerated when the pH was lowered from 7.4 to 5.8 and also when the systems were irradiated with a NIR laser at pH 7.4. The combination of lower pH and near infrared (NIR) irradiation resulted in higher drug release only in the case of polymersomes with lower molecular weight PEG.

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