scholarly journals Cultivated Rice Varieties viewed from Root Characters. : (I) Some ecological characters of rice plants continuously grown in nursery. : (II) Root diameter, rooting and others.

1959 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamotsu NAGAI ◽  
Hidenori HIROTA
Keyword(s):  
Root Diameter ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Plants

OsNAC5overexpression enlarges root diameter in rice plants leading to enhanced drought tolerance and increased grain yield in the field

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Seo Jeong ◽  
Youn Shic Kim ◽  
Mark C. F. R. Redillas ◽  
Geupil Jang ◽  
Harin Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Rice Plants

scholarly journals Ketahanan padi (Oryza sativa L.) varietas IPB 3S terhadap wereng batang cokelat (Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Andi Nurdaaniyah ◽  
Dadang Dadang ◽  
I Wayan Winasa
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
High Loss ◽  
Rice Plants

<p>Brown planthopper (<em>Nilaparvata lugens</em> (Stål)) is one of the major rice insect pests that is known to cause high loss of rice production. One of the strategies to control this pest is by using resistant rice varieties. The aim of this research was to study the resistance of IPB 3S variety to BPH by measuring BPH fecundity, sex ratio, feeding activity as well as population increase compared to Ciherang variety against brown planthopper (<em>N. lugens</em>). Fecundity test used a pair of BPH adult infested on 21 days after planting (DAP) of rice plants. Eggs laid in rice stalks and the rest of eggs in the ovary were counted. In order to know the change of sex ratio, a pair of BPH adults was infested on 30 DAP rice plants and allowed to lay eggs. The calculation of sex ratio was conducted at adult stage of BPH by segregation between male and female adults. Feeding activity of BPH was evaluated using ninhydrin and analyzed qualitatively using spectrophotometer. Ten fourth instar nymphs of BPH was infested on 30 DAP old of rice seedlings. Honeydew secreted by BPH was collected to filter paper sprayed with ninhydrin. Population increased test was conducted by infesting five pairs of BPH adults on 35 DAP old rice plants. Observations was conducted on nymph and adult stages. Each test was replicated 10 times. In general, IPB 3S is slightly resistant to BPH, compared to Ciherang variety. The feeding activity of BPH is higher in Ciherang compared to IPB3S. However, the fecundity and population increased of BPH in Ciherang is similar to IPB3S.</p>

Distribution and mapping of an active autonomous aDart element responsible for mobilizing nonautonomous nDart1 transposons in cultivated rice varieties

2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Nishimura ◽  
Nisar Ahmed ◽  
Kazuo Tsugane ◽  
Shigeru Iida ◽  
Masahiko Maekawa
Keyword(s):  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

Mycoflora associated with diseased rice grains in Bangladesh and their pathogenic potentiality

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 932-940
Author(s):  
Pranami Chowdhury ◽  
Shamim Shamsi ◽  
Hasna Hena Begum ◽  
Md Abul Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Aspergillus Clavatus ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Fifty six spotted rice grain samples of four commercially cultivated rice varieties namely BRRI 28, 29, Kalijira and Pajam were collected from 14 different districts of Bangladesh. Forty rice samples (Hybrid 2,3,4, BR7,11,12,14,16,22,23,25,26and BRRI28 to BRRI 55) were also collected from Bangladesh Rice Research Institute at Joydevpur. Twenty-fivespecies of fungi belonging to 15 genera were associated with these rice varieties. The isolated fungi were Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus clavatus, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A.niger, A. ochraceus, A.oryzae, A. terreus, Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Curvularia lunata, C. lunata var. aeria, Drechslera oryzae, Fusarium moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. solani, Microdochium oryzae, Nigrospora oryzae, Penicillium spp., Pestalotiopsis guepinii, Sarocladium oryzae and Trichoderma viride. Amongst these fungi nine i.e. Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, Aspergillus flavus Link, Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn, Drechsler aoryzae Breda de Haan (Subramanian and Jain), Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon, F. solani (Mart.) Sacc., Microdochium oryzae (Hashloka and Yokogi) Sam. and Hal., Pestalotiopsis guepinii (Desm.) Stay. and Sarocladium oryzae (Sawada) W. Gams and D. Hawks were found to be pathogenic to rice seeds. The most predominant fungus was D. oryzae which was followed by A. flavus and the least incidence was observed in case of F. solani and P. guepinni. Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 932-940, 2021 (January)

Whole grain morphology of Australian rice species

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kasem ◽  
D. L. E. Waters ◽  
N. Rice ◽  
F. M. Shapter ◽  
R. J. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Wild Rice ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Wild Rice Species ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Standard Classification ◽  
Novel Alleles ◽  
Grain Colour

The grain morphology of 17 wild rice relatives were studied by light and scanning electron microscopy and compared to two cultivated rice varieties (Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare and O. sativa cv. Teqing). Observations were made of the grain colour, size and shape. Grains from wild rice species exhibited a variety of colours that have potential aesthetic and nutritional value. The grains of these species exhibited a wide array of sizes and shapes, but still fell within the standard classification scale that rice breeders use for routine breeding evaluation. These results highlight the potential of these species as whole grain foods or as sources of novel alleles in conventional rice breeding programmes.

Co-evolutionary associations between root-associated microbiomes and root transcriptomes in wild and cultivated rice varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Tian ◽  
Shaohua Shi ◽  
Lina Ma ◽  
Fahad Nasir ◽  
Xiujun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

scholarly journals Natural variations of SLG1 confer high-temperature tolerance in indica rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufang Xu ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Shujun Ou ◽  
Ruci Wang ◽  
Yueming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Living Organisms

Abstract With global warming and climate change, breeding crop plants tolerant to high-temperature stress is of immense significance. tRNA 2-thiolation is a highly conserved form of tRNA modification among living organisms. Here, we report the identification of SLG1 (Slender Guy 1), which encodes the cytosolic tRNA 2-thiolation protein 2 (RCTU2) in rice. SLG1 plays a key role in the response of rice plants to high-temperature stress at both seedling and reproductive stages. Dysfunction of SLG1 results in plants with thermosensitive phenotype, while overexpression of SLG1 enhances the tolerance of plants to high temperature. SLG1 is differentiated between the two Asian cultivated rice subspecies, indica and japonica, and the variations at both promoter and coding regions lead to an increased level of thiolated tRNA and enhanced thermotolerance of indica rice varieties. Our results demonstrate that the allelic differentiation of SLG1 confers indica rice to high-temperature tolerance, and tRNA thiolation pathway might be a potential target in the next generation rice breeding for the warming globe.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic characteristics of hybrid and conventional rice plants as a function of plant competition

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 803-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Concenço ◽  
I Aspiazú ◽  
L Galon ◽  
E.A Ferreira ◽  
M.A.M Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Competition ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The objective of this work was to evaluate the characteristics related to the photosynthetic ability of hybrid and inbred rice varieties, as a way to assess which of the two presented higher potential to stand out under conditions of competition. The trial was set in a greenhouse in completely randomized block design and 2 x 6 factorial scheme with four replications. Factor A consisted of rice varieties (hybrid or inbred) and factor B by competition levels. Treatments consisted in maintaining one plant of either BRS Pelota (inbred) or Inov (hybrid) variety at the center of the plot, under competition with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 plants of the variety BRS Pelota at the periphery of the experimental unit, according to the treatment. Fifty days after emergence (DAE), sub-stomatal CO2 concentration (Ci - mmol mol-1), photosynthetic rate (A - mmol m-2 s-1) and CO2 consumed (DC - mmol mol-1) were quantified, as well as shoot dry mass(SDM).Hybrid plants present higher photosynthesis capacity than inbred plants, when competing with up to 3 times its own density. When under the same competitive intensity, hybrid plants surpass the inbred. However, it should be emphasized that, when in farm condition, the lower competitive capacity with weeds often attributed to the hybrid varieties, probably is due to their lower planting density, but if weed competition is kept at low levels, hybrid rice plants may perform in the same way or usually better than inbred plants.

scholarly journals Cultivated Rice Varieties viewed from Root Characters : (VII) Some considerations on quantitative elements of the root system

1962 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamostu NAGAI ◽  
Shigemasa YOSHIDA ◽  
Yoshiro TATSUMICHI
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

scholarly journals Evidence of selection, adaptation and untapped diversity in Vietnamese rice landraces

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Higgins ◽  
Bruno Santos ◽  
Tran Dang Khanh ◽  
Khuat Huu Trung ◽  
Tran Duy Duong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Landraces ◽  
Shared Ancestry ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
New Generation

AbstractVietnam possesses a vast diversity of rice landraces due to its geographical situation, latitudinal range, and a variety of ecosystems. This genetic diversity constitutes a highly valuable resource at a time when the highest rice production areas in the low-lying Mekong and Red River Deltas are enduring increasing threats from climate changes, particularly in rainfall and temperature patterns.We analysed 672 Vietnamese rice genomes, 616 newly sequenced, that encompass the range of rice varieties grown in the diverse ecosystems found throughout Vietnam. We described four Japonica and five Indica subpopulations within Vietnam likely adapted to the region of origin. We compared the population structure and genetic diversity of these Vietnamese rice genomes to the 3,000 genomes of Asian cultivated rice. The named Indica-5 (I5) subpopulation was expanded in Vietnam and contained lowland Indica accessions, which had with very low shared ancestry with accessions from any other subpopulation and were previously overlooked as admixtures. We scored phenotypic measurements for nineteen traits and identified 453 unique genotype-phenotype significant associations comprising twenty-one QTLs (quantitative trait loci). The strongest associations were observed for grain size traits, while weaker associations were observed for a range of characteristics, including panicle length, heading date and leaf width. We identified genomic regions selected in both Indica and Japonica subtypes during the breeding of these subpopulations within Vietnam and discuss in detail fifty-two selected regions in I5, which constitute an untapped resource of cultivated rice diversity.Our results highlight traits and their associated genomic regions, which were identified by fine phenotyping and data integration. These are a potential source of novel loci and alleles to breed a new generation of sustainable and resilient rice.

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