Effects of Compelled Body Weight Shift Therapy on weight bearing symmetry, balance and gait in stroke subjects: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisha Austin Lobo ◽  
Abraham M. Joshua ◽  
Akshatha Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Weight Shift

scholarly journals Compelled Body Weight Shift Technique to Facilitate Rehabilitation of Individuals with Acute Stroke

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sambit Mohapatra ◽  
Aileen C. Eviota ◽  
Keir L. Ringquist ◽  
Sri Ranjini Muthukrishnan ◽  
Alexander S. Aruin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Affected Side ◽  
Weight Shift ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group

Background. The study evaluates the effectiveness of Compelled Body Weight Shift (CBWS) approach in the rehabilitation of individuals with stroke. CBWS involves a forced shift of body weight towards a person's affected side by means of a shoe insert that establishes a lift of the nonaffected lower extremity. Methods. Eleven patients with acute stroke were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received a two-week conventional physical therapy combined with CBWS and the control group received only a two-week conventional therapy. Weight bearing, Gait velocity, Berg's Balance, and Fugl-Meyer's Scores were recorded before and after the intervention. Results. Weight bearing on the affected side increased in the experimental group and decreased in the control group. The increase in gait velocity with treatment was significant in both the groups . However, experimental group demonstrated larger improvements in gait velocity compared to the control group . Berg Balance and Fugl-Meyer scores increased for both the groups. Conclusion. The implementation of a two-week intervention with CBWS resulted in the improvement in weight bearing and gait velocity of individuals with acute stroke. The present preliminary study suggests that CBWS technique could be implemented as an adjunct to conventional rehabilitation program for individuals with acute stroke.

Anticipatory weight shift between arms when reaching from a crouched posture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Gallagher ◽  
Stephaine Perez ◽  
Derek DeLuca ◽  
Isaac L. Kurtzer
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reaching Movements ◽  
Reactive Control ◽  
Step Initiation ◽  
Weight Shift ◽  
The Many

Reaching movements performed from a crouched body posture require a shift of body weight from both arms to one arm. This situation has remained unexamined despite the analogous load requirements during step initiation and the many studies of reaching from a seated or standing posture. To determine whether the body weight shift involves anticipatory or exclusively reactive control we obtained force plate records, hand kinematics, and arm muscle activity from 11 healthy right-handed participants. They performed reaching movements with their left and right arm in two speed contexts - 'comfortable' and 'as fast as possible' - and two postural contexts - a less stable knees-together posture and more stable knees-apart posture. Weight-shifts involved anticipatory postural actions (APA) by the reaching and stance arms that were opposing in the vertical axis and aligned in the side-to-side axis similar to APAs by the legs for step initiation. Weight-shift APAs were correlated in time and magnitude, present in both speed contexts, more vigorous with the knees placed together, and similar when reaching with the dominant or non-dominant arm. The initial weight-shift was preceded by bursts of muscle activity in the shoulder and elbow extensors (posterior deltoid and triceps lateral) of the reach arm and shoulder flexor (pectoralis major) of the stance arm which indicates their causal role; leg muscles may have indirectly contributed but were not recorded. The strong functional similarity of weight-shift APAs during crouched reaching to human stepping and cats reaching suggests that they are a core feature of posture-movement coordination.

Effect of maternal weight gain during pregnancy on exercise performance

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 1173-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Carpenter ◽  
S. P. Sady ◽  
M. A. Sady ◽  
B. Haydon ◽  
D. R. Coustan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Weight Gain During Pregnancy

We examined the effect of maternal weight gain during pregnancy on exercise performance. Ten women performed submaximal cycle (up to 60 W) and treadmill (4 km/h, up to 10% grade) exercise tests at 34 +/- 1.5 (SD) wk gestation and 7.6 +/- 1.7 wk postpartum. Postpartum subjects wearing weighted belts designed to equal their body weight during the antepartum tests performed two additional treadmill tests. Absolute O2 uptake (VO2) at the same work load was higher during pregnancy than postpartum during cycle (1.04 +/- 0.08 vs. 0.95 +/- 0.09 l/min, P = 0.014), treadmill (1.45 +/- 0.19 vs. 1.27 +/- 0.20 l/min, P = 0.0002), and weighted treadmill (1.45 +/ 0.19 vs. 1.36 +/- 0.20 l/min, P = 0.04) exercise. None of these differences remained, however, when VO2 was expressed per kilogram of body weight. Maximal VO2 (VO2max) estimated from the individual heart rate-VO2 curves was the same during and after pregnancy during cycling (1.96 +/- 0.37 to 1.98 +/- 0.39 l/min), whereas estimated VO2max increased postpartum during treadmill (2.04 +/- 0.38 to 2.21 +/- 0.36 l/min, P = 0.03) and weighted treadmill (2.04 +/- 0.38 to 2.19 +/- 0.38 l/min, P = 0.03) exercise. We conclude that increased body weight during pregnancy compared with the postpartum period accounts for 75% of the increased VO2 during submaximal weight-bearing exertion in pregnancy and contributes to reduced exercise capacity. The postpartum increase in estimated VO2max during weight-bearing exercise is the result of consistently higher antepartum heart rates during all submaximal work loads.

scholarly journals Prediction of pathological fracture in patients with metastatic disease of the lower limb

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma L. Howard ◽  
Paul Cool ◽  
Gillian L. Cribb
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Pathological Fracture ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Optimum Threshold

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate if the risk of pathological fracture can be predicted with the proportion of body weight that can be put through the affected leg in patients with metastatic bone disease of the lower limb. A prospective observational study was conducted in patients with metastatic disease in the lower limb. Receiver Operator Characteristic curves were used to identify the optimum threshold level of single stance weight bearing to predict fracture and compared to the Mirels score. Patients who underwent surgery could weight bear significantly less than those who did not have surgical intervention. The optimum threshold to predict pathological fracture was 85% of total body weight. No patient below the threshold level of 85% single stance body weight sustained a pathological fracture. The use of single stance body weight can be a useful in conjunction with the Mirels score to predict pathological fracture. If less than 85% of total body weight can be put through the affected limb, the risk of fracture increases, and consideration of treatment is suggested.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Changes in the Structure of the Transverse Arch of the Normal and Hallux Valgus Feet under Different Loading Positions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala Zeidan ◽  
Yusuke Suzuki ◽  
Yuu Kajiwara ◽  
Kengo Nakai ◽  
Kanako Shimoura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
Transverse Arch ◽  
Weight Shift ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Imagej Software

The transverse arch of the foot receives and transfers loads during gait. We aim to identify the difference in its structure between normal feet and hallux valgus (HV) feet and the effects of loading. Two groups, Without-HV and With-HV (HV ≥ 20°), were assessed using a weight-bearing plantar ultrasound imaging device to view the structure of the transverse arch. Measurements were recorded in sitting, quiet standing, and 90% weight-shift (90% W.S.) loading positions on the tested foot. Images were then processed using ImageJ software to analyze the transverse arch length (TAL), the length between the metatarsal heads (MTHs), transverse arch height (TAH), and the height of each MTH. TAL significantly increased in all positions in the With-HV group compared to that in the Without-HV group. It also increased in both groups under loading. TAH was not significantly higher in the With-HV group than in the Without-HV group in sitting and standing positions, except in the 90% W.S position, where both groups showed similar results. TAH decreased in both groups under loading. In summary, the structure of the transverse arch changes in HV feet and under loading conditions. This finding will help understand the structural differences between normal and HV feet and help resolve shoe fit problems in individuals with HV deformity.

scholarly journals Sagittal-Plane Knee Moment During Gait and Knee Cartilage Thickness

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 560-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy J. Schmitz ◽  
David Harrison ◽  
Hsin-Min Wang ◽  
Sandra J. Shultz
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Cartilage Thickness ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Tibiofemoral Angle ◽  
Control Factors

Context:  Understanding the factors associated with thicker cartilage in a healthy population is important when developing strategies aimed at minimizing the cartilage thinning associated with knee osteoarthritis progression. Thicker articular cartilage is commonly thought to be healthier cartilage, but whether the sagittal-plane biomechanics important to gait are related to cartilage thickness is unknown. Objective:  To determine the relationship of a weight-bearing region of the medial femoral condyle's cartilage thickness to sagittal gait biomechanics in healthy individuals. Design:  Descriptive laboratory study. Setting:  Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants:  Twenty-eight healthy participants (15 women: age = 21.1 ± 2.1 years, height = 1.63 ± 0.07 m, weight = 64.6 ± 9.9 kg; 13 men: age = 22.1 ± 2.9 years, height = 1.79 ± 0.05 m, weight = 75.2 ± 9.6 kg). Main Outcome Measure(s):  Tibiofemoral angle (°) was obtained via goniometric assessment, thickness of the medial femoral condyle cartilage (mm) was obtained via ultrasound imaging, and peak internal knee-extensor moment (% body weight · height) was measured during 10 trials of over-ground walking at a self-selected pace. We used linear regression to examine the extent to which peak internal knee-extensor moment predicted cartilage thickness after accounting for tibiofemoral angle and sex. Results:  Sex and tibiofemoral angle (12.3° ± 3.2°) were entered in the initial step as control factors (R2 = 0.01, P = .872). In the final step, internal knee-extensor moment (1.5% ± 1.3% body weight · height) was entered, which resulted in greater knee-extensor moment being related to greater cartilage thickness (2.0 ± 0.3 mm; R2Δ = 0.31, PΔ = .003). Conclusion:  Individuals who walked with a greater peak internal knee-extensor moment during gait had a cartilage structure that is generally considered beneficial in a healthy population. Our study offers promising findings that a potentially modifiable biomechanical factor is associated with cartilage status in a healthy population. Establishing these baseline relationships in uninjured populations may help us to better understand potential factors related to maladaptive gait patterns that predispose a person to adverse changes in the cartilage environment.

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