Local fish extinction in a small tropical lake in Brazil

Abstract We compiled data on fish fauna of the Ivaí River basin from recent specialised literature, standardised sampling and records of species deposited in fish collections. There were 118 fish species of eight orders and 29 families. Of these, 100 species are autochthonous (84.8%), 13, allochthonous (11.0%) and five, exotic (4.2%). The main causes for the occurrence of non-native species are escapes from aquaculture, introduction for fishing purposes and the construction of the Itaipu hydroelectric plant. The predominance of small and medium-sized Characiformes and Siluriformes, including 13 species new to science, accounts for approximately 11.0% of all species and 13.0% of all native species. About 10.2% of all species and 12.0% of all native species are endemic to the upper stretch of the Ivaí River, isolated by numerous waterfalls in tributary rivers and streams. The Ivaí River basin is subjected to various anthropogenic interferences such as pollution, eutrophication, siltation, construction of dams, flood control, fisheries, species introduction and release of fingerlings. These activities raise concerns about biodiversity of Brazilian inland waters especially regarding the fish fauna; the basin of the Ivaí River already has species classified in categories of extinction risk: Brycon nattereri and Apareiodon vladii (Vulnerable) and Characidium heirmostigmata and Steindachneridion scriptum (Endangered). The high species richness of native fish, endemism of some, high environmental heterogeneity, high risk of extinction and lack of knowledge of several other species along with the eminent human activities raise the need to enrich the scientific knowledge for future conservation efforts for the studied basin.

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O URBANISMO COMO ECONOMIA POLÍTICA DO/NO ESPAÇO: REFLEXÕES A PARTIR DO PROCESSO DE METROPOLIZAÇÃO DE BELO HORIZONTE

GEOgraphia ◽

10.22409/geographia2021.v23i51.a14337 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (51) ◽

Author(s):

Thiago Andrade Santos

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Political Knowledge ◽

Metropolitan Region ◽

Production Of Space ◽

Urban And Regional Planning ◽

The Past ◽

Northern Portion ◽

Belo Horizonte ◽

State Interventions

Este estudo discute o processo de produção do espaço de Belo Horizonte, tendo como fio condutor a análise da ação conjunta entre Estado e capital. Mostra-se, a partir do caso prático de Belo Horizonte, que, no processo de modernização e metropolização contemporâneos, a espoliação dos mais pobres continua a ocorrer. Nesse processo, o urbanismo, travestido de planejamento urbano e regional, planejamento estratégico etc., assume seu papel de saber político vinculado às necessidades do capital, organizando o espaço em função dos interesses deste último. A valorização do solo urbano acontece com o auxílio das intervenções do Estado via instrumentos de planejamento urbano previstos na própria legislação urbanística brasileira. Há a elevação do preço da terra e dos serviços, o que tende a dificultar o acesso dos trabalhadores de baixa renda, sendo a renda fundiária oriunda desses processos apropriada pelo capital rentista. Considerando as características da urbanização na porção norte da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte no passado em comparação com o momento atual, verifica-se que, embora o capitalismo venha se trasformando ao longo do último século, se adaptando às suas crises, a sua essência permanece a mesma, bem como a essência da urbanização que produz. Observa-se como desdobramento direto uma nova rodada de gentrificação do espaço e do consequente processo de periferização por conta da ampliação da capitalização do solo urbano da metrópole.Palavras-chave: Urbanização; Produção do Espaço; Capital; Estado; Urbanismo. URBANISM LIKE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF THE/IN THE SPACE: REFLECTIONS BASED ON THE BELO HORIZONTE METROPOLIZATION PROCESS CASE Abstract: This study discusses the Belo Horizonte’s production of space process, having as a guideline the analysis of the association between government and capital. It is shown from the empirical case of Belo Horizonte that in the contemporary modernization and metropolization process the dispossession of the poorest continues. In this process, urbanism, disguised of urban and regional planning, strategic planning, etc., assumes its role of political knowledge linked to organize the space in function of the capital needs. The valorization of urban soil occurs with the aid of State interventions using urban planning instruments provided for in the Brazilian urban legislation itself. There is an increase in the price of land and services, which tends to hinder the access of low-income workers, and the land income from these processes is appropriated by rentier capital. Considering the characteristics of urbanization in the northern portion of the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte in the past compared to the current moment, it appears that, although capitalism has been changing over the last century, adapting to its crises, its essence remains the same, as well as the essence of the urbanization it produces. A new round of gentrification of the space and the consequent process of periphery growth can be observed as a direct development due to the expansion of the capitalization of metropolis urban land.Keywords: Urbanization; Production of Space; Capital; State; Urbanism. EL URBANISMO COMO ECONOMÍA POLÍTICA DEL / EN EL ESPACIO: REFLEXIONES A PARTIR DEL PROCESO DE METROPOLIZACIÓN DE BELO HORIZONTE Resumen: Este estudio discute el proceso de producción del espacio de Belo Horizonte, teniendo como pauta el análisis de la acción conjunta entre Estado y capital. Se muestra, a partir del caso práctico de Belo Horizonte, que, en el proceso de modernización y metropolización contemporánea, se sigue produciendo el saqueo de los más pobres. En este proceso, el urbanismo, disfrazado de planificación urbana y regional, planificación estratégica, etc., asume su papel de conocimiento político vinculado a las necesidades del capital, organizando el espacio según los intereses de este último. La valorización del suelo urbano se da con la ayuda de intervenciones estatales mediante los instrumentos de planificación urbana previstos en la propia legislación urbana brasileña. Existe un aumento en el precio de la tierra y los servicios, lo que tiende a dificultar el acceso de los trabajadores de bajos ingresos, y los ingresos de la tierra de estos procesos son apropiados por el capital rentista. Considerando las características de la urbanización en la parte norte de la Región Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte en el pasado en comparación con el momento actual, parece que, aunque el capitalismo ha ido cambiando durante el último siglo, adaptándose a sus crisis, su esencia sigue siendo la misma, así como la esencia de la urbanización que produce. Una nueva ronda de gentrificación del espacio y el consecuente proceso de periferización puede verse como un desarrollo directo debido a la expansión de la capitalización del suelo urbano de la metrópoli.Palabras-clave: Urbanización; Producción espacial; Capital; Estado; Urbanismo.

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Intersections in Subaltern Urbanism: The narratives of women in urban occupations in Brazil

Environment and Planning C Politics and Space ◽

10.1177/2399654419887969 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 239965441988796

Author(s):

Mariana de Moura Cruz ◽

Natália Alves da Silva

Keyword(s):

Black Women ◽

Metropolitan Region ◽

Self Organization ◽

Resistance Strategies ◽

The Past ◽

Everyday Practices ◽

Belo Horizonte ◽

Construction Knowledge ◽

Theoretical Category ◽

And Gender

In the past decade in Brazil, we have witnessed the rise of a new subaltern space, which has prompted a new theoretical category, incorporated in the contemporary epistemologies of Subaltern Urbanism: Urban Occupations. These new terrains of livelihood and self-organization have prompted a series of new resistance strategies, everyday practices and narratives that must be understood and decodified. The Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte—third largest in the country—accounts for over 25 housing occupations in its territory, more than half of which settled in the last five years. Occupation Rosa Leão, established in 2013, is one of them. As it happens in many other occupations, most of its dwellers are black women. They constitute majority in the coordination groups and are often more closely involved in the collective necessities of the community. The present article draws upon the experiences of these women as subjects of their own history to showcase urban occupation as a powerful place for understanding and dismantling the always existing but often overlooked intersection between coloniality and gender. It relies on the activist and academic engagement of both authors in these territories, and specifically in the experience with a women-only self-construction workshop organized in October 2017. Through this workshop, we sought to understand how “usually male” construction knowledge was employed (or not) by women, how it could be used as a tool for domination/emancipation and how gender relations intertwined with such issues in the process.

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Knowing biodiversity: Fishes from the Guareí River basin, a tributary of the Jurumirim reservoir, Paranapanema River, Brazil

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-1031 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Valter M. Azevedo-Santos ◽

Fernando M. Pelicice ◽

Raoul Henry

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Native Species ◽

Poecilia Reticulata ◽

Fish Fauna ◽

Fish Diversity ◽

Conservation Actions ◽

Almost All ◽

Adequate Management ◽

Management And Conservation ◽

Pimelodus Maculatus

Abstract: The Guareí River is a tributary of the Paranapanema River (Brazil), located in the upper portion of the Jurumirim Reservoir. Fish fauna studies in this watershed began in the 2000s, but they were restricted to a few waterbodies. This work conducted a broad survey of the fish fauna in tributary streams and the main channel of the Guareí River. Sampling occurred between February 2017 and November 2018 at 36 sites and using different collection methods. We captured 2,169 specimens belonging to 50 species, 16 families and 6 orders. The species accumulation curve tended to stabilize but indicated that species richness is underestimated. Almost all species are native (46); only three were non-native (Hyphessobrycon eques, Oreochromis niloticus and Poecilia reticulata) and one was undefined (Gymnotus pantanal). Among the native species, two are unknown to science (Bryconamericus aff. iheringii and Hypostomus sp. n.) and three are migratory (Leporinus friderici, Megaleporinus obtusidens and Pimelodus maculatus). In this paper, we provide images of species collected. Results indicate that the Guareí River basin is a hotspot of fish diversity in the Upper Paranapanema River, stressing the need for adequate management and conservation actions.

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Diversity and distribution of fish fauna of upstream and downstream areas at Koto Panjang Reservoir, Riau Province, Indonesia

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.19679.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 1435

Author(s):

Netti Aryani ◽

Indra Suharman ◽

Azrita Azrita ◽

Hafrijal Syandri ◽

Ainul Mardiah

Keyword(s):

Exotic Species ◽

Native Species ◽

Fish Fauna ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Fish Diversity ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

Fish Samples ◽

Upstream Reservoir ◽

Distribution Of Fish

Background: The capture fishery sectors in the river and reservoir play an important role in the Indonesian economy through increased income and diversification of livelihoods. The present study was conducted to ascertain fish diversity and their distribution pattern in the upstream and downstream areas of Koto Panjang Reservoir, Riau Province-Indonesia. Methods: Fish samples were collected for a period of 12 months using a variety of fish nets at four sites; Koto Mesjid (KM) and Batu Bersurat (BB), located in the upstream area of Koto Panjang Reservoir and Rantau Berangin (RB) and Kuok (KK), located in the downstream area of Koto Panjang Reservoir. Data obtained were analyzed using standard taxonomic keys based on morphometric characters. Results: A total of 44 species belonging 19 families and 33 genera were recorded in the study area. Alpha diversity indices showed that fish diversity in this area was quite high (Shannon’s index = 2.10 and Simpson-D = 0.21) and evenness was low (evenness H/S =0.19). The ﬁsh in KM and BB sites (upstream) were from eight and 11 families, respectively. In RB and KK sites (downstream), fish were from 16 and 15 families, respectively. In KM, BB, RB and KK sites, the dominant family was Cyprinidae, comprising 33.45%, 50.95%, 43.04% and 39.35% of all fish caught at each site, respectively. Exotic species, especially Nile tilapia, were 20.15%, 14.11%, 5.62%, and 5.34%, respectively. Some differences were also noted between the upstream and downstream reservoirs, with a slight increase in exotic species in the upstream reservoir over the study period (from 11.39% vs. 34.66%), corresponding to decrease of native species (from 88.61% vs. 65.34%). Conclusions: The diversity and distribution of fish fauna were varied in upstream and downstream areas of Koto Panjang Reservoir. The exotic species were found to be dominant in the upstream reservoir areas.

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Ichthyofauna of the Gurgueia River, Parnaíba River basin, northeastern Brazil

Check List ◽

10.15560/11.5.1765 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1765 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Márcio Joaquim da Silva ◽

Brisa Guimarães Costa ◽

Telton Pedro Anselmo Ramos ◽

Paulo Auricchio ◽

Sergio Maia Queiroz Lima

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Reference Point ◽

Native Species ◽

Fish Fauna ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Fish Diversity ◽

Freshwater Fish Fauna ◽

The Right ◽

Brazilian Northeast ◽

Parnaíba Basin

The Gurgueia River in southern Piauí state, Brazil, is the largest affluent on the right margin of the Parnaíba River basin. This study aimed to inventory the Gurgueia River ichthyofauna, and contribute to the knowledge of fish diversity in Northeastern Brazil. We sampled 71 locations throughout the Gurgueia sub-basin between 2006 and 2014, which resulted in 90 fish species representing 67 genera, 26 families and six orders, including two non-native species. Six species are newly recorded for the Parnaíba basin (Hasemania nana, Hemigrammus brevis, H. guyanensis, H. ora, Corydoras sp. and Cetopsorhamdia sp.), increasing its freshwater ichthyofauna to 152 species. The Gurgueia River contains 59.2% of the ichthyofauna known for the Parnaíba basin, and can be used as a reference point for the establishment of priority areas for the conservation of the freshwater fish fauna of the Brazilian Northeast.

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Differences in sensitivity of native and exotic fish species to changes in river temperature

Current Zoology ◽

10.1093/czoolo/57.6.852 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 57 (6) ◽

pp. 852-862 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

R.S.E.W. Leuven ◽

A.J. Hendriks ◽

M.A.J. Huijbregts ◽

H.J.R. Lenders ◽

J. Matthews ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exotic Species ◽

Fish Species ◽

Native Species ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Fish Fauna ◽

Native Fish ◽

Fish Diversity ◽

Exotic Fish ◽

River Temperature ◽

Exotic Fish Species

Abstract This paper describes the effects that temperature changes in the Rhine river distributaries have on native and exotic fish diversity. Site-specific potentially affected fractions (PAFs) of the regional fish species pool were derived using species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) for water temperature. The number of fish species in the river distributaries has changed remarkably over the last century. The number of native rheophilous species declined up until 1980 due to anthropogenic disturbances such as commercial fishing, river regulation, migration barriers, habitat deterioration and water pollution. In spite of progress in river rehabilitation, the native rheophilous fish fauna has only partially recovered thus far. The total number of species has strongly increased due to the appearance of more exotic species. After the opening of the Rhine-Main-Danube waterway in 1992, many fish species originating from the Ponto-Caspian area colonized the Rhine basin. The yearly minimum and maximum river temperatures at Lobith have increased by circa 4 0C over the period 1908-2010. Exotic species show lower PAFs than native species at both ends of the temperature range. The interspecific variation in the temperature tolerance of exotic fish species was found to be large. Using temporal trends in river temperature allowed past predictions of PAFs to demonstrate that the increase in maximum river temperature negatively affected a higher percentage of native fish species than exotic species. Our results support the hypothesis that alterations of the river Rhine’s temperature regime caused by thermal pollution and global warming limit the full recovery of native fish fauna and facilitate the establishment of exotic species which thereby increases competition between native and exotic species. Thermal refuges are important for the survival of native fish species under extreme summer or winter temperature conditions.

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Diversity and distribution of fish fauna of upstream and downstream areas at Koto Panjang Reservoir, Riau Province, Indonesia

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.19679.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 1435

Author(s):

Netti Aryani ◽

Indra Suharman ◽

Azrita Azrita ◽

Hafrijal Syandri ◽

Ainul Mardiah

Keyword(s):

Exotic Species ◽

Native Species ◽

Fish Fauna ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Fish Diversity ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

Fish Samples ◽

Upstream Reservoir ◽

Distribution Of Fish

Background: The capture fishery sectors in the river and reservoir play an important role in the Indonesian economy through increased income and diversification of livelihoods. The present study was conducted to ascertain fish diversity and their distribution pattern in the upstream and downstream areas of Koto Panjang Reservoir, Riau Province-Indonesia. Methods: Fish samples were collected for a period of 12 months using a variety of fish nets at four sites; Koto Mesjid (KM) and Batu Bersurat (BB), located in the upstream area of Koto Panjang Reservoir and Rantau Berangin (RB) and Kuok (KK), located in the downstream area of Koto Panjang Reservoir. Data obtained were analyzed using standard taxonomic keys based on morphometric characters. Results: A total of 44 species belonging 19 families and 33 genera were recorded in the study area. Alpha diversity indices showed that fish diversity in this area was quite high (Shannon’s index = 2.10 and Simpson-D = 0.21) and evenness was low (evenness H/S =0.19). The ﬁsh in KM and BB sites (upstream) were from eight and 11 families, respectively. In RB and KK sites (downstream), fish were from 16 and 15 families, respectively. In KM, BB, RB and KK sites, the dominant family was Cyprinidae, comprising 33.45%, 50.95%, 43.04% and 39.35% of all fish caught at each site, respectively. Exotic species, especially Nile tilapia, were 20.15%, 14.11%, 5.62%, and 5.34%, respectively. Some differences were also noted between the upstream and downstream reservoirs, with a slight increase in exotic species in the upstream reservoir over the study period (from 11.39% vs. 34.66%), corresponding to decrease of native species (from 88.61% vs. 65.34%). Conclusions: The diversity and distribution of fish fauna were varied in upstream and downstream areas of Koto Panjang Reservoir. The exotic species were found to be dominant in the upstream reservoir areas.

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Inventory of the fish fauna from Laranjinha River, Paranapanema River system, Brazil

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-0962 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Bruno Ambrozio Galindo ◽

Renata Rúbia Ota ◽

Thiago Deruza Garcia ◽

Raul Henrique Cardoso Nascimento ◽

Willian Massaharu Ohara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Native Species ◽

Fish Fauna ◽

River System ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Fish Diversity ◽

Migratory Species ◽

Absolute Abundance ◽

Average Abundance ◽

Comprehensive Survey

Abstract: This work is the most comprehensive survey of the Laranjinha River´s fishes, a tributary of the Cinzas River, Paranapanema River basin. Throughout its course, there is only a low-height dam, including a transposition system located 98 km from its mouth. The sampling was carried out in nine locations, from the source to the mouth, with six field incursions in each location, using different fishing gear. A total of 11,924 fish were collected, distributed in seven orders, 27 families, and 100 species. The most representative order in the number of species was Siluriformes, followed by Characiformes. As for the families, Loricariidae comprised 21% and Characidae 14% of species richness. Phalloceros harpagos was the species with the highest absolute abundance, representing 11.3% of the total, followed by Hypostomus ancistroides with 9.8%. However, considering the average abundance and frequency of occurrence, Hypostomus ancistroides was the most abundant species, followed by Hypostomus cf. paulinus, Psalidodon aff. paranae and Phalloceros harpagos. Among the collected species, the Apteronotus acidops, Brycon orbygnianus, Brycon nattereri, Crenicichla jupiaensis, and Rhinelepis aspera were classified as endangered on the most recent IUCN Red List. Also, from the total sampled fish, 9.8% are considered non-native species. Among the native species recorded, 10 species are large migratory species, which indicates that the Laranjinha River is a route for spawning and maintenance of species diversity in the middle Paranapanema River. Therefore, the Laranjinha River is a heritage of fish diversity and deserves special attention in its preservation.

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THE SUBURBANISATION OF THE KUALA LUMPUR METROPOLITAN REGION

PLANNING MALAYSIA JOURNAL ◽

10.21837/pmjournal.v1.i1.38 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jamalunlaili Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Metropolitan Region ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Urban Fabric ◽

The Past ◽

Klang Valley ◽

The City

The Klang Valley has been experiencing rapid urbanisation especially during the past two decades. The area has expanded to become a larger entity known as the Kuala Lumpur Metropolitan Region (KLMR). But this development comes at the expense of Kuala Lumpur. The city had consistently recorded net-out migration during the period. This development has consequences on the urban fabric of the city and can lead to the problem

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