scholarly journals Brain injury markers (S100B and NSE) in chronic cocaine dependents

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Henrique Paim Kessler ◽  
George Woody ◽  
Luís Valmor Cruz Portela ◽  
Adriano Bretanha Lopes Tort ◽  
Raquel De Boni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
Chronic Cocaine ◽  
Cocaine Users ◽  
Serum Neuron Specific Enolase

OBJECTIVE: Studies have shown signs of brain damage caused by different mechanisms in cocaine users. The serum neuron specific enolase and S100B protein are considered specific biochemical markers of neuronal and glial cell injury. This study aimed at comparing blood levels of S100B and NSE in chronic cocaine users and in volunteers who did not use cocaine or other illicit drugs. METHOD: Twenty subjects dependent on cocaine but not on alcohol or marijuana, and 20 non-substance using controls were recruited. Subjects were selected by consecutive and non-probabilistic sampling. Neuron specific enolase and S100B levels were determined by luminescence assay. RESULTS: Cocaine users had significantly higher scores than controls in all psychiatric dimensions of the SCL-90 and had cognitive deficits in the subtest cubes of WAIS and the word span. Mean serum S100B level was 0.09 ± 0.04 µg/l among cocaine users and 0.08 ± 0.04 µg/l among controls. Mean serum neuron specific enolase level was 9.7 ± 3.5 ng/l among cocaine users and 8.3 ± 2.6 ng/l among controls. CONCLUSIONS: In this first study using these specific brain damage markers in cocaine users, serum levels of S100B and neuron specific enolase were not statistically different between cocaine dependent subjects and controls.

Serum Levels of Neuron-Specific Enolase in Children With Diabetic Ketoacidosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherifa Hamed ◽  
Kotb Abbass Metwalley ◽  
Hekma Saad Farghaly ◽  
Tahra Sherief
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Serum Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Sensitive Marker

Neuron-specific enolase is a sensitive marker of neuronal damage in various neurologic disorders. This study aimed to measure serum neuron-specific enolase levels at different time points and severities of diabetic ketoacidosis. This study included 90 children (age 9.2 ± 3.4 years) with diabetic ketoacidosis. Neuron-specific enolase was measured at 3 time points (baseline and after 12 and 24 hours of starting treatment). Among patients, 74.4% had diagnosis of new diabetes, 60% had Glasgow Coma Scale score <15, and 75.6% had moderate/severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Compared with controls (n = 30), children with diabetic ketoacidosis had higher neuron-specific enolase levels at the 3 time points ( P = .0001). In multiple regression analysis, the factors associated with higher neuron-specific enolase levels were younger age, higher glucose, lower pH, and bicarbonate values. This study indicates that serum neuron-specific enolase is elevated in diabetic ketoacidosis and correlated with the severity of hyperglycemia, ketosis, and acidosis. This study indicates that diabetic ketoacidosis may cause neuronal injury from which the patients recovered partially but not completely.

SERUM NEURON ??? SPECIFIC ENOLASE AS A PROGNOSTIC MAKER FOR HYPOXIC BRAIN DAMAGE AFTER CARDIAC ARREST IN MAN

Shock ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Imaizumi ◽  
Masashi Yoshida ◽  
Morihito Satoh ◽  
Yasuo Shichinohe ◽  
Tomoyuki Kawamata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Hypoxic Brain Damage ◽  
Hypoxic Brain ◽  
Prognostic Maker ◽  
Serum Neuron Specific Enolase

scholarly journals SURG-19. EVALUATION OF SERUM NEURON SPECIFIC ENOLASE, INTERFERON-ALPHA, AND INTERFERON-GAMMA IN RESPONSE TO LASER ABLATION OF HIGH GRADE GLIOMAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii207-ii207
Author(s):  
Seamus Bartlett ◽  
Tavarekere Nagaraja ◽  
Lonni Schultz ◽  
James Ewing ◽  
Stephen Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Interferon Alpha ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
High Grade ◽  
High Grade Gliomas ◽  
Serum Neuron Specific Enolase

Abstract BACKGROUND The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a formidable obstacle in the treatment of gliomas. It has been speculated that the BBB may be temporarily disrupted in laser ablation, a relatively new treatment used for newly diagnosed and recurrent high grade gliomas (HGG). BBB disruption can be measured non-invasively through serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) levels. In addition to disrupting the BBB, laser ablation could trigger an immune response in brain that has yet to be studied. Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-ɣ) are cytokines used as serum markers for an immune response. OBJECTIVE To measure NSE and IFN-α and IFN-ɣ as serum markers for BBB disruption and brain immune response activation, respectively, in patients undergoing laser ablation for recurrent high grade gliomas. METHODS Sixteen patients with recurrent HGG underwent laser ablation from 2/2017 to 12/2019. All 16 patients had gross total ablation of the contrast enhancing mass. Serum levels of NSE, IFN-α, IFN-ɣ were measured pre-operatively and at 24 hours, 2 weeks, and 8-16 weeks post-operatively, depending on adjuvant treatment received post-operatively. RESULTS Levels of NSE consistently increased 24 hours post-operatively (2.28±0.37 ng/ml) compared to pre-operative levels (1.62±0.29 ng/ml), p=0.032. Afterwards, NSE decreased and reached baseline by 2 weeks postoperatively (2 weeks- 1.67±0.29 ng/ml, 8 weeks- 1.85±0.91 ng/ml, 12 weeks- 0.81±0.33 ng/ml, 16 weeks- 1.23±0.93 ng/ml). Compared to their pre-operative levels, IFN-α and IFN-ɣ (85.46±35.29 and 1.62±0.47 pg/ml, respectively) did not display a significant difference in their serum levels (p=0.26-0.72 and 0.14-0.60, respectively, for IFN-α and IFN-ɣ) at any post-operative measurement time. Conclusions: Elevated NSE levels following laser ablation in HGG indicate a temporary disruption of the BBB that persists for approximately 2 weeks without eliciting an accompanying immune reaction in brain. Correlation studies with DCE-MRI are on-going.

Serum neuron specific enolase could predict subclinical brain damage and the subsequent occurrence of brain related vascular events during follow up in essential hypertension

2016 ◽  
Vol 363 ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina González-Quevedo ◽  
Sergio González-García ◽  
Zenaida Hernández-Díaz ◽  
Otman Fernández Concepción ◽  
Luis Quevedo Sotolongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Serum Neuron Specific Enolase

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Serum Neuron-Specific Enolase Level in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Elham Najmi ◽  
Eshak I. Bahbah ◽  
Ahmed Negida ◽  
Ahmed Afifi ◽  
Aireza Baratloo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Effect Estimate ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Serum Neuron Specific Enolase

Background: We aim to assess the predictive value of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) level in patients with acute ischemic stroke referring to the emergency department. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis performed, considering the PRISMA and MOOSE statement guidelines. A computerized literature search of the known medical database conducted by using the relevant keywords. We included studies published before November 2016 in which stroke patients compared with non-stroke controls and also studies evaluating the serum levels of NSE in the study groups. Statistical analysis was pooled in a random effect model analysis using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Results: We included 12 articles in the qualitative and quantitative analysis, that their quality acceptable based on the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS scale). The pooled effect estimates showed that NSE is significantly higher in ischemic stroke patients in comparison with their controls with a high effect estimate [OR 9.68, 95% CI (3.06 to 30.6)]. The effect estimate remained statistically significant under the fixed and random effects model. Conclusion: Our results show higher levels of NSE in patients with stroke than in the control group, indicating that NSE plays a role in the diagnosis of stroke. In terms of prognosis, there is evidence regarding the direct and indirect relationship; and it founded that serum levels of NSE is higher in larger stroke volume, which needs further research.

Serum levels and immunohistochemical data on neuron-specific enolase in patients with malignant melanoma.

1987 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-279
Author(s):  
Shuichi IKEKAWA ◽  
Kazuyuki ISHIHARA ◽  
Hisanao OHKURA ◽  
Takashi NAKAJIMA ◽  
Shigeo IKEDA
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Serum Levels

Changes in growth rate and thyroid- and sex-hormones blood levels in rats under sub-chronic lithium treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Allagui ◽  
N Hfaiedh ◽  
C Vincent ◽  
F Guermazi ◽  
J-C Murat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Vaginal Mucosa ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Dose Dependent

Lithium therapy, mainly used in curing some psychiatric diseases, is responsible for numerous undesirable side effects. The present study is a contribution to the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying lithium toxicity. Male and female mature rats were divided into three batches and fed commercial pellets: one batch was the control and the second and third batches were given 2 g (Li1) and 4 g (Li2) of lithium carbonate/kg of food/day, respectively. After 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, serum levels of free tri-iodothyronine (FT3), thyroxine (FT4), testosterone and estradiol were measured. Attention was also paid to growth rate and a histological examination of testes or vaginal mucosa was carried out. In treated rats, a dose-dependent loss of appetite and a decrease in growth rate were observed, together with symptoms of polydypsia, polyuria and diarrhea. Lithium serum concentrations increased from 0.44 mM (day 7) to 1.34 mM (day 28) in Li1 rats and from 0.66 to 1.45 mM (day 14) in Li2 rats. Li2 treatment induced a high mortality after 14 days, reaching 50-60% in female and male animals. From these data, the LD50 (14 days Li2 chronic treatment) was calculated to be about 0.3 g/day per kilogram of animal, leading to Li serum concentrations of about 1.4 mM. A significant decrease of FT3 and FT4 was observed in treated rats. This effect appeared immediately for the highest dose and was more pronounced for FT3, resulting in an increase of the FT4/FT3 ratio. In males, testosterone decreased and spermatogenesis was stopped. Conversely, in females, estradiol increased in a dose-dependent manner as the animals were blocked in the diestrus phase at day 28. This finding supports a possible antagonistic effect of lithium on the estradiol receptors.

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