28-Day Oral Safety Evaluation of Extracellular Polysaccharopeptides Produced in Submerged Culture from the Turkey Tail Medicinal Mushroom Trametes versicolor (L.:Fr.) Pilát LH-1 in Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Hong Lai ◽  
Ju-Fang Teng ◽  
Tai-Hao Hsu ◽  
Fang-Yi Lin ◽  
Po-Wen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Submerged Culture ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Medicinal Mushroom

Optimization of biomass production with enhanced bioactive compound content by the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma australe under submerged culture

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
LM Papaspyridi ◽  
E Topakas ◽  
N Aligiannis ◽  
P Christakopoulos ◽  
AL Skaltsounis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Submerged Culture ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Medicinal Mushroom ◽  
Ganoderma Australe

scholarly journals The effect of citrate and sulfate of copper on the biomass composition of the medicinal mushroom Trametes versicolor (Polyporales, Polyporaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
G. A. Al-Maali ◽  
N. A. Bisko ◽  
A. M. Ostapchuk
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Copper Sulfate ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Biomass Composition ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Medicinal Mushroom ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Total Carbohydrates

The aim of our research was to study the influence of citrate and sulfate of copper on the biomass composition of the mycelium of the medicinal mushroom Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd, (1920) cultivated in a liquid medium. The studied strain of Trametes versicolor 353 was obtained from the Culture Collection of Mushrooms (IBK) from M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Copper citrate was obtained from the Institute of Nanobiotechnologies and Resource Conservation of Ukraine, Kyiv. In this study we used glucose-peptone-yeast extract medium. Cu2+ (sulfate or citrate form) was added to the medium in concentration 4 mg/L. Mycelium was grown in a submerged culture on a rotary shaker (120 rpm) at 26 °C in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks, containing 50 ml of liquid media. The biomass was harvested after 9 days of cultivation in the liquid medium, filtered, washed, dried to a constant weight at 105 °C and weighed. Total nitrogen content (Ntotal) in the mycelium determined by the Kjeldahl method, crude protein content was determined as Ntotal x 6.25. The ash was obtained by the standard method. Total lipids were extracted from undried mycelium by a modified method of Bligh and Dyer. Amino acid composition was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography Agilent 1200 (Agilent technologies, USA). The methyl ethers of fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) Agilent 6890N/5973 inert. The results of our research demonstrated that sulfates and citrates of copper increased the amount of crude protein on the mycelium of T. versicolor 353. Also both form of copper increased the amount of ash by a third relative to the control medium. At the same time, both forms of copper reduced the amount of total carbohydrates on mycelial biomass. But copper sulfate reduced the amount of total lipids relative to the control medium and medium with copper citrate. It should be noted, that given the significant growth of biomass in both cases, the yield of the same biomass compounds (gram per liter of medium) was raised relative to the control medium. So the yield of total carbohydrates was increased by 72% (on the medium with copper citrate) and 43% (on the medium with copper sulfate) relative to the control medium. The yield of crude protein was raised by 94% (on the medium with copper citrate) and 63% (on the medium with copper sulfate) relative to the control medium. Assay of amino acid composition showed that the quality of crude protein didn’t change. Thus the yield of essential amino acids was increased in conjunction with the yield of crude protein. The yield of total lipids increased only on the medium with copper citrate (by 57%) and in this case the content of fatty acids was unchanged significantly relative to the control medium. But sulfate of copper decreased the amount of cis-linoleic acids by 7%, in return the amount of oleic acid was increased relative to the control medium without copper. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of Chitin-Glucan Complex Production in Submerged Culture of Medicinal Mushroom of Schizophilum commune: Optimization and Growth Kinetic

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 406-424
Author(s):  
Mohaddeseh Zeynali ◽  
Ashrafalsadat Hatamian-Zarmi ◽  
Mohaddeseh Larypoor ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Submerged Culture ◽  
Growth Kinetic ◽  
Medicinal Mushroom

scholarly journals The mycelium of the Trametes versicolor (Turkey tail) mushroom and its fermented substrate each show potent and complementary immune activating properties in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen F. Benson ◽  
Paul Stamets ◽  
Renee Davis ◽  
Regan Nally ◽  
Alex Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Solid Fraction ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Medicinal Mushroom ◽  
Initial Substrate

Abstract Background The medicinal mushroom Trametes versicolor (Tv, Turkey Tail) is often prepared for consumption as a powder from the fungal mycelium and the fermented substrate on which it grew. The goal for this study was to evaluate the immune-modulating properties of the mycelium versus the fermented substrate, to document whether an important part of the immune-activating effects resides in the metabolically fermented substrate. Methods Tv mycelium was cultured on rice flour. The mycelium and the fermented substrate were mechanically separated, dried, and milled. The initial substrate served as a control. Aqueous fractions were extracted and passed through 0.22-μm filters. The remaining solids were passed through homogenization spin columns without filtration. The aqueous and solid fractions of the initial substrate (IS), the fermented substrate (FS), and the Trametes versicolor mycelium (TvM) were tested for immune-activating and modulating activities on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures, to examine expression of the CD69 activation marker on lymphocytes versus monocytes, and on the T, NKT, and NK lymphocyte subsets. Culture supernatants were tested for cytokines using Luminex arrays. Results Both aqueous and solid fractions of TvM triggered robust induction of CD69 on lymphocytes and monocytes, whereas FS only triggered minor induction of CD69, and IS had no activating effect. The aqueous extract of TvM had stronger activating effects than the solid fraction. In contrast, the solid fraction of IS triggered a reduction in CD69, below levels on untreated cells. Both aqueous and solid fractions of FS triggered large and dose-dependent increases in immune-activating pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6), anti-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10), anti-viral cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-alpha (MIP-1α), as well as Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) and Interleukin-8 (IL-8). TvM triggered more modest cytokine increases. The aqueous extract of IS showed no effects, whereas the solid fraction showed modest effects on induction of cytokines and growth factors. Conclusion The results demonstrated that the immune-activating bioactivity of a mycelial-based medicinal mushroom preparation is a combination of the mycelium itself (including insoluble beta-glucans, and also water-soluble components), and the highly bioactive, metabolically fermented substrate, not present in the initial substrate.

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