Selection of endophytic fungi from comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) for in vitro biological control of the phytopathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.)

A wild-type isolate of Epicoccum purpurascens was exposed to shortwave ultraviolet light. One of the resulting cultures (M-20-A) was grown on media amended with the fungicides iprodione or vinclozolin and fungicide-tolerant strains were obtained. Several comparisons were made between new strains and the wild type. Sporulation was improved compared with the wild type. Strains varied in their tolerance to iprodione and vinclozolin but were not tolerant to the fungicide benomyl. Strains R4000, 16-B, and 7-A inhibited Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro more than either the wild type or M-20-A, and exhibited improved control of white mold of bean in the greenhouse compared with M-20-A. Key words: biological control, fungicide resistance, white mold, iprodione, vinclozolin.

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Selection of Trichoderma spp. strains for the control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soybean

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2017001200002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (12) ◽

pp. 1140-1148 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Patrícia Elias Haddad ◽

Luis Garrigós Leite ◽

Cleusa Maria Mantovanello Lucon ◽

Ricardo Harakava

Keyword(s):

Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Harmful Effect ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Selection Of

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate, in vitro and in vivo, the potential of Trichoderma spp. strains to control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soybeans (Glycine max) and to perform the molecular identification of the best perfoming strains. The effect of 120 strains of Trichoderma spp. on the viability of S. sclerotiorum sclerotia was evaluated in vitro through immersion in suspension of conidia from the antagonists and plating in culture medium. The best performing strains were evaluated in vivo, in a greenhouse, for control of the pathogen inoculated on 'Pintado' soybean seeds and plants. Of the 120 strains tested in vitro, 22 strains of Trichoderma spp. caused 100% inhibition of sclerotia germination. In the greenhouse, five strains inhibited the negative effect of the pathogen on seed germination and two strains increased in up to 67% plant dry matter. The best performing strains were identified as T. koningiopsis (3 strains), T. asperelloides (3), T. atroviride (2), and T. virens (1). Trichoderma strains are able to protect soybean plants from the harmful effect of S. sclerotiorum and, at the same time, they can promote the growth of the aerial part in greenhouse conditions.

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In vitro Selection of Maize Rhizobacteria to Study Potential Biological Control of Aspergillus Section Flavi and Aflatoxin Production

European Journal of Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s10658-005-5548-3 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 113 (2) ◽

pp. 159-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Andrea V. Nesci ◽

Romina V. Bluma ◽

Miriam G. Etcheverry

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

In Vitro Selection ◽

Aflatoxin Production ◽

Aspergillus Section Flavi ◽

Selection Of ◽

Aspergillus Section

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Selection of antagonists for biocontrol of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria

Acta periodica technologica ◽

10.2298/apt2051181p ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 181-189

Author(s):

Ivana Pajcin ◽

Vanja Vlajkov ◽

Dragoljub Cvetkovic ◽

Maja Ignjatov ◽

Mila Grahovac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Plant Disease ◽

Plant Pathogens ◽

Plant Diseases ◽

Bacterial Spot ◽

Cultivation Medium ◽

Microbial Strains ◽

Xanthomonas Euvesicatoria ◽

Selection Of

Xanthomonas euvesicatoria is a worldwide causer of pepper bacterial spot, a bacterial plant disease responsible for massive losses of fresh pepper fruits. Considering the current problems in management of bacterial plant diseases, biological control using antagonistic microbial strains with high potential for plant pathogens suppression emerges as a possible solution. The aim of this study was to select suitable antagonists for suppression of X. euvesicatoria among the bacteria, yeast and fungi from the genera Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces and Trichoderma, based on in vitro antimicrobial activity testing using the diffusion disc method. The results of this study have revealed that cultivation broth samples of the antagonists Lactobacillus MK3 and Trichoderma reseii QM 9414, as well as supernatant samples of the antagonist Pseudomonas aeruginosa I128, have showed significant potential to be applied in biological control of X. euvesicatoria. Further research would be required to formulate suitable cultivation medium and optimize bioprocess conditions for production of the proposed pepper bacterial spot biocontrol agents.

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Isolation of Endophytic Fungi from Vitex trifolia L and Antagonism Test against Sclerotium rolfsii and pathogenic bacteria

JURNAL BIOLOGI TROPIS ◽

10.29303/jbt.v21i1.2340 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 72

Author(s):

Muhammad Hasan Basri ◽

Lalu Zulkifli ◽

Abdul Syukur

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Endophytic Fungi ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Pathogenic Fungus ◽

Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Environmental Friendly ◽

Low Activity

Plant damage by pathogenic fungi is often found in plants, one of which is caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. Biological control strategy offers a promising alternative for managing disease in plants because they are environmental friendly compared to pesticides application. One of the biological control offered is by using endophytic fungi isolated from Vitex trivolia L. The aim of the study was to isolate, to identify macroscopic and microscopic endophytic fungi from Vitex trifolia L and to test their antagonism potency against the pathogenic fungus Sclerotium rolfsii in vitro. The isolation obtained 7 endophytic fungi isolates identified based on their genus characteristics, nsmely Periconia sp, Aspergillussp, Dendrophoma sp, Geotrichum sp, Ampulliferina sp, Chalara sp, dan Bispora sp and 2 isolates have not been identified. The Antibacterial test of the fungi isolate on the 4 tested bacteria showed that of all the fungi isolate have low activity. The antagonism test using the direct opposition method with the PIRG formula, showed that the 3 isolates had high percentage of growth inhibition, in which ALJ1, BLJ5, and ALJ3 isolate has 85%, 90%, and 100% respectively. This potency could be used as biological agents on the pathogenic fungus Sclerotium rolfsii.

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In vitro mutation and selection of doubled-haploid Brassica napus lines with improved resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Plant Cell Reports ◽

10.1007/s00299-005-0925-0 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 133-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

S. Liu ◽

H. Wang ◽

J. Zhang ◽

B. D. L. Fitt ◽

Z. Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽

Doubled Haploid ◽

Selection Of ◽

Mutation And Selection

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New isolates of Trichoderma antagonistic to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2016-0218 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eder Marques ◽

Irene Martins ◽

Mariana de Oliveira Cardoso Cunha ◽

Marcello Arrais Lima ◽

João Batista Tavares da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Information System ◽

Genetic Resources ◽

Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽

Antagonistic Activity ◽

Biocontrol Agents ◽

Complete Inhibition ◽

Its Sequences ◽

White Mold

Abstract Forty-nine isolates of Trichoderma from the Brazilian Midwest were evaluated for their antagonistic activity in vitro against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (causal agent of white mold), which were then identified based on their nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. Paired culture tests showed that all isolates exhibited some antagonism, with a maximum of 77% mycelial inhibition and complete inhibition of sclerotia production. Two isolates were found to be the most promising biocontrol agents, considering both antagonistic parameters (CEN1253 - T. koningiopsis and CEN1265 - T. brevicompactum). Five different species were identified: T. harzianum (23), T. spirale (9), T. koningiopsis (8), T. brevicompactum (7) and T. asperellum (2). These isolates are stored in the Embrapa Fungi Collection for Biological Control and the information obtained in the experiments will be incorporated into the database of biological assets within the genetic resources information system (Allele) and be made available for further studies.

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Selection of Trichoderma isolates for biological control of Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum in lettuce

Summa Phytopathologica ◽

10.1590/0100-5405/2147 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 216-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Luciana Mecatti Elias ◽

Manuel Victor P. F. Domingues ◽

Karina Elaine de Moura ◽

Ricardo Harakava ◽

Flávia Rodrigues Alves Patricio

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Agar Medium ◽

Sclerotinia Minor ◽

Predominant Species ◽

Laboratory Conditions ◽

Lettuce Drop ◽

Lettuce Cultivar ◽

Trichoderma Isolates ◽

Selection Of

ABSTRACT Lettuce drop is one of the most important and difficult-to-control diseases affecting lettuce in Brazil and worldwide. This study was carried out to select Trichoderma isolates antagonistic to Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum, aiming to develop biological control for this pathosystem in Brazil. Thirty-one Trichoderma isolates were obtained with the use of baits and were tested under laboratory conditions for their ability to control S. minor and S. sclerotiorum in seedlings of lettuce cultivar Tainá cultured in Petri dishes containing water-agar medium. Subsequently, four isolates effective for control and showing high sporulation under laboratory conditions were evaluated in greenhouse in two experiments carried out with both pathogens in lettuce seedlings of the same cultivar. Twenty-two isolates showed ability to control S. minor and S. sclerotiorum in the in vitro experiments. The isolates tested under greenhouse conditions, identified as T. asperellum (IBLF 897, IBLF 904 and IBLF 914) and T. asperelloides (IBLF 908), reduced lettuce drop of seedlings caused by both pathogens but were more effective against S. minor. Biological control is a promising technology for the management of lettuce drop, especially because S. minor is the predominant species in infested lettuce fields in Brazil.

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