Effects of Square-Stepping Exercise on balance and depressive symptoms in older adults

The aim of this study was analyze the effects of Square-Stepping Exercise (SSE) on depressive symptoms, balance and functional mobility in older adults. Participants were distributed into two groups: Trained Group (TG), who performed a 16-week intervention with SSE and Control Group (CG), who performed only evaluations. The Berg Balance Scale and Time Up and Go Test (TUG) constituted the evaluation protocol to verify balance and functional mobility. Geriatric Depression Scale-short form (GDS-15) was applied for measure depressive symptoms. Evaluations were realized pre and post 16-week. Significant improvements were observed in the TG with the maintenance of GDS-15 scores and on the time to perform the TUG test which reflects better functional mobility than the CG. This could lead to conclude that the SSE is an important tool for improve balance, prevent falls and decrease depression symptoms.

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Reported Needs and Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults Entering Long-Term Services and Supports

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Eleanor Rivera ◽

Karen B Hirschman ◽

Mary D Naylor

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Unmet Needs ◽

Short Form ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Social Activities ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Services And Supports

Abstract Background and Objectives Long-term services and supports (LTSS) are vital for older adults with physical and cognitive disabilities. LTSS can be provided in settings such as nursing homes, assisted living, or via community-based services. During the transition to LTSS, older adults are at risk of increased depressive symptoms. In addition, older adults may identify unmet needs despite having access to new LTSS resources. The goal of this study was to examine the factors associated with increased depressive symptoms among a pool of older adults, with a focus on change in reported needs after starting LTSS. Research Design and Methods This cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study included 352 older adults new to LTSS (R01AG025524). The outcome of depressive symptoms was measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale—Short Form. Reported needs included supportive equipment, devices, transportation, and social activities. Bivariate and linear regression modeling using change in needs 3 months later were performed. Results Depressive symptoms were present among 40% of the LTSS recipients at enrollment and 3 months. At baseline, 29% of LTSS recipients reported a need for supportive equipment, 30% for transportation, and 23% for social activities. After 3 months, an average of 12% of LTSS recipients’ needs were met, 13% of LTSS recipients’ needs persisted, and 11% of LTSS recipients reported new needs. Depressive symptoms 3 months later were higher for those who reported persistent unmet needs compared with those who reported no needs at all, controlling for functional status and LTSS type. Discussion and Implications The transition to LTSS is a vulnerable time for older adults. Assessing the need for equipment, transportation, and social activities during this period may identify opportunities to improve the lives and emotional status of this population.

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Depressive symptoms are independently associated with recurrent falls in community-dwelling older adults

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s104161021400074x ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 1511-1519 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Sébastien Grenier ◽

Marie-Christine Payette ◽

Francis Langlois ◽

Thien Tuong Minh Vu ◽

Louis Bherer

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Antidepressant Drugs ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Recurrent Falls ◽

Physical Capacities ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

ABSTRACTBackground:Falls and depression are two major public health problems that affect millions of older people each year. Several factors associated with falls are also related to depressive symptoms such as medical conditions, sleep quality, use of medications, cognitive functioning, and physical capacities. To date, studies that investigated the association between falls and depressive symptoms did not control for all these shared factors. The current study addresses this issue by examining the relationship between falls and depression symptoms after controlling for several confounders.Methods:Eighty-two community-dwelling older adults were enrolled in this study. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30) was used to evaluate the presence of depressive symptoms, and the following question was used to assess falls: “Did you fall in the last 12 months, and if so, how many times?”Results:Univariate analyses indicated that the number of falls was significantly correlated with gender (women), fractures, asthma, physical inactivity, presence of depressive symptoms, complaints about quality of sleep, use of antidepressant drugs, and low functional capacities. Multivariate analyses revealed that depressive symptoms were significantly and independently linked to recurrent falls after controlling for confounders.Conclusions:Results of the present study highlight the importance of assessing depressive symptoms during a fall risk assessment.

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Disability, Frailty and Depression in the community-dwelling older adults with Osteosarcopenia

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02022-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ki-Soo Park ◽

Gyeong-Ye Lee ◽

Young-Mi Seo ◽

Sung-Hyo Seo ◽

Jun-Il Yoo

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Short Form ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Normal Group ◽

World Health ◽

Common Disease ◽

Using Data ◽

Health Organization

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of osteosarcopenia in the over 60-year-old community and to evaluate whether osteosarcopenia is associated with disability, frailty and depression. Methods This study was performed using the baseline data of Namgaram-2, among the 1010 surveyed subjects, 885 study subjects who were 60 years or older and had all necessary tests performed were selected. The Kaigo-Yobo checklist (frailty), World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) and Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form-Korean (GDSSF-K) were used. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS 2019) were applied in this study. Osteopenia was measured using data from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and osteopenia was diagnosed when the T-score was less than − 1.0. The study subjects were divided into four groups: the normal group, in which both sarcopenia and osteopenia were undiagnosed, osteopenia only, sarcopenia only and the osteosarcopenia group, which was diagnosed with both sarcopenia and osteopenia. Results Of the 885 subjects over 60 years old evaluated, the normal group comprised 34.0%, the only osteopenia group 33.7%, the only sarcopenia group 13.1%, and the osteosarcopenia group 19.2%. WHODAS (17.5, 95% CI: 14.8-20.1), Kaigo-Yobo (3.0, 95% CI: 2.6-3.4), and GDSSF mean score (4.6, 95% CI: 3.9-5.4) were statistically significantly higher in the osteosarcopenia group compared the other groups. Partial eta squared (ηp2) of WHODAS (0.199) and Kaigo-Yobo (0.148) values according to Osteosarcopenia were large, and GDSSF (0.096) was medium Conclusions Osteosarcopenia is a relatively common disease group in the older adults community that may cause deterioration of health outcomes. Therefore, when evaluating osteopenia or sarcopenia in the older adults, management of those in both disease groups should occur together.

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Watching sports and depressive symptoms among older adults: a cross-sectional study from the JAGES 2019 survey

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-89994-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Taishi Tsuji ◽

Satoru Kanamori ◽

Ryota Watanabe ◽

Meiko Yokoyama ◽

Yasuhiro Miyaguni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Mail Survey ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Average Frequency ◽

Evaluation Study ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractThe current study investigated the relationship between the frequency of watching sports and depressive symptoms among older adults. This study used cross-sectional data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a nationwide mail survey of 21,317 older adults. Depressive symptoms were defined as a Geriatric Depression Scale score of ≥ 5. Participants were queried regarding the average frequency at which they watched sports on-site and via TV/Internet over the past year. Among the 21,317 participants, 4559 (21.4%) had depressive symptoms, while 4808 (22.6%) and 16,576 (77.8%) watched sports on-site and via TV/Internet at least once a year, respectively. Older adults who watched sports on-site a few times/year (prevalence ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval, 0.65–0.74) or 1–3 times/month (0.66, 0.53–0.82) were less likely to have depressive symptoms compared to non-spectators after adjusting for frequency of playing sports, exercise activities, and other potential confounders. Meanwhile, a dose–response relationship was confirmed for watching via TV/Internet (prevalence ratio of 0.86, 0.79, and 0.71 for a few times/year, 1–3 times/month, and ≥ 1 time/week, respectively). This study suggested that watching sports on-site or via TV/Internet, regardless of whether they regularly engage in sports, may reduce the risk of depressive symptoms among older adults.

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Do age and education predict performance of older adults on the d2 Test?

Psico ◽

10.15448/1980-8623.2018.2.27046 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 119

Author(s):

Luis Henrique Paloski ◽

Adriano Medeiros da Cunha ◽

Camila Rosa de Oliveira ◽

Marianne Farina ◽

Valéria Gonzatti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Multiple Linear Regression ◽

Short Form ◽

Age Groups ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Partial Correlations ◽

State Examination ◽

One Way Anova

The objective of this study was to investigate the association of age and education in the performance of cognitively preserved older adults in the d2 Sustained-Attention Test, and to compare the results of different age groups and levels of schooling in this instrument. The sample was composed of 211 adults, 60 years of age or older, who were not institutionalized, and who completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Mini Mental State Examination, the Geriatric Depression Scale (short form), and the d2 Test. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, partial correlations, multiple linear regression and one-way ANOVA. The results of partial correlations and multiple linear regression showed that age and years of schooling demonstrated significant associations with all d2 Test scores, with age being the predictive variable that showed the greatest influence on the performance of the older adults. Comparison of performance in the d2 Test among the six groups according to the distribution by age group (60-69 years and 70 years or more) and by levels of schooling (primary, secondary and higher) showed that younger adults with a higher level of schooling scored better on the d2 Test, suggesting the need for normative data studies for this population.***Idade e escolaridade são preditoras de desempenho de adultos idosos no Teste d2?***O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação da idade e da escolaridade com o desempenho de idosos cognitivamente preservados no Teste d2 de Atenção Concentrada, além de comparar os resultados de diferentes grupos etários e de níveis de escolaridade nesse instrumento. Participaram 211 adultos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, não institucionalizados, que responderam a uma ficha de dados sociodemográficos, ao Mini Exame do Estado Mental, à Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (versão reduzida), e ao Teste d2. A análise dos dados foi conduzida por meio de estatística descritiva, correlações parciais, regressão linear múltipla e ANOVA de uma via (one-way ANOVA). Os resultados das correlações parciais e da regressão linear múltipla revelaram que a idade e os anos de escolaridade demonstraram associações significativas com todos os escores do Teste d2, sendo a idade a variável preditora que demonstrou maior influência no desempenho dos idosos. A comparação de desempenho no teste d2 entre os seis grupos conforme distribuição por faixa etária (60-69 anos e 70 anos ou mais) e por níveis de escolaridade (fundamental, médio e superior) demonstrou que os idosos mais jovens e com maior nível de escolaridade apresentam melhores pontuações no Teste d2, sugerindo a necessidade de estudos de dados normativos para essa população.

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The effect of group exercises on balance, mobility, and depressive symptoms in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial

Clinical Rehabilitation ◽

10.1177/0269215518815218 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 439-449 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Chandra da Silveira Langoni ◽

Thais de Lima Resende ◽

Andressa Bombardi Barcellos ◽

Betina Cecchele ◽

Juliana Nunes da Rosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Control Group ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objective: To determine the effects of group exercises on balance, mobility, and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Design: Single blinded, randomized, matched pairs clinical trial. Setting: Four primary healthcare units. Subjects: Fifty-two sedentary subjects with mild cognitive impairment were paired (age, sex, body mass index, and Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised score), tested, and then randomized into an intervention group ( n = 26) and a control group ( n = 26). Intervention: The intervention group performed strength (ankle weights, elastic bands, and dumbbells) and aerobic exercises (walking) in their communities’ public spaces, twice a week (60 minutes each), during 24 weeks. The control group maintained its usual routine. Main measures: Balance (Berg Balance Scale (BBS)), mobility (Timed Up and Go Test (TUG)), and depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale-15) were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: Before the intervention, the two groups did not differ statistically. After, the intervention group showed significant improvement ( P < 0.05) in balance (before: 53 ± 3; after: 55.1 ± 1.1 points), mobility (before: 10.7 ± 2.9 seconds; after: 8.3 ± 2 seconds), and depressive symptoms (median punctuation (interquartile range) before: 4 (1.8–6); after: 2.5 (1–4)). The control group presented a significant increase in their depressive symptoms (median before: 3.5 (2–7.3); after: 4 (2–5.3)), while their balance and mobility showed no significant modification. Small effect sizes were observed in the intervention group and control group depressive symptoms, as well as in the control group’s mobility and balance. Large effect sizes were observed the intervention group’s mobility and balance. Conclusion: Group exercises improved balance, mobility, and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment.

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Identifying the Factors Related to Depressive Symptoms Amongst Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16183449 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (18) ◽

pp. 3449 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dan Song ◽

Doris S.F. Yu ◽

Polly W.C. Li ◽

Qiuhua Sun

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

High-level depressive symptoms have been reported in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), resulting in increased risk of progression to dementia. However, studies investigating the correlates of depressive symptoms among this population are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the significant socio-demographic, lifestyle-related and disease-related correlates of depressive symptoms among this cohort. Cross-sectional data were obtained from a sample of 154 Chinese community-dwelling older adults with MCI. MCI subjects were screened by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale. Possible correlates of depressive symptoms in individuals with MCI were explored by multiple linear regressions. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults with MCI was 31.8%. In multiple regression analysis, poor perceived positive social interaction, small social network, low level of physical activity, poor functional status, subjective memory complaint, and poor health perception were correlated with depressive symptoms. The findings highlight that depressive symptoms are sufficient to warrant evaluation and management in older adults with MCI. Addressing social isolation, assisting this vulnerable group in functional and physical activities, and cultivating a positive perception towards cognitive and physical health are highly prioritized treatment targets among individuals with MCI.

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Do the GDS and the GDS-15 adequately capture the range of depressive symptoms among older residents in congregate housing?

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610210002425 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 950-960 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kathryn Betts Adams

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Oldest Old ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Geriatric Depression ◽

Roc Curve Analysis ◽

Cut Points ◽

Hit Rates

ABSTRACTBackground: In light of inconsistencies in cut points for identifying non-major depression, this study examined the classification efficiency of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS and GDS-15) total scores and individual items, and four additional depressive symptoms for identification of subthreshold, minor, or criterion depression among 166 vulnerable residents of congregate housing.Methods: Depression (combined categories of major depressive episode, minor, or subthreshold depression) was determined by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) diagnostic interview depression module administered by telephone to 166 older residents of congregate housing facilities who also completed the 30-item GDS and four other yes/no potential indicators of geriatric depression. Classification agreement and ROC curve analysis for the full and 15-item GDS scale scores were calculated. Individual item hit rates for MINI criterion were calculated for GDS items and four new items.Results: GDS and GDS-15 at standard cut points had 70–75% agreement with MINI. Best sensitivity and specificity were obtained at lower than standard cut points. Some GDS Withdrawal, Apathy, lack of Vigor (WAV) and cognitive items obtained very low hit rates. New items “I just don't feel like myself” and “I feel I am a burden to others” better discriminated MINI depression than most GDS items and had good item-to-total correlations with the GDS.Conclusions: Diagnostic criteria and GDS screen had partial agreement. Some GDS items did not adequately represent depression among functionally impaired or oldest old older adults. Feeling one is a burden and the sense of feeling “different” from usual may be useful indicators of depression among vulnerable older adults.

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Association between Root Caries and Depressive Symptoms among Elders in Carlos Barbosa, RS, Brazil

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201700933 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 234-240 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Otávio Pereira D’Avila ◽

Eliana Wendland ◽

Juliana Balbinot Hilgert ◽

Dalva Maria Pereira Padilha ◽

Fernando Neves Hugo

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Independent Living ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Salivary Flow ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Root Caries ◽

Male Sex

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between depressive symptoms and root caries among independent-living older persons. All community-dwelling older adults (not hospitalized and not bedridden) living in Carlos Barbosa, RS, Brazil, were invited to participate, and 785 completed the study protocol (standardized questionnaire assessing socio-demographic information and health behavior, Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS] - brief version, and oral examination [DMFT-Root index, Visible Plaque Index and stimulated salivary flow]). Out of them, 390 participants with at least one natural tooth were included in the present analysis. The outcome of interest was the ratio between the number of decayed roots and the number of roots at risk. The association between independent variables (depression and socioeconomic aspects) and the outcome was assessed using negative binomial regression models. Results: The final, fully adjusted model revealed that age (β=0.03, p=0.001), female sex (β=-0.23, p=0.08), living in a rural area (β=0.25, p=0.008), tooth brushing frequency (β=0.43, p=0.025) and stimulated salivary flow (β=-0.012, p<0.0001) were significantly associated with the presence of root caries. In addition, the interaction between male sex and the presence of depression symptoms (β=-0.99, p=0.012) was also independently and significantly associated with root caries. The interaction between male sex and depression symptoms was associated with root caries, suggesting that psychological mechanisms may be involved indirectly in the development of root caries in older adults.

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Depressiveness in preoperative period and postoperative recovery of orthopedic patients - preliminary results of prospective study

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72542-1 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 837-837

Author(s):

D. Ignjatovic Ristic ◽

V. Janjic ◽

B. Ristic ◽

B. Radmanovic

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Short Form ◽

Age Groups ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Postoperative Recovery ◽

Preoperative Period ◽

Surgical Interventions ◽

Preliminary Results ◽

Orthopedic Patients

IntroductionDepression is often occurred after surgical interventions and may have serious consequences on postoperative recovery. The treatment of early discovered depressive symptoms may have strong influence on the recovery of operated orthopedic patients.Simple and quick instrument for detection and evaluation of depressive symptoms could be of great use to doctors.Work objectives are1) determine the prevalence of depressiveness in preoperative period in patients with scheduled surgical interventions, and2) validation of Geriatric Depression Scale - short form (GDS-SF) in detection of depressiveness.MethodA sample of 120 orthopedic patients is the part of larger sample in prospective research of depressiveness in patients in preoperative period with scheduled surgical interventions (except cardio-surgical). For estimation of depressiveness we used battery of tests (GDS-SF, BDI - Beck's depression scale, MDI - major depressive disorder questionnaire), and patients were tested 3 times: to 14 days prior the surgery, 7 and 90 days after the surgery. Validation of GDS-SF was examined compared to BDI according to age and gender of examinees.ResultsIn preliminary sample of 120 orthopedic patients with scheduled orthopedic interventions, prevalence of depressiveness is greater than prevalence of depressiveness in general population (p < 0.001). Depressiveness is much more present in women than in men (p < 0.001). Correlation of depressive scores in BDI and in GDS-SF is satisfactory for all age groups.ConclusionPreliminary results indicate on further research of depressiveness in preoperative period in order to confirm validation of GDS-SF as simpler alternative for early detection of depressiveness.

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