scholarly journals Review of literature of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with comorbid eating disorders

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Palazzo Nazar ◽  
Camilla Moreira de Sousa Pinna ◽  
Gabriel Coutinho ◽  
Daniel Segenreich ◽  
Monica Duchesne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

OBJECTIVE: According to studies of prevalence, up to 70% of adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder have at least one psychiatric comorbidity, which leads to diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties as well as more severe functional impairment. There is a paucity of data on the comorbidity of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders. The objective of this study was to review the literature regarding the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder/eating disorders comorbidity, performing a critical analysis of relevant data. METHOD: Articles in Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, ISI and PsycINFO databases from 1980 up to 2008, were searched. The references from the articles were used as additional sources of data. RESULTS: Fourteen articles were found: five prevalence studies, four case reports, three case-control studies, one symptom-assessment study of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders, and one article regarding possible causes of the association between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders. These articles suggested that adult women with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder are at higher risk of developing eating disorders, especially bulimia nervosa. Bulimia Nervosa rates found in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder groups ranged from 1% to 12%, versus 0% to 2% in control groups. CONCLUSIONS: Although there seems to be a relationship between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders, the reduced number of studies available, with various methodologies, and small sample sizes limit the generalization of the findings.

The impact of psychiatric co-morbidity in the treatment of bipolar disorder: focus on co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna I. Guerdjikova ◽  
Paul E. Keck ◽  
Susan L. McElroy
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
The Impact

Bipolar disorder (BD) commonly co-occurs with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and eating disorders (EDs) in adolescents and in adults. The aim of this chapter is to summarize the available data regarding prevalence, clinical presentation, and psychological and pharmacological treatment of such complicated cases. Results of randomized controlled and open-label trials and case reports are reviewed. The main therapeutic goal when treating BD co-morbid with ADHD or ED is selecting a treatment strategy effective in the management of both syndromes, or at the minimum, selecting one that treats one syndrome without exacerbating the other. Controlled data are scarce. Various classes of medications, including stimulants, atomoxetine, bupropion, and wakefulness-provoking agents, might hold promise as adjunctive medication in improving ADHD symptoms in euthymic BD patients. The specificities of the ED, namely the predominance of undereating or overeating, need to be considered when selecting agents in the treatment of BD co-morbid with EDs.

Treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children with CHD

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Alyson R. Pierick ◽  
Melodie Lynn ◽  
Courtney M. McCracken ◽  
Matthew E. Oster ◽  
Glen J. Iannucci
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
General Population ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Supraventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Introduction: The prevalence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the general population is common and is now diagnosed in 4%–12% of children. Children with CHD have been shown to be at increased risk for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Case reports have led to concern regarding the use of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder medications in children with underlying CHD. We hypothesised that medical therapy for patients with CHD and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is safe. Methods: A single-centre, retrospective chart review was performed evaluating for adverse events in patients aged 4–21 years with CHD who received attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder therapy over a 5-year span. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of CHD and concomitant medical therapy with amphetamines, methylphenidate, or atomoxetine. Patients with trivial or spontaneously resolved CHD were excluded from analysis. Results: In 831 patients with CHD who received stimulants with a mean age of 12.9 years, there was only one adverse cardiovascular event identified. Using sensitivity analysis, our median follow-up time was 686 days and a prevalence rate of 0.21% of adverse events. This episode consisted of increased frequency of supraventricular tachycardia in a patient who had this condition prior to initiation of medical therapy; the condition improved with discontinuation of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder therapy. Conclusion: The incidence of significant adverse cardiovascular events in our population was similar to the prevalence of supraventricular tachycardia in the general population. Our single-centre experience demonstrated no increased risk in adverse events related to medical therapy for children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and underlying CHD. Further population-based studies are indicated to validate these findings.

Improvement of facial affect recognition in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder under methylphenidate

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Beyer von Morgenstern ◽  
Ingrid Becker ◽  
Judith Sinzig
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Aetiological Factor ◽  
Affect Recognition ◽  
Facial Affect Recognition ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant

Introduction and HypothesisSome authors draw a connection between the dopaminergic pathways and emotional perception. The present study is based on that association and addresses the question whether methylphenidate and the resulting amelioration of the disturbed dopamine metabolism lead to an improvement of the facial affect recognition abilities in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodsA computer test was conducted on 21 participants, aged 7–14 years and with a diagnosis of ADHD – some with comorbid oppositional defiant disorder – conducted the FEFA (Frankfurt Test and Training of Facial Affect), a computer test to examine their facial affect recognition abilities. It consists of two subtests, one with faces and one with eye pairs. All participants were tested in a double-blind cross-over study, once under placebo and once under methylphenidate.Results and DiscussionThe collected data showed that methylphenidate leads to amelioration of facial affect recognition abilities, but not on a significant level. Reasons for missing significance may be the small sample size or the fact that there exists some overlapping in cerebral connections and metabolic pathways of the site of action of methylphenidate and the affected dopaminergic areas in ADHD. However, consistent with the endophenotype concept, certain gene locations of the dopaminergic metabolism as both an aetiological factor for ADHD and the deficient facial affect recognition abilities with these individuals were considered. Consulting current literature they were found to be not concordant. Therefore, we conclude that the lacking significance of the methylphenidate affect on facial affect recognition is based on this fact.

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