scholarly journals Response of symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder to treatment with citalopram or placebo

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan J Stein ◽  
Elisabeth W Andersen ◽  
Kerstin Fredricson Overo
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE: There is increasing evidence that the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder lie on discrete dimensions. Relatively little work has, however, explored the relationship between such factors and response to pharmacotherapy. METHOD: Data from a multi-site randomized placebo-controlled study of citalopram in obsessive-compulsive disorder were analyzed. Factor analysis of individual items and symptom categories of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Checklist were undertaken, and the impact of symptom dimensions on treatment outcomes was analysed. RESULTS: Factor analysis of Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Checklist individual items yielded 5 factors (contamination/cleaning, harm/checking, aggressive/sexual/religious, hoarding/symmetry, and somatic/hypochondriacal). Hoarding/symmetry was associated with male gender, longer duration of obsessive-compulsive disorder and early onset, whereas contamination/cleaning was associated with female gender. Citalopram was more effective than placebo, but high scores on the symmetry/hoarding and contamination/cleaning subscales predicted worse outcome at the end of study while high scores on the aggressive/religious/sexual subscale predicted better outcome. Factor analysis of Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Checklist symptom clusters yielded a 4 factor solution, but confirmed that symmetry/ordering was associated with male gender, early onset, and long duration of obsessive-compulsive disorder while high scores on the hoarding subscale predicted worse response to pharmacotherapy. CONCLUSION: Citalopram shows good efficacy across the range of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptom dimensions. The relatively worse response of symmetry/hoarding to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor is consistent with other evidence that this symptom dimension is mediated by the dopamine system. There may be associations between symmetry/hoarding, male gender, early onset, tics, and particular genetic variants; further work is, however, needed to delineate fully obsessive-compulsive disorder subtypes and their underlying neurobiology.

Escitalopram in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Response of Symptom Dimensions to Pharmacotherapy

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 492-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan J. Stein ◽  
Paul D. Carey ◽  
Christine Lochner ◽  
Soraya Seedat ◽  
Naomi Fineberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Subscale Score ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

ABSTRACTIntroduction:There is a substantial body of evidence that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms can be grouped into a series of discrete dimensions, and some evidence that not all OCD symptom dimensions respond equally well to pharmacologic or psychotherapeutic intervention. The response of OCD symptom dimensions to 12 weeks of treatment with escitalopram or placebo was investigated.Methods:Data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of escitalopram in 466 adults with OCD were analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis of individual items of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale checklist was performed and subscale scores based on the extracted factors were determined. Analyses of covariance were undertaken to determine whether inclusion of each subscale score in these models impacted on the efficacy of escitalopram versus placebo.Results:Exploratory factor analysis of individual Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale items yielded 5 factors (contamination/cleaning, harm/checking, hoarding/symmetry, religious/sexual, and somatic/hypochondriacal). Analyses of covariance including all the subscales demonstrated that escitalopram was more effective than placebo. There was a significant interaction for the hoarding/symmetry factor, which was associated with a poor treatment response.Conclusion:Escitalopram shows good efficacy across the range of OCD symptom dimensions. Nevertheless, hoarding/symmetry was associated with a poorer treatment response. Hoarding/symmetry may be particularly characteristic of an early-onset group of OCD patients, with the involvement of neurotransmitters other than serotonin. Further work is needed to delineate fully the subtypes of OCD, and their correlates with underlying psychobiology and treatment responsivity.

Impact of brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism and response to escitalopram or paroxetine in obsessive–compulsive disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ghina Harika-Germaneau ◽  
Nicolas Langbour ◽  
Sylvie Patri ◽  
Marcello Solinas ◽  
Armand Chatard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Val66met Polymorphism ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Symptom Dimension ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by its heterogeneous nature and by different dimensions of obsessive–compulsive (OC) symptoms. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) are used to treat OCD, but up to 40% to 60% of patients do not show a significant improvement with these medications. In this study, we aimed to test the impact of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism on the efficacy of antidepressants in OCD overall, and in relation to the different OC dimensions. Methods In a 6-month prospective treatment study, 69 Caucasian OCD patients were treated with escitalopram for 24 weeks or with escitalopram for 12 weeks followed by paroxetine for an additional 12-week period. Patients were genotyped and assessed for treatment response. The main clinical outcomes were improvement of the Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale score and in different OC symptom dimension scores. Results The Val/Val group comprised 43 (62%) patients, the Val/Met and Met/Met group comprised 26 (38%) patients. Forty-two patients were classified as responders at 12 weeks and 38 at 24 weeks; no significant association was found between BDNF Val66Met and SRIs response at 12 and 24 weeks. In analyses of the different OC symptom dimensions, the Met allele was associated with a slightly reduced score in the aggressive/checking dimension at 6 months (P = .048). Conclusions Our findings do not support the usefulness of BDNF Val66Met genotyping to predict overall response to treatment with SRIs in OCD; they did however suggest a better outcome at 6 months for the aggressive/checking symptom dimension for patients carrying the Met allele.

Symptom Dimensions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Factor Analysis on a Clinician-Rated Scale and a Self-Report Measure

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiaan Denys ◽  
Femke de Geus ◽  
Harold J.G.M. van Megen ◽  
Herman G.M. Westenberg
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Report Measure

scholarly journals The impact of symptom dimensions on outcome for exposure and ritual prevention therapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monnica T. Williams ◽  
Samantha G. Farris ◽  
Eric N. Turkheimer ◽  
Martin E. Franklin ◽  
H. Blair Simpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Prevention Therapy ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Clinical expression of obsessive-compulsive disorder in women with bipolar disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cilly Klüger Issler ◽  
José Antonio de Mello Siqueira Amaral ◽  
Renata Sayuri Tamada ◽  
Angela Maria Schwartzmann ◽  
Roseli Gedanke Shavitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Young Mania ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

OBJECTIVE: To study clinical and psychopathological features of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in women with bipolar disorder (BD). METHODS: Fifteen outpatients with concurrent bipolar disorder I (80.0%) or II (20.0%) and obsessive-compulsive disorder were studied. Most of them (80.0%) sought treatment for bipolar disorder. They were ascertained by means of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID/P), semi-structured interviews to investigate obsessions, compulsions and sensory phenomena that may precede compulsions and an additional module for the diagnosis of chronic motor and vocal tics. Severity of symptoms was assessed by the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Rating Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Young Mania Rating Scale. RESULTS: Obsessive-compulsive disorder presented early onset (before the age of 10) in 9 (60%) cases, preceded bipolar disorder in 10 (66.7%) and displayed chronic waxing and waning course in 13 (86.7%) of them. There was wide overlap between types of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and all patients experienced sensory phenomena preceding the compulsions. There was no clear-cut impact of depressive and manic episodes on the intensity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, which increased in depression and decreased in mania in 40.0% of the cases, had the opposite pattern in 26.7% of the patients and fluctuated inconsistently in the rest of them. Tics disorders were diagnosed in 5 (33.3%) patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that in women with comorbid bipolar disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder the latter presents features that may be typical of the association of the two disorders, such as early onset and sensory phenomena preceding compulsions. A prospective controlled study is necessary to confirm these observations, due to some limitations of our study: small exclusively female sample, heterogeneity concerning the type of bipolar disorder and the disorder that determined sought of treatment and retrospective non-controlled design.

Reducing the Social Stigma Associated with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Controlled Trial of an Intervention Program in a Turkish Community Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
Ayça Aktaç Gürbüz ◽  
Orçun YORULMAZ ◽  
Gülşah DURNA
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Case Vignette ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Scientific research into the reduction of stigmatization, particularly related to specific problems such as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), is scarce. In the present study, we examine the impact of a video-based antistigma intervention program for OCD in a pretest-posttest control group research. After being randomly assigned to either an intervention (n= 101) or control group (n= 96), the participants reported their attitudes on a hypothetical case vignette before and after OCD vs. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) videos, and again six months later as a follow up assessment. The mixed design analyses for the group comparisons indicated that although there was no significant difference in the measures of the control group, the participants watching the anti-stigma OCD video, in which the focus was psychoeducation and interaction strategies, reported significantly lower scores on social distances and negative beliefs for the case vignettes they read, and this difference was maintained six months later. Then, the present results indicate the effectiveness of our anti-stigma intervention program for OCD. Interventions to reduce stigmatization can also be viewed as effective tools for changing the attitudes of people toward OCD, although further research and applications are needed related to specific disorders if a longlasting impact is to be achieved.

Pupil with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-25
Author(s):  
Karolina Diallo
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
School Performance ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Pupil with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Over the past twenty years childhood OCD has received more attention than any other anxiety disorder that occurs in the childhood. The increasing interest and research in this area have led to increasing number of diagnoses of OCD in children and adolescents, which affects both specialists and teachers. Depending on the severity of symptoms OCD has a detrimental effect upon child's school performance, which can lead almost to the impossibility to concentrate on school and associated duties. This article is devoted to the obsessive-compulsive disorder and its specifics in children, focusing on the impact of this disorder on behaviour, experience and performance of the child in the school environment. It mentions how important is the role of the teacher in whose class the pupil with this diagnosis is and it points out that it is necessary to increase teachers' competence to identify children with OCD symptoms, to take the disease into the account, to adapt the course of teaching and to introduce such measures that could help children reduce the anxiety and maintain (or increase) the school performance within and in accordance with the school regulations and curriculum.

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