scholarly journals Skeletal variability of the coral Favia gravida (Verrill, 1868) from Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Duarte Amaral ◽  
Carla Alecrim Colaço Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Morphological Plasticity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Canonical Discriminant Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Terrigenous Sediments ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Intercolony Variation

The skeletal variability of the coral Favia gravida, a species endemic to Brazil, was quantitatively described including populations from three locations: Tamandaré (state of Pernambuco), Abrolhos (state of Bahia), and Santa Cruz (state of Espírito Santo). Ten colonies were collected from each population and fourteen morphological characters were measured from ten corallites per colony. The results of univariate (among 14 skeletal characters, 7 showed p < 0.05) analysis provide evidence to suggest that F. gravida has considerable morphological plasticity, which may explain its ability to adapt to different ecological conditions. The species also displays polymorphism within and between colonies of each population. Intercolony variation within populations was relevant for most of the variables measured. Canonical discriminant analysis (r = 0.8648) showed that the population farthest offshore (Abrolhos) was distinct from the other two (Tamandaré and Santa Cruz), which have been affected by terrigenous sediments carried from the coast. Specimens from Santa Cruz displayed the highest degree of meandrinization.

A taxonomic investigation of Hordeum arizonicum (Poaceae: Triticeae) with reference to related species

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1848-1855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard R. Baum ◽  
L. Grant Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Canonical Discriminant Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Monophyletic Group

The perennial, hexaploid, wild barley, Hordeum arizonicum Covas, which is confined to southern Arizona, southeastern California near Airzona, and probably in adjacent parts of Mexico, has been investigated. Since some recent barley workers stated that H. arizonicum is threatened with extinction, its morphology, distribution, and habitats are documented. A key to H. arizonicum and related species is presented. Earlier reports on putative parentage of H. arizonicum are reconsidered in view of refined taxonomic knowledge of H. pusillum and H. jubatum. Possible parental species include the diploids H. pusillum or H. intercedens as one parent and the tetraploids H. brachyantherum, H. caespitosum, or H. jubatum as the other parent. Inference of parentage is based on canonical discriminant analysis and on cladistic analysis "in reverse," i.e., taking H. arizonicum, a hexaploid, as the root of an upside-down monophyletic group leading to a tetraploid branch and a diploid branch. Strategies for further exploration of H. arizonicum and its conservation are briefly discussed.

Size At Sexual Maturity and Morphometric Variability in Three Populations of a Ustropotamobi Us Pallipes Pallipes (Lereboullet, 1858) According To a Restocking Strategy

Crustaceana ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Romain ◽  
J.P. Mocquard ◽  
C. Souty-Grosset ◽  
F. Grandjean
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Allometric Equation ◽  
Canonical Discriminant Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Size At Sexual Maturity ◽  
Reference Parameter ◽  
Two Populations

AbstractSize at sexual maturity was determined by the allometric equation in three populations of Austropotamobius pallipes pallipes from the Poitou-Charentes region, France. Seven morphological characters were measured and POL (post orbital length) was used as a reference parameter. The puberal moult was identified by changes in the relative growth of CW (claw width) and CL (claw length) in both sexes. Males have shown variation of the relative growth of CW and CL at 19.15 mm of POL for the Gatineau (Gat) stream, 20.1 mm of POL for the Magnerolle (Mag) and 20.3 mm for the Fontaine Saint-Pierre (Fsp) populations, respectively. Sexual maturity of females occurred at 16.17 mm POL for the Fsp, 18.2 mm for the Mag and for the Gat. Geographic variation in A. pallipes was investigated using multivariate analysis of five morphometric characters on mature specimens. By canonical discriminant analysis, the Mag population was distinct from the other two populations. Results are discussed with regard to restocking strategy.

scholarly journals Organizational identification, commitment and orientations of professional military personnell

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 871-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Todorovic ◽  
Milanko Cabarkapa ◽  
Milica Tosic-Radev ◽  
Ines Miladinovic
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Organizational Identification ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Canonical Discriminant Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Military Organization ◽  
Civil Sector ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Military

Background/Aim. All military organizations seek such employees who will advocate for the organization's mission and act responsibly in the direction of achieving the objectives of operational and working groups to which they belong. Accordingly, the primary task of the military organization management is not only the cultivation of the members who would be committed to the organization, but also the officers and soldiers who identify with the organizational mission. The aim of this study was to examine differences in organizational identification, commitment to the organization and organizational orientations of the professional military personnel and employees in service and administrative activities. Methods. The research sample consisted of 450 respondents, of whom 150 were professional soldiers, 150 civilian employees in the service sector and 150 employees in the civil sector in administration. For statistical analysis of the data, the analysis of variance and canonical discriminant analysis were used. Results. Professional military personnel was characterized by a high degree of both organizational commitment and organizational identification, compared with employees in the civil sector - service and administrative activities. Through the process of canonical discriminant analysis, it was found that the professional military personnel are different from the other personnel in the sense that they identify with their colleagues and they feel a high degree of loyalty to the military organization, as key aspects of organizational identification. In addition, professional military personnel have pronounced affective commitment to the organization. Conclusion. Human resources are the key and the essential factor of advantage in the context of strong competitiveness in the field of military defense's reality. Given that they are more adaptable and flexible, compared with the technological and structural resources, a high degree of experienced similarity with the other members of the organization, pronounced loyalty and affective commitment to the organization, to a large extent guarantee new successes and the progress of the military organization.

Vegetation of sandy outcrops in Pechora tundra

2008 ◽  
pp. 39-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Kuljugina
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Diverse Communities ◽  
Geographical Position

The paper deals with the syntaxonomy of vegetation on the sandy outcrops in the Pechora (Malozemelskaya and Bolshezemelskaya) tundra. The vegetation was classified using the Brown-Blanke approach. Communities were referred to 3 associations: Arctostaphylo alpini—Empetretum hermaphroditi (Zinserling 1935) Koroleva 1994, Elymo—Festucetum arenariae (Regel 1923) Nordhagen 1955 and Rumici graminifoliae—Festucetum sabulosae ass. nov. Five new variants were suggested within the first association and 2 subassociations and 4 variants within the last one. Syntaxon description and phytocoenological tables are presented. The vegetation on each sandy outcrops represents a complex of communities fragmentary located on the scars area. Subass. inops of ass. Rumici graminifoliae—Festucetum sabulosae is more common in the Ortina river basin and occurs at the bottom of blowing hollows. Syntaxa of ass. Elymo—Festucetum arenariae and var. Festuca rubra of ass. Rumici graminifoliae—Festucetum sabulosae are situated at the mobile sands in the central part, while var. Arctous alpina of ass. Rumici graminifoliae—Festucetum sabulosae occurs on a periphery of out­crops where substratum is stable. The variants inops and typicum of ass. Arctostaphylo alpini—Empetretum hermaphroditi occuring in the Sedujyakha river basin occur mostly in the centre of sandy outcrops, and the other ones can be met on their periphery. Ecological conditions determine poor diversity of syntaxa of the association level. Geographical position (the Sedujyakha river basin belongs to the northern hypoarctic tundras, the Ortina river basin — to the southern hypoarctic ones), geomorphology (in the first site — tops of hills and ridges, in the second one — watershed areas) and area of sandy outcrops (200—3000 m2 for the first and 61000—418000 m2 for the second site respectively) are the reasons for the less diverse communities found in each study site. A great number of variants is conditioned by succession stages of vegetation and instability of the substrates.

UV ability to inactivate microorganisms combined with factors affecting radiation

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Shaban ◽  
G. E. El-Taweel ◽  
G. H. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Scenedesmus Obliquus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Dark Repair ◽  
Nile Water

In the present study, the effect of UV radiation on the inactivation of a range of microorganisms was studied. Each organism was seeded into sterile tap water and exposed to UV in batch experiments with changing turbidities. In addition, the effect of UV on microbial communities in river Nile water was examined. It was found that 1min contact time (0.5L/min flow rate) was effective against vegetative cells levels almost reaching zero (except with Staphylococcus aureus). On the other hand, spore-forming bacteria, Candida albicans and coliphage were more resistant to UV. This contact time caused coenobia cells in single form with Scenedesmus obliquus while for Microcystis aeruginosa colonies broke into smaller groups. Exposure of Nile water microbial communities to UV showed that yeasts and Aeromonas survived better than the other organisms while in the phytoplankton partial fragmentation occurred in some algal groups. The protective effect of turbidity differed between organisms, with increased contact time under conditions of stable turbidity having no effect on the organisms. At 20 NTU the UV radiation had no effect on the morphological characters of algal cells. In reactivation experiments, it is clear that photoreactivation, and not dark repair, takes place with bacterial cells. Only coliphage had no photoreactivation and dark repair responses although with coliphage and host, both reactivation processes worked well. Moreover, the irradiated algae regained their normal shape after 3 days in suitable media and enough light.

The influence of wing morphology and echolocation on the gleaning ability of the insectivorous bat Myotis tricolor

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1854-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Stoffberg ◽  
David S Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Myotis Lucifugus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wing Morphology ◽  
Echolocation Calls ◽  
Narrow Bandwidth ◽  
Mole Crickets ◽  
Wing Tips ◽  
Wing Tip

On the basis of its external morphology, Myotis tricolor (Temminck, 1832) should be able to both aerial-feed and glean. Furthermore, this bat is known to use broadband calls of short duration, reinforcing the prediction that it gleans. However, results from this study indicate that M. tricolor does not commonly glean. This conclusion was reached after studying the foraging behaviour of M. tricolor in a flight room. We presented M. tricolor with mealworms, moths, mole crickets, beetles, and cicadas in a variety of ways that required either gleaning and (or) aerial feeding. Although M. tricolor readily took tethered prey, it did not take any of the variety of insects presented to it in a manner that required gleaning. We therefore compared its wing morphology and echolocation calls with those of several known gleaners, Nycteris thebaica E. Geoffroy, 1818, Myotis lucifugus (Le Conte, 1831), and Myotis septentrionalis (Trouessart, 1897), and an aerial forager, Neoromicia capensis (A. Smith, 1829). In a discriminant analysis wing-tip shape was the only variable to provide some degree of discrimination between species, with M. tricolor having more pointed wing tips than the known gleaners. Discriminant analysis of echolocation-call parameters grouped M. tricolor with the other Myotis species and separated it from N. capensis and N. thebaica. However, M. tricolor did not use harmonics as did the other Myotis species. The apparent failure of M. tricolor to glean might therefore be due to its relatively pointed wings and narrow-bandwidth echolocation calls, owing to the absence of harmonics in its calls.

Phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily Hylodinae (Anura, Leptodactylidae) based on morphological characters

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca do Val ◽  
Paulo Nuin
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Family

AbstractThe systematics and phylogenetic relationships of the family Leptodactylidae are controversial as is the intrafamilial phylogeny of the leptodactylids. Here we analyze the relationships of the leptodactylid subfamily Hylodinae. This subfamily has been considered to be monophyletic and composed of three genera, Hylodes, Crossodactylus and Megaelosia. In the present study 49 characters were used, based on different studies on Leptodactylidae phylogeny. Maximum parsimony methods with unweighted and successively weighted characters were used to estimate the phylogeny of the Hylodinae. Upon analysis, the data provided further evidence of the monophyletic status of the three genera, with Megaelosia being the basal genus and the other two genera being sister taxa. The analysis with successive weighting results in a more resolved topology of the species subgroups of the genus Hylodes and separates this genus from Crossodactylus and confirms that the hylodines are monophyletic.

scholarly journals Nothing in (sponge) biology makes sense – except when based on holotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Erpenbeck ◽  
Merrick Ekins ◽  
Nicole Enghuber ◽  
John N.A. Hooper ◽  
Helmut Lehnert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Morphological Plasticity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Reference Sequences ◽  
Species Descriptions ◽  
Preservation History

Sponge species are infamously difficult to identify for non-experts due to their high morphological plasticity and the paucity of informative morphological characters. The use of molecular techniques certainly helps with species identification, but unfortunately it requires prior reference sequences. Holotypes constitute the best reference material for species identification, however their usage in molecular systematics and taxonomy is scarce and frequently not even attempted, mostly due to their antiquity and preservation history. Here we provide case studies in which we demonstrate the importance of using holotype material to answer phylogenetic and taxonomic questions. We also demonstrate the possibility of sequencing DNA fragments out of century-old holotypes. Furthermore we propose the deposition of DNA sequences in conjunction with new species descriptions.

A giant within Carpocorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae): Description of Adustonotus graziae sp. nov.

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4958 (1) ◽  
pp. 489-502
Author(s):  
FILIPE MICHELS BIANCHI
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Internal Genitalia ◽  
Evidence Analysis ◽  
Heteroptera Pentatomidae

The Carpocorini are distributed worldwide, and it is one of the most speciose tribes within the Pentatomidae with 127 genera and more than 500 valid species. Recently, Adustonotus Bianchi was described to contain eight species formerly placed within Euschistus Dallas. Among them, Adustonotus grandis (Rolston) and Adustonotus latus (Dallas) are remarkable for their large size. Herein, the phylogenetic position of a new taxon is inferred by a total evidence analysis based on 85 morphological characters and four molecular markers. Adustonotus graziae sp. nov. is described, and is recovered in a polytomic lineage, including A. grandis and A. latus. These species share a solid combination of features that enable them to be separated from the other Adustonotus species (e.g., large size, the humeral angles spatulate and exceptionally produced, and the capsula seminalis shortened). Illustrations of external and internal genitalia, and a distributional map are provided. 

Taxonomic application of macro and micro morphological characters of seeds in Astragalus L. (Galegeae, Fabaceae) in India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 502 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-207
Author(s):  
SHIVANI KASHYAP ◽  
CHANDAN KUMAR SAHU ◽  
ROHIT KUMAR VERMA ◽  
LAL BABU CHAUDHARY
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Morphological Plasticity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Scanning Electron

Due to large size and enormous morphological plasticity, the taxonomy of the genus Astragalus is very complex and challenging. The identification and grouping of species chiefly based on macromorphological characters become sometimes difficult in the genus. In the present study, the micromorphology of the seeds of 30 species belonging to 14 sections of Astragalus from India has been examined applying scanning electron microscopy (SEM) along with light microscopy (LM) to evaluate their role in identification and classification. Attention was paid to colour, shape, size and surface of seeds. The overall size of the seeds ranges from 1.5–3.2 × 0.8–2.2 mm. The shape of the seeds is cordiform, deltoid, mitiform, orbicular, ovoid and reniform. The colour of seeds varies from brown to blackish-brown to black. Papillose, reticulate, ribbed, rugulate and stellate patterns were observed on the seed coat surface (spermoderm) among different species. The study reveals that the seed coat ornamentations have evolved differently among species and do not support the subgeneric and sectional divisions of the genus. However, they add an additional feature to the individual species, which may help in identification in combination with other macro-morphological features.

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