scholarly journals Natural variations of SLG1 confer high-temperature tolerance in indica rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufang Xu ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Shujun Ou ◽  
Ruci Wang ◽  
Yueming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Living Organisms

Abstract With global warming and climate change, breeding crop plants tolerant to high-temperature stress is of immense significance. tRNA 2-thiolation is a highly conserved form of tRNA modification among living organisms. Here, we report the identification of SLG1 (Slender Guy 1), which encodes the cytosolic tRNA 2-thiolation protein 2 (RCTU2) in rice. SLG1 plays a key role in the response of rice plants to high-temperature stress at both seedling and reproductive stages. Dysfunction of SLG1 results in plants with thermosensitive phenotype, while overexpression of SLG1 enhances the tolerance of plants to high temperature. SLG1 is differentiated between the two Asian cultivated rice subspecies, indica and japonica, and the variations at both promoter and coding regions lead to an increased level of thiolated tRNA and enhanced thermotolerance of indica rice varieties. Our results demonstrate that the allelic differentiation of SLG1 confers indica rice to high-temperature tolerance, and tRNA thiolation pathway might be a potential target in the next generation rice breeding for the warming globe.

scholarly journals Molecular mechanism underlying Pyropia haitanensis PhHsp22-mediated increase in the high-temperature tolerance of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Chang ◽  
Jianzhi Shi ◽  
Jianzhang Lin ◽  
Dehua Ji ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Small Heat Shock Protein ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Pyropia Haitanensis ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance

AbstractGlobal warming is one of the key limiting factors affecting the cultivation of Pyropia haitanensis which is an economically important macroalgae species grown in southern China. However, the mechanism underlying the high-temperature tolerance of P. haitanensis remains largely unknown. In a previous study, we showed that the expression of the small heat shock protein 22 gene (Hsp22) is upregulated in P. haitanensis in response to high-temperature stress, but the associated regulatory mechanism was not fully elucidated. In this study, a transgenic Chlamydomonas reinhardtii expression system was used to functionally characterize P. haitanensis Hsp22. Our analyses indicated that the C-terminal of PhHsp22 is highly conserved and contains an A-crystal structure domain. A phylogenetic analysis revealed PhHsp22 is not closely related to small heat shock protein genes in other species. Additionally, PhHsp22 expression significantly increased at 3 and 6 h after initiating 33 °C treatment, which improved the survival rate of transgenic C. reinhardtii during the early stage of high-temperature treatment. The further transcriptome analysis revealed that PhHsp22 expression can promote pathways related to energy metabolism, metabolites metabolism, and protein homeostasis in transgenic C. reinhardtii cells exposed to high temperatures. Therefore, PhHsp22 may be crucial for the response of Pyropia species to high-temperature stress. Furthermore, this gene may be useful for breeding new high-temperature algal strains.

scholarly journals Involvement of Ca2+ in Regulation of Physiological Indices and Heat Shock Factor Expression in Four Iris germanica Cultivars under High-temperature Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Mao ◽  
Hongliang Xu ◽  
Caixia Guo ◽  
Jun Tong ◽  
Yanfang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Heat Shock Factor ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Iris Germanica

Although tolerance to high temperature is crucial to the summer survival of Iris germanica cultivars in subtropical areas, few physiological studies have been conducted on this topic previously. To remedy this, this study explored the physiological response and expression of heat shock factor in four I. germanica cultivars with varying levels of thermotolerance. The plants’ respective degrees of high-temperature tolerance were evaluated by measuring the ratio and area of withered leaves under stress. Several physiological responses to high temperatures were investigated, including effects on chlorophyll, antioxidant enzymes, proline, and soluble protein content in the leaves of four cultivars. CaCl2 was sprayed on ‘Gold Boy’ and ‘Royal Crusades’ considered being sensitive to high temperatures to study if Ca2+ could improve the tolerance, and LaCl3 was sprayed on ‘Music Box’ and ‘Galamadrid’ with better high-temperature tolerance to test if calcium ion blocker could decrease their tolerance. Heat shock factor genes were partially cloned according to the conserved region sequence, and expression changes to high-temperature stress with CaCl2 or LaCl3 treatments were thoroughly analyzed. Results showed that high temperature is the primary reason for large areas of leaf withering. The ratio and area of withered leaves on ‘Music Box’ and ‘Galamadrid’ were smaller than ‘Gold Boy’ and ‘Royal Crusades’. CaCl2 slowed the degradation of chlorophyll content and increased proline and soluble protein in ‘Gold Boy’ and ‘Royal Crusades’ but had no significant effect on activating peroxidase or superoxide to improve high-temperature tolerance. Genetic expression of heat shock factor in ‘Gold Boy’ and ‘Royal Crusades’ was upregulated by Ca2+ at later stages of leaf damage under high-temperature stress. LaCl3 down-regulated the physiological parameters and expression level of heat shock factor in ‘Music Box’ and ‘Galamadrid’. These results suggest that different I. germanica cultivars have varying high-temperature tolerance and furthermore that Ca2+ regulates their physiological indicators and expression level of heat shock factor under stress.

scholarly journals Evaluation of stress indices for screening of rice cultivars for high temperature tolerance

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-351
Author(s):  
Veronica N ◽  
Ashoka Rani Y ◽  
Subrahmanyam D ◽  
Narasimha Rao KL ◽  
Lal Ahamad M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Stress Susceptibility

High temperature during the crop growing period is detrimental as it results in reduction of yield. A diverse set of rice germplasm consisting of 60 genotypes was grown at two different sowing times (normal and late) and were exposed naturally to high temperature in the late sown condition (stress). There was a severe reduction in grain yield and spikelet fertility in all the genotypes in the late sown crop. Yield based indices were computed based on grain yield recorded under normal and stress conditions. Indices Stress Susceptibility Index (STI), Geometric Mean Production (GMP), Mean Production (MP), Yield Index (YI), Modified stress tolerance (K1STI and K2STI) were positively correlated with yield recorded under both normal and high temperature stress condition and can be considered as suitable indices for screening of rice genotypes under high temperature conditions. Ranking genotypes based on the indices revealed that Rasi, HKR47, IR64, Khudaridhan, Akshayadhan and N22 exhibited the highest mean rank and hence they can be identified as heat-tolerant genotypes. ADT43, Vandana, IR36, MTU1001, ADT49 and Krishnahamsa had a lower rank and were identified as susceptible genotypes to high-temperature stress.

Temperature induction response reveals intrinsic thermotolerant genotypes in soybean

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwimana Marie Ange ◽  
S. Srividhya ◽  
C. Vijayalakshmi ◽  
P. Boominathan
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Temperature Induction

The responses of soybean genotypes to high temperature for intrinsic tolerance was studied using Temperature Induction Response (TIR) technique in order identify the genotypes tolerant to high temperature stress. Seven soybean genotypes subjected to lethal and sub lethal temperatures showed significant variation for acquired thermotolerance. Thermotolerant genotypes ADT 1 and CoSoy1 identified by the TIR technique, demonstrated higher survival percentage, and lower growth reduction. Further the tolerant genotypes identified based on TIR also showed higher antioxidant enzymes activity implying the critical role of antioxidant in cellular thermotolerance. This clearly demonstrated that TIR can be effectively used for screening high temperature tolerance genotypes in soybean. This study also established the fact that the alternations in antioxidants during induction are vital for imparting tolerance to high temperature stress.

Genetic variability in cotton germplasm: predicting the agro physiological markers for high-temperature tolerance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Amjad Farooq ◽  
Amir Shakeel ◽  
Waqas Shafqat Chattha ◽  
Tariq Manzoor Khan ◽  
Muhammad Tehseen Azhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Cotton Genotypes ◽  
Physiological Markers

Abstract High temperature negatively affects cotton production worldwide. In Pakistan, cotton crop faces high temperature at peak flowering during June–July, which is a major reason for yield losses. The present study was conducted to find some agro-physiological markers for high-temperature tolerance. Fifty cotton genotypes were raised under normal sown (high-temperature stress) and late sown (optimum temperature) conditions for 2 years. Data were recorded for relative cell injury percentage (RCI), chlorophyll content (CC), canopy temperature (CT), boll retention percentage (BR), bolls per plant (BP), boll weight (BW), hundred seed weight (HSW), sympodial branches per plant (SBP), plant height (PH) and seed cotton yield (SCY). A large amount of variability was found among cotton genotypes as proved by descriptive statistics. Stable genotypes were selected based on higher SCY and yield components (BP, BW, HSW, SBP, PH and SCY) performance along with less RCI%, high CC and low CT. The results of heatmap analysis showed that the six cotton genotypes viz., FH-Noor, FH-Lalazar, FH-458, FH-466, NIAB-545 and NIAB-878 performed better under high-temperature stress. These selected genotypes can be a source for breeding high-temperature tolerance. Furthermore, the results from correlation analysis confirmed that the traits such as RCI%, CC and CT can be considered as early selection criteria due to their positive association with SCY. Whilst some other parameters such as BP, BW, BR, SBP and PH might be used as direct selection indices for SCY under high-temperature stress.

scholarly journals Mapping wheat QTLS for grain yield related traits under high temperature stress

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1107-1125
Author(s):  
Mohamed Barakat ◽  
Abdullah Al-Doss ◽  
Khaled Moustafa ◽  
Mohamed Motawei ◽  
Ibrahim Al-Ashkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Heat Susceptibility Index ◽  
Grain Filling Period

Stress induced by high temperature represents a major constraint over wheat production in many production areas. Here, the comprehensive coverage of the wheat genome achievable using single nucleotide polymorphism markers was exploited to carry out a genetic analysis targeting yield components in plants exposed to high temperature stress. The mapping population was a set of doubled haploid lines derived from a cross between the cultivars Yecora Rojo and Ksu106. Both of the parental cultivars and their derived population were tested in the field in two locations over two consecutive seasons; at each site, two sowing dates were included, with the later sowing intended to ensure that the plants were exposed to high temperature stress during the grain filling period. Composite interval mapping detected 93 quantitative trait loci influencing grain yield and some related traits, along with 20 loci associated with a ?heat susceptibility index? (HSI). The loci were distributed over all 21 of the wheat chromosomes. Some of these loci were of large enough effect to be considered as candidates for the marker-assisted breeding of high temperature tolerance in wheat.

scholarly journals High-temperature stress during drying improves subsequent rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed longevity

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine J. Whitehouse ◽  
Fiona R. Hay ◽  
Richard H. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Seed Longevity ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Rice Seeds

AbstractPost-harvest drying prolongs seed survival in air-dry storage; previous research has shown a benefit of drying moist rice seeds at temperatures greater than recommended for genebanks (5–20°C). The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a temperature limit for safely drying rice seeds, and to explore whether the benefit to longevity is caused by high-temperature stress or continued seed development. Seeds of two rice varieties were harvested at different stages of development and dried initially either over silica gel, or intermittently (8 h day–1) or continuously (24 h day–1) over MgCl2 at temperatures between 15 and 60°C for up to 3 days. Seeds dried more rapidly the warmer the temperature. Subsequent seed longevity in hermetic storage (45°C and 10.9% moisture content) was substantially improved by increase in drying temperature up to 45°C in both cultivars, and also with further increase from 45 to 60°C in cv. ‘Macassane’. The benefit of high-temperature drying to subsequent longevity tended to diminish the later the stage of development at seed harvest. Intermittent or continuous drying at high temperatures provided broadly similar improvements to longevity, but with the greatest improvements detected in a few treatment combinations with continuous drying. Heated-air drying of rice seeds harvested before maturity improved their subsequent storage longevity by more than that which occurred during subsequent development in planta, which may have resulted from the triggering of protection mechanisms in response to high-temperature stress.

scholarly journals Karakter Seleksi pada Generasi Awal untuk Adaptasi Padi terhadap Cekaman Suhu Tinggi

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Victor Manotar Pademan Manalu ◽  
Desta Wirnas ◽  
Dan Sudarsono
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Additive Gene

<div class="WordSection1"><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p><em>           Developing new rice  varieties adaptive to heat stress is important to maintain high rice production in anticipating global warming effects. This research was aimed to find selection characters and to select the best segregant in early generation based on agronomic characters for adaptation of rice to heat stress. The experiment was carried out in September 2014 to Januari 2015. About 210 F2 segregants generated trough hybridization between IPB 4S (sensitive parent) and Situ Patenggang (tolerant parent), 20 individuals of IPB 4S, and 20 individuals of Situ Patenggang, were used as genetic control. All genetic materials were exposed to high temperature stress by growing in a green house of Bogor Agricultural University. The average temperature in the research period was 24 °C and 42.09 °C, respectively for minimum and maximum temperature.  The results showed that charachters of productive and total tiller number, total grain number, and seed weight had high heritability, high coeffiecient of genetics variability-with an additive gene action. That charachters could be proposed as selection criteria in early generation for rice breeding of adaptation to high temperature stress. The characters could be applied  in either single trait or multiple traits selection. Based on multiple traits selection we found 50 the best F2 segregation.<br /><br />Keywords: differential selection, early generation, heat tolerant, heritability, gene action, variability genetics coeffiecient <br /><br /></em><strong><em></em></strong><br clear="all" /><strong><em> </em></strong></p></div>

scholarly journals Marker Assisted Pyramiding of QTLs for Heat Tolerance and Escape Upgrades Heat Resilience in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changrong Ye ◽  
Tsutomu Ishimaru ◽  
Leslie Lambio ◽  
Le Li ◽  
Yu Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Growth Chambers

Abstract High temperature at flowering stage of rice causes low spikelet fertility and low yield. To cope with high temperature stress brought by climate change, two strategies were proposed to develop heat-resilient rice varieties. One is to escape the high temperature by flowering early in the morning, another is to enhance tolerance to high temperature stress per se. Two promising QTLs for early morning flowering (qEMF3) and heat tolerance (qHTSF4.1) were introgressed into IR64 background, and near isogenic lines (NILs) IR64+qEMF3 (IR64EMF3) and IR64+qHTSF4.1 (IR64HT4) were developed in previous studies. In this study, a QTL pyramiding line IR64+qHTSF4.1+qEMF3 (IR64HT4EMF3) was developed by marker assisted selection of the progenies of previous NILs. The NILs were subjected to different high temperature regimes in the indoor growth chambers and different locations in the field. In the indoor growth chambers, when high temperature starts early (before 11:00 am), IR64HT4 and IR64HT4EMF3 had higher spikelet fertility than IR64EMF3; when high temperature comes later (after 11:00 am), IR64EMF3 and IR64HT4EMF3 had higher spikelet fertility than IR64HT4. The flowering pattern of the IR64HT4EMF3 was earlier than IR64HT4, but similar to IR64EMF3 in the glasshouse, field and indoor growth chambers. IR64HT4EMF3 showed higher spikelet fertility than IR64EMF3 and IR64HT4 in the field in the Philippines. Thus, combination of early morning flowering and heat tolerance QTLs is an elegant breeding strategy to cope with future extreme climate.

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