Effect of alternate and simultaneous grazing on endoparasite infection in sheep and cattle

This experiment was carried out on 8 ha of Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania pastures, with rotational grazing consisting of 7 days of occupation and 21 days of rest. Four treatments were evaluated: cattle grazing alone (BOV), sheep grazing alone (OVI), cattle and sheep grazing simultaneously (SIM) and cattle grazing followed by sheep (alternate - ALT). Twenty heifers and 30 male Santa Inês lambs were used. Fecal egg count (FEC) and fecal cultures were carried out. Blood was also collected to examine red and white cell series, total plasma protein (TPP), albumin and hemoglobin. FEC and estimated nematode pathogenicity index in sheep were lower in the SIM treatment. The Haemonchus spp. proportion was higher in isolated grazing systems. For sheep, mixed grazing was shown to reduce endoparasite infection, and SIM was better than ALT. For cattle, no difference between grazing systems was seen. Therefore, simultaneous grazing (sheep and cattle) may be a tool for reducing the need for anthelmintic treatments in sheep.

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Evaluation of elite white clover germplasm under rotational cattle and sheep grazing

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.1991.53.1989 ◽

1991 ◽

pp. 105-110

Author(s):

J.R. Caradus

Keyword(s):

White Clover ◽

Cattle Grazing ◽

Sheep Grazing ◽

Mixed Species ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Breeding Programmes ◽

Plant Habit ◽

Trifolium Repens L ◽

Clover Content ◽

Cattle And Sheep

Four white clover (Trifolium repens L.) cultivars, 4 pre-release cultivars and 24 breeding lines were evaluated in small plots in mixed species swards under rotational cattle and sheep grazing for 2 years. There was no significant stock class x line interaction for proportion of clover in the sward. There was no evidence that medium- and smallleaved types yielded better under sheep grazing while larger-leaved types yielded better under cattle grazing. Lines with the highest clover content tended to be large leaved and upright irrespective of stock class. They also had moderate to high stolon growing point densities. Breeding programmes have developed lines with high stolon growing point densities, ensuring vegetative persistence, while still maintaining a high proportion of clover in the sward. These pre-release cultivars and breeding lines gave significantly better clover contents than existing cultivars. Keywords cultivars, selections, plant habit, cyanogenesis, stolon growing point density, clover content, cattle grazing, sheep grazing

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Single Grazing Is More Detrimental to Grasslands Than Mixed Grazing: Evidence From the Response of Functional Traits of Dominant Plants to Grazing Systems

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.3389/fevo.2021.682289 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Zheng Wang ◽

Jinghui Zhang ◽

Zhiyong Li ◽

Huamin Liu ◽

Lixin Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Traits ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Dominant Species ◽

Intraspecific Variability ◽

Cattle Grazing ◽

Plant Functional Traits ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Sheep Grazing ◽

Inner Mongolia Grassland ◽

Grazing Systems

Plant functional traits reflect species ecological strategies and determine how plants respond to environmental changes, however, how dominant species in the Inner Mongolia grassland adapt to different grazing systems by changing their functional traits has not been systematically investigated. In this study, we established four 7-year grazing treatments in the Inner Mongolia grassland: cattle grazing, sheep grazing, mixed sheep and cattle grazing, and no grazing. Fourteen functional traits of three dominant species (Stipa grandis, Leymus chinensis, and Cleistogenes squarrosa) were measured under the different grazing treatments. We found convergences of plant functional traits that indicate herbivory avoidance or tolerance. Plants reduced their vegetative height (VH) and stem: leaf ratio (SLR) to avoid grazing; increased their ability to acquire resources by increasing their specific leaf area (SLA), leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC), and leaf phosphorus concentration (LPC); and reduced their leaf dry matter content (LDMC) to tolerate grazing. Moreover, plants may adapt to grazing by increasing the intraspecific variability of their functional traits. Sheep-only grazing adversely affected L. chinensis growth and survival, while cattle-only grazing hindered S. grandis growth and increased the intraspecific variability of its plant functional traits. Our study emphasizes that intraspecific variability is an important indicator of the responses of plant functional traits to grazing. Since single grazing is more detrimental to the functional traits of dominant plants, we suggest that mixed cattle and sheep grazing may be a more environmentally friendly and sustainable practice for the Inner Mongolia grassland than single grazing.

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Nitrate-nitrite toxicity in cattle and sheep grazing Dactyloctenium radulans (button grass) in stockyards

Australian Veterinary Journal ◽

10.1111/j.1751-0813.2004.tb12612.x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 82 (10) ◽

pp. 630-634 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

RA McKENZIE ◽

AC RAYNER ◽

GK THOMPSON ◽

GF PIDGEON ◽

BR BURREN

Keyword(s):

Sheep Grazing ◽

Nitrite Toxicity ◽

Cattle And Sheep

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Changes in physiological, haematological and biochemical parameters in police working dogs during a treadmill incremental exercise test

Comparative Exercise Physiology ◽

10.3920/cep200016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 387-394

Author(s):

J.C. Alves ◽

A. Santos ◽

P. Jorge ◽

M.P. Lafuente

Keyword(s):

Exercise Test ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Rest Period ◽

Incremental Exercise ◽

Total Plasma ◽

Incremental Exercise Test ◽

Total Plasma Protein ◽

Working Dogs ◽

Stage T1

This study aimed to evaluate the physiological, haematological and biochemical changes during a treadmill incremental exercise test (IET). Animals were submitted to five stages of 6 min each, at 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 mph, at an inclination of 5%. Blood samples were collected at rest (T0), immediately after exercise (T5) and after a 20 min rest period (T6), to determine complete blood count, urea, creatinine, creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, total plasma protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase (AP), cholesterol, triglycerides (Trig), Ca2+, Na+, K+ and Cl-. Blood lactate (BL), heart rate (HR), rectal temperature (RT) and glycaemia were measured at rest (T0), after each stage (T1-T5) and after the rest period (T6). Variations were recorded between T0 and T5 in red blood cells, haemoglobin, AP, Na+, K+ (P<0.01), Trig (P<0.05), Ca2+ and Cl- (P<0.02). Differences were observed in BL at T5 (P<0.02) and T6 (P<0.02), RT at T2-T6 (P<0.01), HR at T3-T5 (P<0.01) and glycaemia at T2-T4 (P<0.01) and T5 (P<0.05). This study is a novel description of the shifts of physical fit police working dogs during this IET protocol.

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A Physiological-Monitoring Electronic Platform for Cattle Grazing Systems

International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems ◽

10.4018/ijaeis.2020070101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Ricardo R. Santos ◽

Fabiana V. Alves ◽

Patrik O. Bressan ◽

Ricardo E. Aguiar ◽

Wellington O. Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Skin Temperature ◽

Mobile Device ◽

Electronic Device ◽

Cattle Grazing ◽

Physiological Data ◽

Physiological Monitoring ◽

Physiological Variables ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Grazing Systems

In this work, we present a non-invasive electronic platform for physiological data acquisition on cattle grazing systems. The platform can be used for dairy and beef cattle to continuously monitor physiological variables such as skin temperature, heartbeats, and respiratory frequency. The set of sensors are coupled into a halter so that they are in touch with the animal's forehead. Users can monitor the data acquired by the electronic device using a mobile device (smartphone or tablet) and it visualizes important physiological parameters in the platform cloud system.

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Effects of Albumin, Total Plasma Protein, Triglyceride, and Total Cholesterol Concentration on Sodium Measurements Determined by Ion Selective Electrode Methods

American Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1093/ajcp/140.suppl1.198 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 140 (suppl 1) ◽

pp. A198-A198

Author(s):

Ya-Wen Tsai ◽

Huei-Ya Hong ◽

Chia-Chen Chiu ◽

Chin-Chuan Chan ◽

Yi-Ru Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Cholesterol ◽

Plasma Protein ◽

Ion Selective Electrode ◽

Cholesterol Concentration ◽

Total Plasma ◽

Total Cholesterol Concentration ◽

Selective Electrode ◽

Total Plasma Protein

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PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF ANIMALS UNDER THERMAL STRESS

VESTNIK OF THE BASHKIR STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY ◽

10.31563/1684-7628-2019-51-3-26-31 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 26-31

Author(s):

E.A. Azhmuldinov ◽

◽

Yu.N. Chernyshenko ◽

M.G. Titov ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hematological Parameters ◽

Physiological State ◽

Live Weight ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Total Plasma ◽

Ambient Temperatures ◽

Study Results ◽

Total Plasma Protein ◽

Negative Effect

A study was conducted of the effect of heat stress on the clinical and physiological state of male rabbits at the age of 5 months with an average live weight of 1551 g. The maximum temperature the animals were exposed to during the experiment was +42 °C. The study results showed a decrease in feed intake and an increase in water consumption, which contributed to a decrease in live weight. Hematological parameters, including hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, total plasma protein, globulins and cholesterol increased during the action of this stress factor. It was found that the effect of high ambient temperatures on rabbits negatively affected their physiological functions; the negative effect was reflected by the morphological and biochemical blood parameters.

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